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Restrict the search for
acetylcholine
to a specific field?
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (MIXED)
Conditions:
Oxapium iodide (ciclonium or cyclonium, trade name Oxaperan, Esperan) is an antispasmodic indicated for the treatment of gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcer, enteritis, and other conditions. It is marketed in South Korea by Dongsung Pharmaceuticals and by Taisho Toyama Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. in Japan. Oxapium is a muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist. It has two separate pharmacological effects: (1) a potent atropine-like action, (2) a papaverine-like action.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Tiquizium is an antispasmodic agent used to treat disorders of the
gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary systems. Tiquizium is available commercially in Japan for the treatment of gastrointestinal disease. Tiquizium shows anti-muscarinic action to improve convulsion and hypermobility of intestinal smooth muscle.
It is usually used to treat convulsion and hypermobility in gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, enteritis, irritable bowel syndrome, gallbladder disease, biliary tract disease and urolithiasis.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Deptropine citrate is a well-known H1-histamine receptor antagonist and muscarinic receptor antagonist. It is prescribed frequently for treatment of asthma, although there has been a sharp decrease in prescriptions since 1994. Deptropine is gradually being replaced by inhaled beta 2 adrenergic agonists and glucocorticosteroids as the preferred clinical prescription. Recently deptropine has garnered interest as a potential treatment for breast cancer. In vitro studies have shown deptropine citrate has inhibitory effects on cell viability and mammosphere formation in Breast Cancer Stem Cells (BCSCs). However, it does not seem to inhibit the self-renewal capacity of the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 when it is enriched with Cancer Stem Cells.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
NCT02482207: Phase 4 Interventional Completed Hypertension
(2015)
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Pyritinol is a semi natural analogue of water soluble vitamin B6. Pyritinol was synthetized way back in 1961 by Merck Laboratories. After years of research, it entered the market in the 1970s, where it was used for clinical applications – including treating stroke patients and those with Alzheimer’s. Since the 1990s, it has been sold as a nootropic dietary supplement in the United States and many other parts of the world. Pyritinol, unlike many other nootropics, has been approved for use as a medical treatment in countries around the world. Doctors in many European countries use Pyritinol to treat patients with chronic degenerative brain disorders – like dementia. Countries where Pyritinol is an approved treatment include Austria, Germany, France, Greece, Italy, and Portugal. France has approved the use of Pyritinol – but only as a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. Pyritinol is not currently licensed for use in the United Kingdom, but in most other countries, it’s available online or through drug stores as an over the counter substance. Pyritinol is marketed under the brand names Encephabol, Encefabol and Cerbon 6. One of the known mechanisms of action of Pyritinol involves increasing choline uptake into your neurons and thereby increasing acetylcholine levels. Pyritinol is also a great effective precursor to dopamine, which is one of the neurotransmitter mood-boosters in the brain. Pyritinol has better conversion into the neurochemical. This drug increases dopamine, which can keep the brain from anxiety because a lower dopamine level is connected to mood disorders and depression.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
NCT02294396: Phase 4 Interventional Completed Overactive Bladder (OAB)
(2014)
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Propiverine is a well established antimuscarinic agent. It’s indicated in adults for the symptomatic treatment of urinary incontinence and/or increased urinary frequency and urgency in patients with overactive bladder syndrome or neurogenic detrusor overactivity (detrusor hyperreflexia) from spinal cord injuries, e.g. transverse legion paraplegia. As well as blocking muscarinic receptors in the detrusor muscle, the drug also inhibits cellular calcium influx, thereby diminishing muscle spasm. Overdose with the muscarinic receptor antagonist propiverine hydrochloride can potentially result in central anticholinergic effects, e.g. restlessness, dizziness, vertigo, disorders in speech and vision and muscular weakness. Moreover, severe dryness of mucosa, tachycardia and urinary retention may occur.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Fenpiverinium bromide
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Fenpiverinium is a quaternary ammonium compound, it is an anticholinergic and antispasmodic agent. It is a constituent of Baralgin. The effects of the constituents of Baralgin (metamizole , fenpiverinium, and pitofenone ) on mechanical activity were studied in isolated human preparations of the upper urinary tract. Fenpiverinium blocked the increase in frequency of phasic-rhythmic contractions and the tonic tension development induced by acetylcholine. Fenpiverinium did influence neither spontaneous phasic activity nor activation by high potassium or norepinephrine. Fenpiverinium has exclusively anticholinergic properties. Fenpiverinium is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Carpronium chloride is a hair growth reagent with a vasodilatory action. In vivo studies indicated that carpronium chloride achieved dilatation of vascular smooth muscle in the microcirculation of rats. FUROZIN SOLUTION 5% (active ingredient Carpronium chloride) has local vasodilating effect and hair growth stimulatory effect to improve alopecia and vitiligo. It is usually used for the prevention of hair loss, for hair growth stimulation, and in the treatment of seborrhea sicca and vitiligo vulgaris.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Alcuronium (diallylnortoxiferine) is a semi-synthetic substance prepared from C-toxiferine I a bis-quaternary alkaloid obtained from Strychnos toxifera. Alcuronium is a neuromuscular blocking (NMB) agent, alternatively referred to as a skeletal muscle relaxant. Alcuronium is used for endotracheal intubation and to produce muscle relaxation in general anesthesia during surgical procedures. The pharmacological action of alcuronium is readily reversed by neostigmine, and it produced little histamine release. The major disadvantage of alcuronium is that it elicits a vagolytic effect produced by a selective atropine-like blockade of cardiac muscarinic receptors.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Diponium bromide ((2-[alpha,alpha-dicyclopentylacetoxy)- ethyl] triethylammonium bromide) is a muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist. It exerts antispasmodic action.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Timepidium bromide is a quaternary ammonium antimuscarinic used for the symptomatic treatment of visceral spasms. It is a muscarinic antagonist.
