Solpecainol [EGIS 2936, EGYT 2936] is a sodium channel antagonist with antianginal and class I antiarrhythmic effects. It was in phase II clinical trials with Egis Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of angina pectoris and arrhythmias, but this development was discontinued.

Rostafuroxin (PST 2238) is a digitoxygenin derivative, which selectively displaces ouabain from the Na ,K -ATPase receptor. PST 2238, at concentrations up to 10−4 M, did not show any significant interaction with a- and b-adrenergic, D1, D2, D3, 5-HT1, 5-HT2, H1, H2, M1, M2, A1, A2, Ca2 , Na , or K channel–associated receptors, AT1, AT2, ETa, ETb, GABA, thromboxane, vasopressin, angiotensin II, or the steorid-hormone receptors (androgen, progestogen, estrogen and mineralocorticoid), confirming that PST 2238 is specific for Na ,K -ATPase. Rostafuroxin has been developed in an attempt to unravel the contribution of mutated adducin and endogenous ouabain in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The compound lowered blood pressure in Milan hypertensive rats and humans. Rostafuroxine had been in phase II clinical trials for the treatment of hypertension. Following adverse events in Rostafuroxin group were described: dizziness, headache, upper respiratory tract infections, high blood pressure.

Stevaladil is a pregnanediol derivative patented by Shionogi & Co., Ltd. as antiparasitic agent

Dramedilol is a beta-blocker with peripheral vasodilative activity. Dramedilol had been under investigation for the treatment of hypertension. However, this study was discontinued.

Mindodilol (also known as BM 12,434) was investigated as a beta-adrenoceptor-blocking agent. This drug was potentially useful for the treatment of both coronary heart disease and of arterial hypertension. However, information about the further development of this drug is not available.

Meribendan is a phosphodiesterase-III inhibitor. It exerts chrono-inodilatory response.

Tolmesoxide is a member of a series of aryl sulphoxides, which were synthesized as potential anti-hypertensive agents. Studies in rats indicate that tolmesoxide lowers blood pressure by a direct relaxant effect on vascular smooth muscle. Tolmesoxide is approximately equipotent in dilating arterioles and noradrenaline constricted veins. Thus, tolmesoxide should be classified as a non-selective vasodilator. Tolmesoxide, in common with other vasodilators, has a short half-life, probably due to rapid metabolism as indicated by the early appearance of the major metabolite in the plasma. However, the relatively long duration of action (up to 12 h) contrasts with the short half-life and suggests that tolmesoxide has a specific mechanism of action of relatively long duration in the vascular walls in a manner suggested for hydralazine and minoxidil. The bioavailability of oral tolmesoxide from capsules averaged 84.5% and was independent of dose. Described side effects are: facial flushing, severe nausea, headaches and palpitations.

Dioxethedrin is the ephedrine derivative. It is the beta-adrenergic agonist. As a bronchodilator and sympathomimetic agent is was used in antitussive syrup Bexol.

Ubisindine is an antitussive, antiarrhythmic agent.

Recainam is an investigational Class I anti-arrhythmic agent that has been studied for its potential in treatment of heart rhythm disorders. No severe adverse events of intravenous recainam adminstration were reported in a study in patients with frequent ventricular premature complexes (extra heart beats) and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (abnormally fast heartbeat).