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Restrict the search for
acetylcholine
to a specific field?
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Advantage® DUO by Nihon Tokushu Noyaku Seizo K. K.
Source URL:
First approved in 2006
Source:
NADA141251
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Imidacloprid is a systemic, chloro-nicotinyl insecticide used for the control of sucking insects such as fleas, aphids, whiteflies, termites, turf insects, soil insects, and some beetles. It is used on co on and vegetable crops as foliar and seed treatments, soil, structures, indoor and outdoor insect control, home gardening and pet products. It is indicated for the prevention of heartworm disease caused by Dirofilaria immitis. It kills adult fleas and is indicated for the treatment of flea infestations (Ctenocephalides felis). It is also indicated for the treatment and control of the following intestinal parasites Hookworm species, Roundworm species, Whipworms. Adverse events in animals included: malaise, vomiting, diarrhea, shaking, mydriasis, hypersalivation with abnormal neurologic signs, seizures, death, generalized hematoma of the body, and alopecia at the treatment site. Adverse reactions in humans included: burning, tingling, numbness, bad taste in the mouth, dizziness, and headache.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
capstar by Takeda Chemical Industries
Source URL:
First approved in 2000
Source:
NADA141175
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Nitenpyram is a neonicotinoid, a neurotoxin that blocks neural messages and used in agriculture and veterinary medicine to kill external parasites of pets. Imidacloprid act as agonists at the insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). The botanical insecticide nicotine acts at the same target without the neonicotinoid level of effectiveness or safety. Fundamental differences between the nAChRs of insects and mammals confer remarkable selectivity for the neonicotinoids. Whereas ionized nicotine binds at an anionic subsite in the mammalian nAChR, the negatively tipped ("magic" nitro or cyano) neonicotinoids interact with a proposed unique subsite consisting of cationic amino acid residue(s) in the insect nAChR. Nitenpyram was introduced into the United States in 1994 as a veterinary flea control treatment, structural pest and crop insecticide, and seed treatment. It has been used orally in dogs, cats, and some wildlife species for over 10 years. After ingestion, it begins killing adult fleas within 30 minutes, and effects continue for up to 48 hours. Though nitenpyram is used to kill adult fleas quickly on an infected animal, it does not kill insect eggs and has no long-term activity. Thus, it is not effective as a long-term flea preventative; however, it can be repeatedly applied over the course of several days to eradicate a single instance of infestation. Nitenpyram can be combined with a longer-term flea preventative like fipronil or lufenuron to prevent reinfestation. Neonicotinoids for veterinary use are considered to have a low order of toxicity for domestic animals and there are no reports of nitenpyram intoxication.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Pimethixene is an antihistamine exerting sedative and antitussive properties. Pimethixene displayed high affinity to serotonin 5-HT2A and 2B, histamine H1 and muscarinic acetylcholine M2 receptors. Oral pimethixene used to calm dry cough and irritation coughs in children.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Lofepramine is a tricyclic antidepressant that is structurally similar to imipramine and is extensively metabolised to desipramine. In the absence of other major pharmacological effects it appears that its antidepressant activity stems from the facilitation of noradrenergic neurotransmission by uptake inhibition, and possibly by the additional facilitation of serotoninergic neurotransmission. The overall therapeutic efficacy of lofepramine is comparable to that of imipramine, amitriptyline, clomipramine, maprotiline and mianserin in patients with depression of varying severity, and coexisting anxiety. Lofepramine is a strong inhibitor of norepinephrine reuptake (Ki=5.4 nM) and a moderate inhibitor of serotonin reuptake (Ki=70 nM). It is a weak-intermediate level antagonist of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.Lofepramine is licensed for the treatment of depression in the United Kingdom.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Butamisole by American Cyanamid
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Conditions:
Butamisole is an injectable imidazothiazoles anthelmintic. In dogs it is used for the treatment of infections with whipworms (Trichuris vulpis ), and the hookworm (Ancylostoma caninum ). Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist. Acts as agonist at nicotinic Ach receptor of nematode à ganglionic stimulation causes sustained muscle contraction initially followed by depolarising neuro muscular blockade which in turn leads to spastic paralysis.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Fosenazide (phosphabenzide, gidifen, hydiphen or hydrazide of diphenylphosphinylacetic acid) is a tranquilizer. It possesses the central N-cholinolytic, antiadrenergic and antiserotonin effects. Fosenazide is prescribed in Russia only for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Pirenzepine is a M1 muscarinic receptor antagonist, which is prescribed for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer in Europe. The drug preferentially acts on the gastric mucosa to inhibit secretion of both gastric acid and pepsin. Experiment with healthy volunteers demonstrated that pirenzepine passes the blood-brain barrier, but only to a small extent.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
NS-3 (montirelin, CG 3703) is an analog of thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH). More potent and longer acting than TRH, CG-3703 produced beneficial effects in animal models of concussion-induced unconsciousness, cerebral ischemia, memory disruption, spontaneous convulsions in rats, narcolepsy, and spinal trauma. Given its efficacy in these models, the potential indications were broadened to include seizures, nerve trauma, cognitive dysfunction, and sleep apnea.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Aprofene (widely known as aprophen or Апрофен (in Russia)), a Soviet drug, is an antagonist of muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. It had been used in Russia for the treatment of endarteritis (inflammation of the inner shell of the artery), peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, spastic colitis (inflammation of the colon characterized by sharp contractions), cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder) until was included in the list of psychotropic substances.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Butetamate is a cough suppressant. It exerts antispasmodic, bronchodilator and anticholinergic properties.
