ZINC CATION

US Approved OTC

First marketed in 1921

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	Zn
Molecular Weight	65.409
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	2

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

[Zn++]

InChI

InChIKey=PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/Zn/q+2

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	Zn
Molecular Weight	65.409
Charge	2
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Description
Sources: http://www.npi.gov.au/resource/zinc-and-compounds | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27546855 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6353570http://www.chemistrylearner.com/zinc-hydroxide.html | http://www.lookchem.com/Zinc-hydroxide/http://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=8415 | https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/fdcc/?set=IndirectAdditives&id=ZINCSULFIDE | http://www.imse.iastate.edu/files/2014/03/Jianqiang_Li_Master_Thesis.pdf | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24477783http://www.t3db.ca/toxins/T3D0733https://www.google.com/patents/US3130034https://www.drugs.com/mtm/zinc-oxide-topical.htmlhttp://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB01303http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/125327s020lbl.pdfhttps://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/724913/ZINC_CARBONATE/# | https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=582.80 | https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=347.10 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10378806 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17633459
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including http://www.healio.com/news/print/hemonc-today/%7Bfc05fb30-107a-4753-b673-bd0e9b19881d%7D/glucarpidase-in-the-treatment-of-methotrexate-induced-nephrotoxicity

Zinc monocarbonate (Zinc Carbonate) is an inorganic salt. In the United States, Zinc Carbonate may be used as an active ingredient in OTC drug products. When used as an active drug ingredient, the established name is Zinc Carbonate. Zinc monocarbonate is generally recognized as safe by FDA. It is used as skin protectant active ingredient. Zinc carbonate was found to retard the degradation of some poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) microspheres in vivo and in vitro. Adding Zinc Carbonate is essential during the preparation of PLGA microspheres. It can remarkably improve the stability of drugs in the acid microenvironment inside PLGA microspheres.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Streptococcus mutans 41 Target ID: CHEMBL612426 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12599434 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2913640	Inhibitor 8297
respiratory burst 39 Target ID: GO:0045730 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8157083	Activator 1430
transformed cell apoptotic process 108 Target ID: GO:0006927 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24477783	Activator 1430
Methotrexate 38 Target ID: CHEMBL2364710 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/125327s020lbl.pdf	Hydrolytic Enzyme 38
ultraviolet B-induced damage 38 Target ID: ultraviolet B-induced damage Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25947194	Interacts 323
T cell mediated immunity 40 Target ID: GO:0002456 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24077486	Activator 1430
Zinc transporter ZIP1 38 Target ID: Q9NY26 Gene ID: 27173.0 Gene Symbol: SLC39A1 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24077486	Binding Agent 1064
Zinc transporter ZIP2 38 Target ID: Q9NP94 Gene ID: 29986.0 Gene Symbol: SLC39A2 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24077486	Binding Agent 1064

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Unknown 2578
Unknown 2578
Unknown 2578
Caries 43 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12599434 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2913640 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6353570	Preventing	Basic research	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Ulcerative colitis 123 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/international/corticotropin-zinc-hydroxide.html https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13469787	Primary	Approved 8429	CORTROPHIN-ZINC Approved Use Treatment of ulcerative colitis and other colonic disorders. Launch Date -4.55328006E11
Zinc deficiency 39 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6383773	Primary	Preclinical	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Acute myeloid leukemia 136 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24477783	Primary	Basic research	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Breast cancer 434 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27305766	Primary	Basic research	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Renal insufficiency 40 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/125327s020lbl.pdf	Secondary	Approved 8429	VORAXAZE Approved Use Indicated for the treatment of toxic plasma methotrexate concentrations (>1 micromole per liter) in patients with delayed methotrexate clearance due to impaired renal function. Limitation of use: VORAXAZE is not indicated for use in patients who exhibit the expected clearance of methotrexate (plasma methotrexate concentrations within 2 standard deviations of the mean methotrexate excretion curve specific for the dose of methotrexate administered) or those with normal or mildly impaired renal function because of the potential risk of subtherapeutic exposure to methotrexate. Launch Date 1.32675836E12
Diaper dermatitis 38 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2006/021026s000lbl.pdf	Primary	Approved 8429	VUSION Approved Use INDICATIONS AND USAGE VUSION Ointment is indicated for the adjunctive treatment of diaper dermatitis only when complicated by documented candidiasis (microscopic evidence of pseudohyphae and/or budding yeast), in immunocompetent pediatric patients 4 weeks and older. A positive fungal culture for Candida albicans is not adequate evidence of candidal infection since colonization with C. albicans can result in a positive culture. The presence of candidal infection should be established by microscopic evaluation prior to initiating treatment. VUSION Ointment should be used as part of a treatment regimen that includes measures directed at the underlying diaper dermatitis, including gentle cleansing of the diaper area and frequent diaper changes. Launch Date 1.140048E12
Poison Ivy dermatitis 38 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/cdi/zinc-oxide-cream.html	Primary	Approved 8429	ZINC OXIDE Approved Use Unknown
Gastrointestinal disorders 95 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/pro/zinc-sulfate-injection.html	Primary	Approved 8429	ZINC SULFATE Approved Use Unknown Launch Date 5.47171205E11
Mucositis 39 Sources: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01015183	Primary	Phase III 656	ZINC SULFATE Approved Use Unknown Launch Date 5.47171205E11
Dysgeusia 38 Sources: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00036881	Primary	Phase III 656	ZINC SULFATE Approved Use Unknown Launch Date 5.47171205E11
Unknown 2578

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
A medicated polycarboxylate cement to prevent complications in composite resin therapy.	1990 Jan	2404104
Zinc inhibition of renin and the protease from human immunodeficiency virus type 1.	1991 Sep 10	1888732
Molecular modeling studies suggest that zinc ions inhibit HIV-1 protease by binding at catalytic aspartates.	1993 Aug	8404763
Topical zinc oxide treatment increases endogenous gene expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 in granulation tissue from porcine wounds.	1994 Dec	7899834
New applications for the zinc iodide-osmium tetroxide technique.	1994 Feb	7512543
Iron chelators as therapeutic agents against Pneumocystis carinii.	1994 May	8067783
Cupric ion blocks NF kappa B activation through inhibiting the signal-induced phosphorylation of I kappa B alpha.	1995 Nov 13	7488149
SRR-SB3, a disulfide-containing macrolide that inhibits a late stage of the replicative cycle of human immunodeficiency virus.	1997 Feb	9021177
Enantioselective Cyclopropanation of Allylic Alcohols. The Effect of Zinc Iodide.	1997 May 16	11671728
Thujaplicin-copper chelates inhibit replication of human influenza viruses.	1998 Aug	9806486
Combined effects of argon laser irradiation and fluoride treatments in prevention of caries-like lesion formation in enamel: an in vitro study.	1999 Spring	10686872
Bioavailability, biodistribution, and toxicity of BioZn-AAS(1): a new zinc source. comparative studies in rats.	2000 Sep	10978858
Influence of dietary zinc and copper on digestive enzyme activity and intestinal morphology in weaned pigs.	2006 Dec	17093223
Effect of end-stage renal disease and diabetes on zinc and copper status.	2006 Jul	16943612
On the mechanism of the conversion of methanol to 2,2,3-trimethylbutane (triptane) over zinc iodide.	2006 Nov 10	17081022
Assessing toxicity of fine and nanoparticles: comparing in vitro measurements to in vivo pulmonary toxicity profiles.	2007 May	17301066
DNA damaging potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles in human epidermal cells.	2009 Mar 28	19382294
Metal oxide nanoparticles induce unique inflammatory footprints in the lung: important implications for nanoparticle testing.	2010 Dec	20729176
In vivo uptake and acute immune response to orally administered chitosan and PEG coated PLGA nanoparticles.	2010 Dec 1	20851137
Role of the dissolved zinc ion and reactive oxygen species in cytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles.	2010 Dec 15	20934491
Oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, and altered gene expression in human lung epithelial cells exposed to ZnO nanoparticles.	2010 Feb	19755143
Engineered nanomaterials cause cytotoxicity and activation on mouse antigen presenting cells.	2010 Jan 12	19897006
Phosphorylation of p65 is required for zinc oxide nanoparticle-induced interleukin 8 expression in human bronchial epithelial cells.	2010 Jul	20194077
Zinc oxide nanoparticle disruption of store-operated calcium entry in a muscarinic receptor signaling pathway.	2010 Oct	20708676
ZnO nanoparticles induce apoptosis in human dermal fibroblasts via p53 and p38 pathways.	2011 Dec	21903158
Quantum dots trigger immunomodulation of the NFκB pathway in human skin cells.	2011 Jul	21481475
Titanium oxide shell coatings decrease the cytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles.	2011 Mar 21	21341804
Responses of human cells to ZnO nanoparticles: a gene transcription study.	2011 Nov	21769377
Zinc induces chemokine and inflammatory cytokine release from human promonocytes.	2011 Nov 30	21974847
Safety evaluation of sunscreen formulations containing titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles in UVB sunburned skin: an in vitro and in vivo study.	2011 Sep	21642632
Zinc oxide nanoparticles interfere with zinc ion homeostasis to cause cytotoxicity.	2012 Feb	22112499
Aerosolized ZnO nanoparticles induce toxicity in alveolar type II epithelial cells at the air-liquid interface.	2012 Feb	21964423
Association of zinc ion release and oxidative stress induced by intratracheal instillation of ZnO nanoparticles to rat lung.	2012 Jun 25	22640810
Zinc oxide nanoparticles-induced intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression requires Rac1/Cdc42, mixed lineage kinase 3, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation in endothelial cells.	2012 Mar	22166487
Molecular cloning, characterization of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase and expression analysis of stress-responsive genes from Eisenia fetida against dietary zinc oxide.	2012 Mar	22137962
Distinct immunomodulatory effects of a panel of nanomaterials in human dermal fibroblasts.	2012 May 5	22342292
Zinc oxide nanoparticles inhibit Ca2+-ATPase expression in human lens epithelial cells under UVB irradiation.	2013 Dec	24060544
Sensitivity of human dental pulp cells to eighteen chemical agents used for endodontic treatments in dentistry.	2013 Jan	22083529
Reactive oxygen species-induced cytotoxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles in rat retinal ganglion cells.	2013 Mar	23232460
Inorganic salts in atmospheric particulate matter: Raman spectroscopy as an analytical tool.	2013 Nov	23880412
Cytotoxicity in the age of nano: the role of fourth period transition metal oxide nanoparticle physicochemical properties.	2013 Nov 25	24120544
Involvement of MyD88 in zinc oxide nanoparticle-induced lung inflammation.	2013 Sep	23352990
Nanosized zinc oxide particles do not promote DHPN-induced lung carcinogenesis but cause reversible epithelial hyperplasia of terminal bronchioles.	2014 Jan	23832296
Zinc oxide nanoparticles induce migration and adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells and accelerate foam cell formation.	2014 Jul 1	24746987
ZnO nanoparticles induced adjuvant effect via toll-like receptors and Src signaling in Balb/c mice.	2014 Nov 4	25127755
Ultrasonic assisted removal of sunset yellow from aqueous solution by zinc hydroxide nanoparticle loaded activated carbon: Optimized experimental design.	2015	25953543
Endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress are involved in ZnO nanoparticle-induced hepatotoxicity.	2015 Apr 2	25680694
Spectroscopic probe to contribution of physicochemical transformations in the toxicity of aged ZnO NPs to Chlorella vulgaris: new insight into the variation of toxicity of ZnO NPs under aging process.	2016 Oct	27248459
Mycobacterial carbonic anhydrase inhibition with phenolic acids and esters: kinetic and computational investigations.	2016 Sep 21	27530867
Intense 2.7μm emission in Er(3+) doped zinc fluoride glass.	2017 May 15	28214427

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Rats: The dosage of zinc fluoride tetrahydrate (ZnF2 •4H2O) was adjusted to contain 2.1 mg (low-dose group, LG), 4.3 mg (mid-dose group, MG), and 5.4 mg fluoride per 200 g rat body weight (high-dose group, HG) corresponding to 5, 10, and 12.5 % of LD50 values for NaF.

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

Prepared ground human enamel specimens were immersed in zinc fluoride solutions containing 250 and 750 ppm F- at pH 6 and 4 for 4 min.

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 15:45:16 UTC 2023` Edited by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 15:45:16 UTC 2023`
Record UNII	13S1S8SF37
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

ZINC CATION

Common Name

English

ZINC ION

Common Name

English

ZINC(II)

Systematic Name

English

ZINC ION(2+)

Common Name

English

ZINC(2+)

Systematic Name

English

ZINC, ION (ZN2+)

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

NDF-RT

N0000175530