Deuterium Oxide (heavy water) is a stable, non-radioactive isotopic form of water. The heavy water is used as a moderator of neutrons in nuclear power plants. In the laboratory, heavy water is employed as an isotopic tracer in studies of chemical and biochemical processes. Deuterium oxide acts as a true temperature-modifying agent. It protects mammalian cells against hyperthermic damage. Plant cell biologists had made a similar observation. Regarding human health, deuterium oxide has a wide range of proposed applications, such as therapeutic agent against human pancreatic cancer, determination of total body water (TBW), and enhancement of thermal stability of macromolecules, cells and tissue. Other applications are: treatment of hypertension, treatment of virus-based diseases of the respiratory tract and treatment of herpes virus-based diseases of the skin.

Pirenoxine is an anti-cataract agent which is used in many asian countries under the name Catalin. Although its efficacy is not proved scientifically, the drug may play an important role in cataract prevention. It is supposed that the anti-cataract effect of pirenoxine results from inhibition of sulfhydryl combination of quinoid substances with lens proteins and the inhibition leads to the maintenance of lens transparency.

Dipipanone are indicated for the management of moderate to severe pain in medical and surgical conditions in which morphine may be indicated. Dipipanone is related to methadone and can be substituted for assorted opioids. The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Dipipanone, which give rise to further complications, include hypotension, hypotension, hependence, agranulocytosis, ischemic colitis, generalized chorea, hypersensitivity hepatitis. It may interact badly with monoamine oxidase inhibitors, which are substances found in some antidepressants and other medication.

AFALANINE was developed by Medea Research in Italy and licensed to Pulitzer. Phase III clinical trials of MR 708 were completed by Pulitzer. Antidepressant; Antiparkinsonian; Neuroprotectant; Nootropic, Dopamine receptor agonist, was used to treat Major depressive disorder.

Xenon is a noble gas used as an anesthetic agent. Xenon can associate with amino acid side chains of the active site of enzymes such as serine proteinases (including elastases and collagenases); these enzymes can form a specific binding cavity for single xenon atom without inducing major changes in protein structure. It has been demonstrated that xenon binds within the heme cavity of cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases and is capable of inhibiting the catalytic activity of some enzymes in vitro. Current evidence suggests that inhibition of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor signaling is the mechanism by which xenon induces anesthesia. Although approved for use in anesthesia in Russia in 2000, it was unavailable for use in western countries until October 2005 when approval for its use was granted in Germany.

Beryllium is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Be and atomic number 4. A toxic bivalent element, beryllium is a steel grey, strong, light-weight yet brittle, alkaline earth metal. Beryllium is an ubiquitous element in the environment, and it has many commercial applications. Beryllium is used in alloys with copper or nickel to make gyroscopes, springs, electrical contacts, spot-welding electrodes and non-sparking tools. Mixing beryllium with these metals increases their electrical and thermal conductivity. Other beryllium alloys are used as structural materials for high-speed aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and communication satellites. Beryllium is relatively transparent to X-rays so ultra-thin beryllium foil is finding use in X-ray lithography. Beryllium is also used in nuclear reactors as a reflector or moderator of neutrons. Beryllium and its compounds are toxic and carcinogenic. If beryllium dust or fumes are inhaled, it can lead to an incurable inflammation of the lungs called berylliosis. Because it is strong, stable, can handle elevated levels of heat resistance and is highly transparent to x-rays, beryllium, in thin foil form, has long been critical to the operation of medical and scientific x-ray equipment. Beryllium foil provides the window through which tissue-penetrating x-rays are focused, while maintaining the vacuum inside the x-ray tube generator. Beryllium foil remains indispensible for high-resolution medical radiography, including CT scanning and mammography. Beryllium in newer generation mammography equipment enables a lower radiation dose scan with significantly finer tumor resolution, enabling breast cancer detection at its early, most treatable stages. Beryllium is also used in components of the analytical equipment used to analyze blood for HIV and other diseases, offering the precision and reliability that doctors and patients demand.

Carbon disulfide (CS2) in its pure form is a colourless, volatile and in-flammable liquid with a sweet aromatic odour. The technical product is a yellowish liquid with a disagreeable odour. It has been an important industrial chemical since the 1800s because of its many useful properties, including its ability to solubilise fats, rubbers, phosphorus, sulfur, and other elements. Its fat-solvent properties also make it indispensable in preparing fats, lacquers, and camphor; in refining petroleum jelly and paraffin; and in extracting oil from bones, palmstones, olives, and rags. It was also used in processing India rubber sap from tropical trees. In all these extraction processes, it has now been replaced by other solvents. Carbon disulfide's most important industrial use has been in the manufacture of regenerated cellulose rayon (by the viscose process) and cellophane. Another principal industrial use for carbon disulfide has been as a feedstock for carbon tetrachloride production. It has also been used to protect fresh fruit from insects and fungus during shipping, in adhesives for food packaging, and in the solvent extraction of growth inhibitors. Carbon disulfide has been highly suitable for other industrial applications including the vulcanisation and manufacture of rubber and rubber accessories; the production of resins, xanthates, thiocyanates, plywood adhesives, and flotation agents; solvent and spinning-solution applications, primarily in the manufacture of rayon and polymerisation inhibition of vinyl chloride; conversion and processing of hydrocarbons; petroleum-well cleaning; brightening of precious metals in electroplating; rust removal from metals; and removal and recovery of metals and other elements from waste water and other media. In agriculture, carbon disulfide has been widely used as a fumigant to control insects in stored grain, and to remove botfly larva infestations from the stomachs of horses and ectoparasites from swine. Use of carbon disulfide as a grain fumigant in the USA was voluntarily cancelled after 1985. The primary source of carbon disulfide in the environment is emission from viscose plants, around which environmental pollution is especially great. Carbon disulfide is irritating to the eyes, mucous membranes, and skin. Acute neurological effects may result from all routes of exposure and may include headache, confusion, psychosis, and coma. Acute exposure to extremely high levels of carbon disulfide may result in death. The neurotoxic effects caused by carbon disulfide may be due, in part, to its metabolic conversion to dithiocarbamates. Individuals especially susceptible to the toxic effects of carbon disulfide include those with existing disorders of the nervous system, respiratory system, cardiovascular system, or eyes.

Voxergolide is a 9-oxoergoline derivative with dopamine D2 receptor agonist properties. It is induced a significant improvement in working memory performance of Roman high (RHA) avoidance strains of rats, which has high frontal cortex dopamine and DOPAC levels, hippocampal and striatal 5-HT and noradrenalin levels. Voxergolide failed to counteract the memory deficits induced by triazolam. It doesn’t counteracted scopolamine caused anterograde amnesia and sedative effects.

Sofalcone is a mucosal protective agent that has been reported to inhibit growth of Helicobacter pylori. It is considered safe and effective for the treatment of gastritis and gastric ulcer. It is used in Japan. Adverse reactions are: liver dysfunction, jaundice, rash, constipation, dry mouth, heartburn.

Folescutol has been studied in phlebology. It was shown, that the drug could prevent the edema by revascularization.