Homofenazine (or Pasaden) is a psycho sedative drug, developed in Germany.

Scientists at Parke-Davis first synthesized Pramiracetam (brand name Pramistar) in the late 1970’s. It was first tested with Alzheimer’s patients. Seeing mixed results, the company tried it with major depressive disorder and licensed it as an orphan drug to Menarini. Pramiracetam is a central nervous system stimulant and nootropic agent belonging to the racetam family of drugs. Pramistar is used for the treatment of concentration and memory disturbances caused by the degeneration of brain cells or to diseases of the blood vessels supplying the brain, conditions that arise both in elderly patients (aged over 65 years). By stimulating choline uptake, pramiracetam indirectly modulates the release of acetylcholine and stimulates increased activity in the hippocampus. Because this part of the brain is absolutely crucial to the memory function, the general stimulation that pramiracetam creates can improve both the formation of new memories and the retention of reference or long-term memories. The increased activity in the hippocampus also increases cerebral blood flow, which enhances alertness and improves cognitive abilities in general. Pramiracetam may have other mechanisms of action as well. Researchers have hypothesized that in addition to its action in the brain, pramiracetam acts outside the brain in peripheral sites that rely on the adrenal glands. Animal studies suggest that pramiracetam may also increase or restore brain membrane fluidity, which facilitates cell signaling. Unlike many other racetam class nootropics, pramiracetam does not appear to strongly alter either wakefulness or emotional states. This can be explained by pramiracetam’s very limited influence on the production and release of serotonin, GABA and dopamine, the neurotransmitters that have the greatest effect on mood and anxiety levels.

Neo-Gilurythmal (or prajmaline), an antiarrhythmic agent, which is used to treat angina pectoris, Wolff–Parkinson–White Syndrome and coronary artery disease. Neo-Gilurythmal found to be effective even in the case where other previously used antiarrhythmics were ineffective.

Lenapenem is an anti-bacterial agent that was tested in late 90's in phase II clinical trials against bacterial infections. Lenapenem was shown to be active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and exerted its therapeutic effect by inhibiting penicillin binding proteins. The development of the drug was terminated due to the safety reason.

Ioxitalamic acid is a contrast media, which was used as a meglumine salt under the name Telebrix for intravenous urography; computed tomography; digital angiography; angiocardiography (ventriculography, coronary angiography). The drug is no longer available on the market.

Proroxan is a non-selective а-adrenoblocker. Proroxan was found to prevent the development of hypertensive crises and improve cerebral bioelectrical parameters in most of hypertensive patients. Proroxan has been used as an antihypertensive and in the treatment of Ménière’s disease, motion sickness, and allergic dermatitis.

Iodoalphionic acid is the contrast medium, which was used for gallbladder examination. It is rarely appeared in the colon and, therefore, rarely masked the gallbladder. The density of the shadow produced by Iodoalphionic acid was greater than that produced by iodophthalein. It was reliable peroral cholecystographic medium, which was less objectionable to take and seldom causes vomiting. Diarrhoea occurred in some cases, but not more often than with tetraiodophenolphthalein. The ingestion of Iodoalphionic acid resulted in low thyroidal radioiodine accumulation for periods ranging from a few weeks to many months.

Minaprine, a psychotropic drug, which was effective in the treatment of various depressive states. This drug was withdrawn because of the serious side effect. It was found, that minaprine inhibited the following enzymes, acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase (MOA) A. It also binds to dopamine D1 and D2 receptors. Experiments on rodents also have revealed that minaprine suppressed the inhibitory effect of hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on dopamine (DA) release via the inhibition of 5-HT binding at the 5-HT2 receptor on the nerve terminal.

Nimustine is one of nitrosoureas used in the treatment of cancer. Nimustine alkylates and crosslinks DNA, thereby causing DNA fragmentation, inhibition of protein synthesis, and cell death. It is used in the treatment of brain tumor (in particular, high-grade gliomas), gastrointestinal cancers (stomach cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer), lung cancer, malignant lymphoma, chronic leukemia. Nimustine side effects are: leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoproteinemia, anemia, Increased bleeding, proteinuria, interstitial pneumonia, anorexia, stomatitis, nausea, vomiting, general weakness, fever, headache, dizziness, seizures, alopecia, allergic reactions (rash).

Ecabet is an anti-ulcer agent, marketed in Japan as an oral agent for treatment of gastric ulcers and gastritis. Ecabet eradicates Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric ulcer patients. Antibacterial effect of ecabet is demonstrated at low pH, is mediated by inhibition of bacterial urease and accompanied by interference with TLR4 signaling and pepsin inhibition. Ecabet is also investigated for the treatment of dry eye syndrome.