(R)-Naproxen is an enantiomer of the more active (S)-Naproxen, the last belongs to the class of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. (S)- and (R)-naproxen represent useful substrates to distinguish different glucuronosyl transferases isozymes.

Naproxen methyl ester, a mixture of two isomers R and S, is the precursor of therapeutically important nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug naproxen. Naproxen methyl ester can be enantioselectively hydrolyzed by lipases or (S)-enantioselective esterase could catalyze the selective hydrolysis of the (S)-Naproxen methyl ester, giving optically pure (S)-naproxen. In addition, S-naproxen methyl ester is used as a tool for identification and determination of new stereo selective carboxylesterase activities.

PMX464 (previously known as AW464) is one of a group of (hetero) aromatic 4-hydroxycyclohexa-2,5-dienones (‘quinols'), which inhibit thioredoxin-1 (Trx) redox cycling by forming an irreversible complex with the active-site thiol groups in the reduced form of Trx. It was shown that PMX464 inhibits the proliferation of tumor cell lines and endothelial cells.

Trolox (6-Hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid) is a synthetic Vitamin E analog exerting antioxidant properties. Trolox is widely used for estimation of antioxidant capacity in the assay based on electron transfer reaction. Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay is based on the suppression of the absorbance of radical cations of 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6-sulfonate) (ABTS) by antioxidants in the test sample when ABTS incubates with a peroxidase (metmyoglobin) and hydrogen peroxide.

1,12-Dodecanediamine (Dytek-12) is a 12 carbon aliphatic diamine. It is a highly versatile polymer monomer and chemical intermediate that is useful in the manufacture of a variety of products.

Cobaltous 2-ethylhexanoate (cobalt octoate) is an accelerator in the polyester resins. There have been several reports of allergic contact dermatitis resulting from cobaltous 2-ethylhexanoate. It was demonstrated, that cobalt octoate induced DNA strand breakage in vitro (in human cells), but the damage appeared to be explained by oxidative damage resulting from reactive oxygen species, probably caused by the cobalt cation.

AC 264613 is a potent and selective protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) agonist. PAR2 also known as coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 1 (F2RL1) involves in the vascular tone regulation and was shown that PAR2 plays a pivotal role in vessel inflammation and wound healing processes. AC 264613 displays no activity at other PAR subtypes and exhibits no significant activity at over 30 other receptors implicated in nociception and inflammation.

Copper selenite is used as a catalyst in the Kjeldahl digestion of nitrogenous materials.

There is not information in the scientific papers related to the pharmacological and biological properties of bimatoprost acid methyl ester.

JWH-250 or (1-pentyl-3-(2-methoxyphenylacetyl)indole) is an analgesic chemical from the phenylacetylindole family that acts as a cannabinoid agonist at both the CB1 and CB2 receptors, with a Ki of 11 nM at CB1 and 33 nM at CB2. JWH-250 does not have any therapeutic application, however it is found in many herbal products that are smoked for their psychoactive effects. JWH-250 is a controlled substance by FDA.