Acetylspiramycin for spiramycin acetylated derivatives, belonging to 16 membered ring macrolide. It is suitable for sensitive Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Streptococcus pneumoniae induced by mild to moderate infections, such as pharyngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, otitis media, periodontitis, acute bronchitis, chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, non-gonococcal urethritis, skin and soft tissue infection, can be used for the selection of drugs for cryptosporidiosis, or as a treatment for pregnancy women of toxoplasmosis. The mechanism for Acetylspiramycin combined with sensitive microbial 50S ribosomal subunit, RNA dependent inhibition of protein synthesis and bacteriostasis.

Prenylamine, a slow Ca2+ channel blocker, was used to treat patients with angina pectoris, but because of the QT prolongation, this drug was withdrawn from the market. Prenylamine binds to calmodulin section and inhibits myosin light chain kinase.

Bioallethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid with fast knock-down activity against household pest insects. It is used in public health against mosquitoes, houseflies and cockroaches. Bioallethrin is a mixture of two of the allethrin isomers, [1R,trans;1R] and [1R,trans;1S] in an approximate ratio of 1:1. Bioallethrin is used as a component of spray for the treatment of pediculosis.

Eldecalcitol (1α, 25-dihydroxy-2β-[3-hydroxypropyloxy] vitamin D3; ED-71) is an analog of the active form of vitamin D. Eldecalcitol has a hydroxypropyloxy group at the 2β-position of 1,25(OH)2D3. Compared with 1,25(OH)2D3, eldecalcitol has a higher affinity for serum vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), binds more weakly to vitamin D receptor, and shows lower potency in suppression of serum parathyroid hormone. The plasma half-life of eldecalcitol is longer than that of 1,25(OH)2D3, probably due to the higher affinity for DBP. In addition to regulation of calcium metabolism carried out by conventional vitamin D analogs, eldecalcitol possesses a strong inhibitory effect on bone resorption and causes a significant increase in bone mineral density. EDIROL (Eldecalcitol) has been approved for the treatment of osteoporosis in Japan.

Etafenone is an antiarrhythmic and coronary vasodilator drug. Etafenone exerts negative inotropic action on myocardium. It is able to block calcium channels. As a coronary vasodilator which produces a decrease in the heart rate and myocardial oxygen consumption, etafenone has been used in the therapy of ischemic heart disease.

Chloropyramine is an antagonist of H1 histamine receptors. It is indicated for the treatment of various forms of allergic reactions. Chloropyramine is a drug capable of (1) inhibiting the biochemical function of VEGFR-3 and FAK, (2) inhibiting proliferation of a diverse set of cancer cell types in vitro, and (3) reducing tumor growth in vivo.

Alizarin is an anthraquinone is an organic compound that has been used as a red dye, principally for dyeing textile fabrics since ancient times. Historically it was derived from the roots of the madder plant Rubia tinctorum, in which it occurs combined with the sugars xylose and glucose. Laboratory methods of preparing alizarin from anthraquinone were discovered in 1868, and, upon commercial introduction of the synthetic dye in 1871, the natural product disappeared from the market for textile dyes. At present alizarin is commonly used in biomedical studies involving bone growth, osteoporosis, bone marrow, calcium deposits in the vascular system, cellular signaling, gene expression, tissue engineering, and mesenchymal stem cells. Alizarin precipitates free calcium, and tissue block containing calcium stain red immediately when immersed in alizarin. It is approved by FDA as a Calcium test system for clinical chemistry. Alizarin red, has been used for a quantitative sweat measure to characterize the sweat distribution in patients with syncope, anxiety, and POTS.

Nimetazepam (Erimin) is an intermediate-acting hypnotic drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It was first synthesized in 1962 in Japan. It does possess hypnotic, anxiolytic, sedative, and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. Nimetazepam is also an anticonvulsant. It is sold in 5 mg tablets known as Erimin. It is generally prescribed for the treatment of short-term severe insomnia in patients who have difficulty falling asleep or maintaining sleep. Nimetazepam is currently a Schedule IV drug under the international Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971. In Singapore, nimetazepam is a class C drug under the Misuse of Drugs Act. In Hong Kong, nimetazepam is regulated under Schedule 1 of Hong Kong's Chapter 134 Dangerous Drugs Ordinance. Nimetazepam can only be used legally by health professionals and for university research purposes.

Iodine-labeled ioglycamic acid (Bilivistan or Biligram) has been used as a contrast medium for intravenous cholangiocystography.

Josamycin is a macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces narbonensis var. josamyceticus. Macrolides are inhibitors of protein synthesis. They impair the elongation cycle of the peptidyl chain by specifically binding to the 50S subunit of the ribosome. Josamycin has antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of pathogens. It is similar to erythromycin, but does not induce macrolide resistance in staphylococci and appears to have a lower incidence of gastrointestinal side effects. Josamycin is under investigation in US.