Antimony sodium tartrate (stibophen) is a trivalent antimony compound having the same actions and uses as the potassium tartrate but more water-soluble and less irritant when injected. Antimony sodium tartrate has been used in the treatment of Schistosomiasis since 1918. It is a toxic drug and may cause unpleasant side-effects.This drug is now rarely used in the therapy of leishmaniasis, as drugs which are much better tolerated are available

Trichlorfon (Metrifonate), the organophosphorous cholinesterase inhibitor, O,O-dimethylhydroxy-2,2,2-trichlorethyl-phosphonate, has been used sporadically in the treatment of human schistosomiasis for a decade. It has selective and variable schistosomicidal activity against S. haematobium that results from its partial metabolism to a highly active anti-cholinesterase, dichlorvos. Schistosomal cholinesterase is more susceptible to this metabolite than that of the human host, but transient reductions in both plasma and erythrocyte cholinesterase activity are demonstrable at therapeutic dosage. However, despite early concerns about its potential toxicity, metrifonate is well tolerated and has been used effectively and extensively in large-scale control programmes. Its potential to enhance central nervous system cholinergic neurotransmission led to clinical trials for the treatment of people with Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Clorindione belongs to a class of drugs which are known to be vitamin K antagonists, and is a derivative of phenindione. It has been demonstrated as effective in reducing prothrombin levels in humans and also to reduce serum cholesterol and triglycerides in mice.

Amithiozone, also known as thioacetazone, is an oral antibiotic, which is used in the treatment of tuberculosis. In 1991, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended replacing thioacetazone with ethambutol in patients with known or suspected HIV infection. Thioacetazone is no longer included in WHO’s recommended first-line treatment for tuberculosis and is now reserved for uncommon situations in which treatment options have been compromised by resistance to other anti-tuberculosis medicines in HIV-negative individuals. Despite the increased recognition of this risk, thioacetazone remained in use mainly in low-income countries because of its low cost. Amithiozone has also been used in trials studying the treatment of Mycobacterium Avium-intracellular Infection. One of the possible mechanism action of the drug is interference with the metabolism of methionine of susceptible tubercle bacilli, which utilize methionine for nucleic acid synthesis.

Toloxatone is an antidepressant launched in 1984 in France for the treatment of depression. It is a selective reversible inhibitor of MAO-A (RIMA).

Eldecalcitol (1α, 25-dihydroxy-2β-[3-hydroxypropyloxy] vitamin D3; ED-71) is an analog of the active form of vitamin D. Eldecalcitol has a hydroxypropyloxy group at the 2β-position of 1,25(OH)2D3. Compared with 1,25(OH)2D3, eldecalcitol has a higher affinity for serum vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), binds more weakly to vitamin D receptor, and shows lower potency in suppression of serum parathyroid hormone. The plasma half-life of eldecalcitol is longer than that of 1,25(OH)2D3, probably due to the higher affinity for DBP. In addition to regulation of calcium metabolism carried out by conventional vitamin D analogs, eldecalcitol possesses a strong inhibitory effect on bone resorption and causes a significant increase in bone mineral density. EDIROL (Eldecalcitol) has been approved for the treatment of osteoporosis in Japan.

Iotroxic acid (INN), also known as meglumine iotroxate (BAN) (Biliscopin) for infusion is indicated for radiological examination of the hepatic and biliary ducts and gallbladder when examination by oral technique is unsuccessful or inappropriate. Following intravenous administration Biliscopin is rapidly excreted, mainly by the liver into the bile. Visualisation of the hepatic and common bile ducts and the gallbladder can, therefore, be achieved. Visualisation of the biliary ducts is usually possible 30-60 minutes after completion of administration. In vitro meglumine iotroxate binds to plasma proteins to the extent of 60-90% depending on concentration. In animals it crosses the placental barrier. This agent is the single intravenous cholangiographic agent, which is currently available in Australia.

Normethadone is a derivate of opioid analgetic methadone, used as component of antitussive drops in Canada. Illicit drug.

Epalrestat is an aldose reductase inhibitor that is approved in Japan for the improvement of subjective neuropathy symptoms, abnormality of vibration sense, and abnormal changes in heart beat associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.