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Restrict the search for
betaine
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There is one exact (name or code) match for betaine
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2021)
Source:
ANDA214864
(2021)
Source URL:
First marketed in 1880
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Betaine is a methyl derivative of glycine first isolated from the juice of sugar beets. Betaine is found in many common foods, but concentrated significantly in beets, spinach, wheat foods, and shellfish. In addition, betaine can be synthesized within the human body. Betaine participates in the methionine cycle, which produces vital biomolecules including proteins, hormones, phospholipids, polyamines, and nutrients. Betaine is used as a dietary supplement and has a beneficial effect on the human health. In the USA, FDA approved a betaine-containing drug Cystadane for the treatment of homocystinuria. The drug acts as a methyl group donor in the remethylation of homocysteine to methionine.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2021)
Source:
ANDA214864
(2021)
Source URL:
First marketed in 1880
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Betaine is a methyl derivative of glycine first isolated from the juice of sugar beets. Betaine is found in many common foods, but concentrated significantly in beets, spinach, wheat foods, and shellfish. In addition, betaine can be synthesized within the human body. Betaine participates in the methionine cycle, which produces vital biomolecules including proteins, hormones, phospholipids, polyamines, and nutrients. Betaine is used as a dietary supplement and has a beneficial effect on the human health. In the USA, FDA approved a betaine-containing drug Cystadane for the treatment of homocystinuria. The drug acts as a methyl group donor in the remethylation of homocysteine to methionine.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2011)
Source:
ANDA077555
(2011)
Source URL:
First approved in 1997
Source:
NDA020646
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Tiagabine (trade name Gabitril) is an anticonvulsant medication used in the treatment of Partial Seizures. The precise mechanism by which Tiagabine exerts its antiseizure effect is unknown, although it is believed to be related to its ability to enhance the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Tiagabine binds to recognition sites associated with the GABA uptake carrier. It is thought that, by this action, Tiagabine blocks GABA uptake into presynaptic neurons, permitting more GABA to be available for receptor binding on the surfaces of post-synaptic cells. Tiagabine is approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as an adjunctive treatment for partial seizures in individuals of age 12 and up. It may also be prescribed off-label by physicians to treat anxiety disorders and panic disorder as well as neuropathic pain (including fibromyalgia). For anxiety and neuropathic pain, tiagabine is used primarily to augment other treatments. Tiagabine may be used alongside selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, or benzodiazepines for anxiety, or antidepressants, gabapentin, other anticonvulsants, or opioids for neuropathic pain. The most common side effect of tiagabine is dizziness. Other side effects that have been observed with a rate of statistical significance relative to placebo include asthenia, somnolence, nervousness, memory impairment, tremor, headache, diarrhea, and depression.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(1979)
Source:
NDA018206
(1979)
Source URL:
First marketed in 1921
Source:
Syrup of Ferrous Iodide U.S.P.
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Iron(II) gluconate (also known as a ferrous gluconate) is used in the treatment of hypochromic anemia. The real problem of iron therapy is not the theoretical utilization of iron, or the reticulocyte response, or even the daily increase of hemoglobin. These are important only as they indicate the return of the patients' blood to normal in a reasonably short time without undue inconvenience. Most patients suffering from hypochromic anemia respond well to most forms of iron when administered in adequate dosage. For the patients who cannot tolerate the usual iron compounds, it is important to have a medication which is effective and which causes minimum disturbance. Ferrous gluconate is such a medicament.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(1983)
Source:
ANDA087943
(1983)
Source URL:
First marketed in 1921
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Since its discovery as component of the tea leaf by Albert Kossel in 1888, the history of theophylline (CAS 58-55-9) has been a long and successful one. At the turn of the century, theophylline became less expensive due to chemical synthesis and was primarily used as diuretic in subsequent years. It was Samuel Hirsch who discovered the bronchospasmolytic effect of theophylline in 1992, however, despite this pioneering discovery theophylline continued to be used primarily as diuretic and cardiac remedy. The molecular mechanism of bronchodilatation is inhibition of phosphodiesterase(PDE)3 and PDE4, but the anti-inflammatory effect may be due to histone deacetylase (HDAC) activation, resulting in switching off of activated inflammatory genes.
Theophylline is indicated for the treatment of acute exacerbations of the symptoms and reversible airflow obstruction associated with asthma and other chronic lung diseases, e.g., emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Status:
US Approved OTC
Source:
21 CFR 331.11(e) antacid:citrate-containing citrate (containing active ingredients: citrate ion, as citric acid or salt)
Source URL:
First marketed in 1921
Source:
Potassium Citrate U.S.P.
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Potassium citrate is indicated for the management of renal tubular acidosis with calcium stones, hypocitraturic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis of any etiology, uric acid lithiasis with or without calcium stones. WhenPotassium citrate is given orally, the metabolism of absorbed citrate produces an alkaline load. The induced alkaline load in turn increases urinary pH and raises urinary citrate by augmenting citrate clearance without measurably altering ultrafilterable serum citrate. Thus, potassium citrate therapy appears to increase urinary citrate principally by modifying the renal handling of citrate, rather than by increasing the filtered load of citrate. Potassium citrate is used as a food additive (E 332) to regulate acidity.
Status:
US Approved OTC
Source:
21 CFR 358.110(b) wart remover:collodoin-like vehicle salicylic acid
Source URL:
First marketed in 1860
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Methyl salicylate (or methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate), also known as wintergreen oil, is a natural product and is present in white wine, tea, porcini mushroom Boletus edulis, Bourbon vanilla, clary sage, red sage and fruits including cherry, apple, raspberry, papaya and plum. Methyl salicylate is topically used in combination with methanol and under brand name SALONPAS to temporarily relieves mild to moderate aches and pains of muscles and joints associated with: strains, sprains, simple backache, arthritis, bruises. The precise mechanism of action of methyl salicylate is not known, but there is suggested, that it cause dilation of the capillaries thereby increasing blood flow to the area.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
NCT01489618: Phase 2 Interventional Terminated Common Variable Immunodeficiency
(2009)
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Status:
Investigational
Source:
INN:pendecamaine [INN]
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Pendecamaine, a zwitterionic agent that was used as an ampholytic surface-active agent in surgical scrubs and in cosmetic and toilet preparations. Information about the current use of this drug is not available.
