Hydroxytyrosol is an important phenolic compound obtained from olive oil. Hydroxytyrosol possesses anti-inflammatory properties and has the capacity to inhibit cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes. Hydroxytyrosol is a powerful antioxidant due to its protective function in cells. Hydroxytyrosol protects the cardiovascular system, avoiding oxidation of LDL cholesterol, maintaining normal blood HDL cholesterol concentrations and thus preventing atherosclerosis. Hydroxytyrosol protects brain cells from lipid peroxidation because it easy penetrates through the blood-brain barrier. Thus, the compound can be used in the disease treatment of Alzheimer or Parkinson. In addition, the compound also helps to prevent osteoporosis because its consumption has positive effects on the formation and growth of bones. Hydroxytyrosol is under investigation phase II clinical trials for breast cancer women to evaluate its effect on mammographic density. The recently published article has shown hydroxytyrosol could prevent obesity and insulin resistance by altering the composition of the intestinal microbiota and improving the integrity of the intestinal wall.

Amanozine (W-1191-2) is a triazine diuretic compound.

Alilusem (M17055) is under development as a novel loop diuretic for oral administration. M17055 has a potent diuretic effect and can be categorized as a loop diuretic that inhibits both the cotransport of Na+, K+, and 2Cl
- at the thick ascending Henle’s loop and the reabsorption of Na+ at the distal tubule cells in the kidney. Structure of M17055 is different from those of other loop diuretics; M17055, which has a sulfate group in its structure is soluble and well absorbed, and its bioavailability in humans is 42-60% (unpublished observation). Considering that the pKa of M17055 is 2.39, almost of M17055 would be in ionized form at physiological pH in the small intestine. In humans, the major elimination route of M17055 is renal excretion, 59-72% of the dose being recovered in unchanged form in urine; the remainder is thought to be metabolized by both CYP3A4 and CYP2C9.

Pentifylline is an active vasodilating substance which does not affect blood sugar levels. Pentifylline inhibits the soluble and the particulate cyclic AMP phosphodiesterases from bovine platelets and rat brain ATPase. The inhibition of ATPase by pentifylline was not influenced by the change in Na /K ratio. Pentifylline in combination with Nicotinic acid indicated for the treatment of Cerebral circulatory disorders and Circulatory disorders of the eye. Pentifylline is well tolerated but it is recommended that blood pressure be monitored and if there is a severe drop in blood pressure, a drip infusion of plasma expander be administered. Coagulation states should also be closely watched.

Ramatroban is a dual antagonist of thromboxane A2 receptor and PGD2 receptor. The drug was developed by Bayer and tested for the treatment of asthma and allergic rhinitis. In Japan ramatroban reached final approval and is being marketed under the name Baynas. In vitro studies have shown that the drug effectively inhibits smooth muscle cells contraction.

Clofenamide is a benzenedisulfonamide-based agent and carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor with diuretic activity. Clofenamide inhibits CA, thereby preventing sodium, bicarbonate and thus water reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule resulting in diuresis.

Clopamide is a thiazide diuretic which helps in removing fluid from the body. Clopamide is used in treatment of hypertension and edema.

Zidapamide (1-methyl-2-(3'-sulphenyl-4'-chlorobenzamido)-isoindoline) is an isoindoline derivative exerting diuretic, salutaric and hypotensive activity.

Fluindione under the brand name Previscan, an oral anticoagulant, belongs to the vitamin K antagonist class and widely used in France. This drug is indicated to treat the thromboembolic diseases, the deep venous thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism.