Nalidixic acid is a quinolone antibacterial indicated for the treatment of urinary tract infections. Nalidixic acid has marked antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria including Enterobacter species, Escherichia coli, Morganella Morganii; Proteus Mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, and Providencia rettgeri. Pseudomonas species are generally resistant to the drug. It is suggested that nalidixic acid acts by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase.

Padimate O is an organic compound related to the water-soluble compound PABA (4-aminobenzoic acid) that is used as an ingredient in some sunscreens. this chemical releases free radicals, damages DNA, has estrogenic activity, and causes allergic reactions in some people. Maximum FDA-approved concentration - 8%. Range of protection - UVB.

Iopanoic acid and ipodate salts have been used for oral cholangiography to visualize the biliary ducts. Ipodate salts have been used for the long-term treatment of Graves' disease and in hyperthyroidism. Ipodate reduced levels of T3 and T4 in the patients. Ipodate also inhibits the conversion of T4 to T3. It is not considered a first-line approach. Ipodate sodium lacks FDA approval for these uses. During investigation of mechanism of action was discovered, that binding of sodium ipodate with nuclear T3 receptors was not a prominent mechanism via which the drug attenuates T3 effects in vivo. Sodium ipodate could enhance T3 effects at the cellular level and that enhancement could not be reflected by routinely monitored serum TSH.

Phytic acid is a major phosphorus storage compound of most seeds and cereal grains. It has the strong ability to chelate multivalent metal ions, especially zinc, calcium, and iron. Phytic acid is also considered to be a natural antioxidant and is suggested to have potential functions of reducing lipid peroxidation and as a preservative in foods. Clathrin-associated adaprot complex AP-2 has it been suggested may act as one of the receptor sites for Phytic acid. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments have demonstrated striking anticancer (preventive as well as therapeutic) effects of Phytic acid.

Thiocyanic acid, also known as hydrogen thiocyanate, is a hydracid that is cyanic acid in which the oxygen is replaced by a sulfur atom. It has a role as an Escherichia coli metabolite. It is a hydracid, a one-carbon compound and an organosulfur compound. It is a conjugate acid of a thiocyanate. It is a tautomer of an isothiocyanic acid. In the past, thiocyanate was used therapeutically to treat severe hypertension, but the results of this therapy were inconsistent from clinic to clinic, and even within a single study. Thiocyanate is believed to play a role in an endogenous antibacterial system (lactoperoxidase/thiocyanate/hydrogen peroxide system) present in milk. It has been added commercially to some milk preparations as an antibacterial agent.

Pelargonic acid (also called as nonanoic acid), a naturally found in a variety of plants and food products is a cosmetic ingredient, that function as skin-conditioning agent. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved pelargonic acid as a food additive, and as an ingredient in solutions used commercially to peel fruits and vegetables. FDA considers it safe for humans to eat food containing small amounts of pelargonic acid.

Potassium Aminosalicylate is the potassium salt form of aminosalicylic acid, an analog of aminobenzoic acid used to treat tuberculosis. There are two mechanisms responsible for aminosalicylic acid's bacteriostatic action against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Firstly, aminosalicylic acid inhibits folic acid synthesis (without potentiation with antifolic compounds). The binding of para-aminobenzoic acid to pteridine synthetase acts as the first step in the folic acid synthesis. Aminosalicylic acid binds pteridine synthetase with greater affinity than para-aminobenzoic acid, effectively inhibiting the synthesis of folic acid. As bacteria are unable to use external sources of folic acid, cell growth and multiplication slow. Secondly, aminosalicylic acid may inhibit the synthesis of the cell wall component, mycobactin, thus reducing iron uptake by M. tuberculosis. Specifically, Potassium Aminosalicylate is used to treat active drug-resistant tuberculosis together with other antituberculosis medications. Potassium Aminosalicylate t has also been used as a second line agent to sulfasalazine in people with inflammatory bowel disease such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

Acetrizoic acid (trade names Gastrografina, Urografina in Portugal) is a palatable lemon-flavored water-soluble iodinated radiopaque X-ray contrast medium for oral or rectal administration only. Acetrizoic acid is indicated for radiographic examination of segments of the gastrointestinal tract (esophagus, stomach, proximal small intestine, and colon). The preparation is particularly indicated when a more viscous agent such as barium sulfate, which is not water-soluble, is not feasible or is potentially dangerous. Administration of hypertonic Gastrografin solutions may lead to hypovolemia and hypotension due to fluid loss from the intestine.

Iopanoic acid is a representative iodinated ionic monomeric contrast medium.