Potassium guaiacolsulfonate also known as sulfoguaiacolum is a salt of GUAIACOLSULFONIC ACID, which is used as an expectorant, to relieve symptoms of cough and mucus in the chest due to respiratory infections, asthma, colds, or hay fever. It works by thinning mucus (phlegm) in the lungs, making it less sticky and easier to cough up. This reduces chest congestion by making coughs more productive.

Metamfepramone (dimethylcathinone, dimethylpropion, and dimepropion) was synthesized by various routes in the 1930s and 1940s and clinically evaluated as anorectic as well as a treatment of hypotension and symptoms of the common cold. It was widely used for the treatment of the common cold or hypotonic conditions. Due to its stimulating properties and its rapid metabolism resulting in major degradation products such as methylpseudoephedrine and methcathinone, it has been considered relevant for doping controls by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Metamfepramone was marketed as an appetite suppressant, but was made illegal in 2006.

Echinacoside is a caffeic acid glycoside which is constituted from a trisaccharide consisting of two glucose and one rhamnose moieties glycosidically linked to one caffeic acid and on hydroxytyrosol residue at the centrally situated rhamnose. Echinacoside is the basic component of the roots of E. angustifolia and E. pallida, ranging from 0.5 to 1.0%. Echinacoside is reported to possess the immunostimulatory and high antioxidant activities

Cyclopentamine is a sympathomimetic alkylamine, classified as a vasoconstrictor. Cyclopentamine was indicated in the past as an over-the-counter medication for use as a nasal decongestant, notably in Europe and Australia, but has now been largely discontinued possibly due to the availability, effectiveness, and safety of a structurally similar drug, propylhexedrine used for relief of congestion due to colds, common cold, hay fever, or other allergies. Cyclopentamine acts as a releasing agent of the catecholamine neurotransmitters norepinephrine (noradrenaline), epinephrine (adrenaline), and dopamine. Cyclopentamine effects on norepinephrine and epinephrine mediate its decongestant effects, while its effects on all three neurotransmitters are responsible for its stimulant properties. Cyclopentamine was acting as nonspecific spasmolytic, similar to papaverine, in the rabbit ileum. It was demonstrated that cyclopentamine was a very weak alpha-adrenergic receptor stimulant and a weak beta-adrenergic receptor blocker. Cyclopentamine also potentiated the auto-inhibition produced by high doses of isoproterenol and the effect lasted as long as the autoinhibition persisted. It was suggested that the blockade by both drugs was the result of a direct action on the beta receptors. When ingested orally in sufficient quantities, cyclopentamine produces similar effects to amphetamine, methamphetamine, and propylhexedrine.

Salicylamide is a non-prescription drug with analgesic and antipyretic properties (NSAID). It is used in combination with aspirin and caffeine in the over-the-counter pain remedies (such as EXAPRIN). Salicylamide can produce sedation and sleep in humans and animals. Has been used as model drug in pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies as a dophamine 2 receptor ligand. Salicylamide is a white or light pink crystals or powder. Organic compound it is a carboxamide derivative of salicylic acid.

Etafedrine, a sympathomimetic agent that acts on the sympathetic receptors of the bronchial tree relaxing spasm in a manner similar to that of ephedrine, is a bronchodilator and a selective β2-adrenoreceptor agonist. Contraction of the guinea pig tracheal chain by acetylcholine or histamine was antagonized by etafedrine with a higher potency then ephedrine but with a lower potency than epinephrine (adrenaline). Etafedrine did not increase heart rate or force of contraction in guinea pig atria. Unlike ephedrine and tyramine, etafedrine did not induce the release of noradrenaline as was demonstrated in vitro in the perfused rabbit heart and instead acted as a selective β2 adrenoreceptor agonist. Etafedrine also belongs to the family of medications called decongestants. It works by narrowing blood vessels in the nasal passages, helping to relieve nasal stuffiness. Etafedrine has been used in pharmaceutical compositions, such as NETHAPRIN Expectorant, Nethaprin Dospan and Dalmacol, useful in the treatment of asthma and other respiratory disorders including chronic bronchitis.

Ethenzamide is an anti-inflammatory agent that was used for the treatment of common cold in Japan (in combinations with other NSAIDs).

Troxerutin (TXN) is a flavonoid present in tea, coffee, cereal grains, and a variety of fruits and vegetables. It inhibits the agglomeration of blood platelets and red blood cells; prevents thrombogenesis; protects endothelial cells; and enhances microcirculation. It possess anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. Troxerutin protected different cell types (epithelial cells, fibroblasts and lymphocytes) against peroxyl radical-induced apoptosis, necrosis and mitotic death. It scavenged intracellular basal and inducible ROS levels and also restored depletion of intracellular GSH levels. Troxerutin might provide a safe and effective treatment for rhinorrhea in the common cold deserves systematic evaluation. The use of a mixture of troxerutin, diosmin and hesperidin is a safe and effective mean of managing symptoms of acute hemorrhoidal disease. Troxerutin is used for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency.

Monolaurin, derived naturally from coconut, is a source of the medium chain fatty acid lauric acid. Monolaurin has been widely researched for its antiviral, antibacterial, and antimicrobial properties, as it can break down and destroy the lipid layer of enveloped viruses where many pharmaceuticals fail. Fatty acids and monoglycerides produce their killing/inactivating effects by several mechanisms. An early postulated mechanism was the perturbing of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer. The antiviral action attributed to monolaurin is that of fluidizing the structure in the envelope of the virus, causing the disintegration of the microbial membrane. More recent studies, indicate that one antimicrobial effect in bacteria is related to monolaurin's interference with signal transduction/toxin formation. Another antimicrobial effect in viruses is due to lauric acid's interference with virus assembly and viral maturation. The third mode of action may be on the immune system itself. Monolaurin does not appear to have an adverse effect on desirable gut bacteria, but rather on only potentially pathogenic microorganisms. It is classified by the FDA as "generally regarded as safe" (GRAS).

Levopropylhexedrine acts similar to amphetamine, at therapeutic doses has anorexigenic effect.