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Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C7H8N4O2
Molecular Weight 180.164
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of THEOPHYLLINE ANHYDROUS

SMILES

CN1C2=C(N=CN2)C(=O)N(C)C1=O

InChI

InChIKey=ZFXYFBGIUFBOJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C7H8N4O2/c1-10-5-4(8-3-9-5)6(12)11(2)7(10)13/h3H,1-2H3,(H,8,9)

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula C7H8N4O2
Molecular Weight 180.164
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Description
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9676340 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27713276

Since its discovery as component of the tea leaf by Albert Kossel in 1888, the history of theophylline (CAS 58-55-9) has been a long and successful one. At the turn of the century, theophylline became less expensive due to chemical synthesis and was primarily used as diuretic in subsequent years. It was Samuel Hirsch who discovered the bronchospasmolytic effect of theophylline in 1992, however, despite this pioneering discovery theophylline continued to be used primarily as diuretic and cardiac remedy. The molecular mechanism of bronchodilatation is inhibition of phosphodiesterase(PDE)3 and PDE4, but the anti-inflammatory effect may be due to histone deacetylase (HDAC) activation, resulting in switching off of activated inflammatory genes. Theophylline is indicated for the treatment of acute exacerbations of the symptoms and reversible airflow obstruction associated with asthma and other chronic lung diseases, e.g., emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Originator

Curator's Comment: Albert Kossel discovered theophylline as a component of the tea leaf

Approval Year

TargetsConditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
THEOPHYLLINE AND DEXTROSE 5% IN PLASTIC CONTAINER

Approved Use

Theophylline is indicated for the treatment of the symptoms and reversible airflow obstruction associated with chronic asthma and other chronic lung diseases, e.g., emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Launch Date

3.96489589E11
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
7.3 μg/mL
200 mg single, oral
dose: 200 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THEOPHYLLINE serum
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
95.5 μg × h/mL
200 mg single, oral
dose: 200 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THEOPHYLLINE serum
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
8.51 h
200 mg single, oral
dose: 200 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THEOPHYLLINE serum
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
Funbound

Funbound

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
41%
200 mg single, oral
dose: 200 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THEOPHYLLINE serum
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FASTED
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
20 mg/mL steady, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 20 mg/mL
Route: intravenous
Route: steady
Dose: 20 mg/mL
Sources: Page: p.500
unhealthy, 39 years (51 % < 40 years)
n = 87
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: COPD|asthma
Age Group: 39 years (51 % < 40 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 87
Sources: Page: p.500
Disc. AE: Vomiting...
Other AEs: Vomiting...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Vomiting (grade 3, 5.75%)
Other AEs:
Vomiting (12.64%)
Sources: Page: p.500
1200 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 1200 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 1200 mg, 1 times / day
Sources: Page: p.149
unhealthy, 66 ± 9
n = 6
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: COPD
Age Group: 66 ± 9
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 6
Sources: Page: p.149
Disc. AE: Gastrointestinal discomfort, Supraventricular tachycardia...
Other AEs: Tremor, Nervousness...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Gastrointestinal discomfort (grade 3, 16.7%)
Supraventricular tachycardia (grade 3, 16.7%)
Other AEs:
Tremor (16.7%)
Nervousness (16.7%)
Dysrhythmias (grade 1, 16.7%)
Sources: Page: p.149
800 mg single, oral
Recommended
Dose: 800 mg
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 800 mg
Sources: Page: p.146
unhealthy, 66 ± 9
n = 6
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: COPD
Age Group: 66 ± 9
Sex: M
Population Size: 6
Sources: Page: p.146
800 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 800 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 800 mg, 1 times / day
Sources: Page: p.148
unhealthy, 66 ± 9
n = 16
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: COPD
Age Group: 66 ± 9
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 16
Sources: Page: p.148
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Sources:
Other AEs: Generalized epileptic seizure, Cardiac arrhythmias...
Other AEs:
Generalized epileptic seizure (grade 4-5)
Cardiac arrhythmias (grade 4-5)
Calcium increased serum
Creatine kinase increased
Blood myoglobin increased
Leukocyte count increased
Serum phosphate decreased
Magnesium serum decreased
Acute myocardial infarction
Obstructive uropathy
Cardio-respiratory arrest (grade 5)
Hypoxic encephalopathy (grade 5)
Sources:
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 102
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 102
Sources:
Other AEs: Vomiting, Abdominal pain...
Other AEs:
Vomiting (61%)
Abdominal pain (12%)
Diarrhea (14%)
Hematemesis (2%)
Hypokalemia (43%)
Acid-base balance abnoraml (9%)
Sinus tachycardia (62%)
Supraventricular tachycardia (14%)
Premature ventricular ectopic beats (19%)
Hypotension (8%)
Nervousness (21%)
Tremor (14%)
Disorientation (11%)
Seizures (5%)
Sources:
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 92
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 92
Sources:
Other AEs: Vomiting, Hypokalemia...
Other AEs:
Vomiting (30%)
Hypokalemia (44%)
Hyperglycemia (18%)
Acid-base balance abnoraml (9%)
Sinus tachycardia (100%)
Supraventricular tachycardia (12%)
Premature ventricular ectopic beats (10%)
Atrial flutter/ fibrillation (12%)
Multifocal atrial tachycardia (2%)
Hemodynamic instability (40%)
Tremor (16%)
Seizures (14%)
Sources:
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 14
Other AEs: Abdominal pain, Rhabdomyolysis...
Other AEs:
Abdominal pain (21%)
Rhabdomyolysis (7%)
Hypotension (21%)
Nervousness (64%)
Disorientation (7%)
Sources:
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 157
Other AEs: Vomiting, Hypokalemia...
Other AEs:
Vomiting (73%)
Hypokalemia (85%)
Hyperglycemia (98%)
Acid-base balance abnoraml (34%)
Sinus tachycardia (100%)
Supraventricular tachycardia (2%)
Premature ventricular ectopic beats (3%)
Atrial flutter/ fibrillation (1%)
Hemodynamic instability (7%)
Tremor (38%)
Seizures (5%)
Sources:
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Vomiting 12.64%
20 mg/mL steady, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 20 mg/mL
Route: intravenous
Route: steady
Dose: 20 mg/mL
Sources: Page: p.500
unhealthy, 39 years (51 % < 40 years)
n = 87
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: COPD|asthma
Age Group: 39 years (51 % < 40 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 87
Sources: Page: p.500
Vomiting grade 3, 5.75%
Disc. AE
20 mg/mL steady, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 20 mg/mL
Route: intravenous
Route: steady
Dose: 20 mg/mL
Sources: Page: p.500
unhealthy, 39 years (51 % < 40 years)
n = 87
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: COPD|asthma
Age Group: 39 years (51 % < 40 years)
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 87
Sources: Page: p.500
Nervousness 16.7%
1200 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 1200 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 1200 mg, 1 times / day
Sources: Page: p.149
unhealthy, 66 ± 9
n = 6
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: COPD
Age Group: 66 ± 9
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 6
Sources: Page: p.149
Tremor 16.7%
1200 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 1200 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 1200 mg, 1 times / day
Sources: Page: p.149
unhealthy, 66 ± 9
n = 6
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: COPD
Age Group: 66 ± 9
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 6
Sources: Page: p.149
Dysrhythmias grade 1, 16.7%
1200 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 1200 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 1200 mg, 1 times / day
Sources: Page: p.149
unhealthy, 66 ± 9
n = 6
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: COPD
Age Group: 66 ± 9
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 6
Sources: Page: p.149
Gastrointestinal discomfort grade 3, 16.7%
Disc. AE
1200 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 1200 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 1200 mg, 1 times / day
Sources: Page: p.149
unhealthy, 66 ± 9
n = 6
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: COPD
Age Group: 66 ± 9
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 6
Sources: Page: p.149
Supraventricular tachycardia grade 3, 16.7%
Disc. AE
1200 mg 1 times / day steady, oral
Recommended
Dose: 1200 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: steady
Dose: 1200 mg, 1 times / day
Sources: Page: p.149
unhealthy, 66 ± 9
n = 6
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: COPD
Age Group: 66 ± 9
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 6
Sources: Page: p.149
Acute myocardial infarction
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Sources:
Blood myoglobin increased
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Sources:
Calcium increased serum
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Sources:
Creatine kinase increased
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Sources:
Leukocyte count increased
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Sources:
Magnesium serum decreased
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Sources:
Obstructive uropathy
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Sources:
Serum phosphate decreased
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Sources:
Cardiac arrhythmias grade 4-5
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Sources:
Generalized epileptic seizure grade 4-5
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Sources:
Cardio-respiratory arrest grade 5
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Sources:
Hypoxic encephalopathy grade 5
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Sources:
Disorientation 11%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 102
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 102
Sources:
Abdominal pain 12%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 102
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 102
Sources:
Diarrhea 14%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 102
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 102
Sources:
Supraventricular tachycardia 14%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 102
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 102
Sources:
Tremor 14%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 102
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 102
Sources:
Premature ventricular ectopic beats 19%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 102
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 102
Sources:
Hematemesis 2%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 102
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 102
Sources:
Nervousness 21%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 102
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 102
Sources:
Hypokalemia 43%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 102
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 102
Sources:
Seizures 5%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 102
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 102
Sources:
Vomiting 61%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 102
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 102
Sources:
Sinus tachycardia 62%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 102
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 102
Sources:
Hypotension 8%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 102
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 102
Sources:
Acid-base balance abnoraml 9%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 102
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 102
Sources:
Premature ventricular ectopic beats 10%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 92
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 92
Sources:
Sinus tachycardia 100%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 92
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 92
Sources:
Atrial flutter/ fibrillation 12%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 92
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 92
Sources:
Supraventricular tachycardia 12%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 92
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 92
Sources:
Seizures 14%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 92
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 92
Sources:
Tremor 16%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 92
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 92
Sources:
Hyperglycemia 18%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 92
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 92
Sources:
Multifocal atrial tachycardia 2%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 92
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 92
Sources:
Vomiting 30%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 92
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 92
Sources:
Hemodynamic instability 40%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 92
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 92
Sources:
Hypokalemia 44%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 92
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 92
Sources:
Acid-base balance abnoraml 9%
1600 mg 1 times / day multiple, oral (max)
Overdose
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 1600 mg, 1 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
n = 92
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: asthma|emphysema|chronic bronchitis
Population Size: 92
Sources:
Abdominal pain 21%
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 14
Hypotension 21%
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 14
Nervousness 64%
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 14
Disorientation 7%
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 14
Rhabdomyolysis 7%
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 14
Atrial flutter/ fibrillation 1%
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 157
Sinus tachycardia 100%
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 157
Supraventricular tachycardia 2%
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 157
Premature ventricular ectopic beats 3%
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 157
Acid-base balance abnoraml 34%
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 157
Tremor 38%
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 157
Seizures 5%
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 157
Hemodynamic instability 7%
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 157
Vomiting 73%
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 157
Hypokalemia 85%
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 157
Hyperglycemia 98%
10 mg/kg single, oral (min)
Overdose
unknown
n = 157
Sourcing

Sourcing

Vendor/AggregatorIDURL
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Successful resuscitation of a verapamil-intoxicated patient with percutaneous cardiopulmonary bypass.
1999 Dec
Effects of Saiko-ka-ryukotsu-borei-to, a Japanese Kampo medicine, on tachycardia and central nervous system stimulation induced by theophylline in rats and mice.
1999 Mar
Effects of theophylline, dexamethasone and salbutamol on cytokine gene expression in human peripheral blood CD4+ T-cells.
1999 Nov
Theophylline-induced convulsions in children with epilepsy.
2000 Apr
Theophylline and cisplatin synergize in down regulation of BCL-2 induction of apoptosis in human granulosa cells transformed by a mutated p53 (p53 val135) and Ha-ras oncogene.
2000 Aug
Computerised advice on drug dosage to improve prescribing practice.
2001
Oral methyl-xanthines for bronchiectasis.
2001
Methyl-xanthines for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
2001
A comparison of reflectance and transmittance near-infrared spectroscopic techniques in determining drug content in intact tablets.
2001
A novel method for measuring gel strength of controlled release hydrogel tablets using a cone/plate rheometer.
2001
Rat ventral prostate xanthine oxidase bioactivation of ethanol to acetaldehyde and 1-hydroxyethyl free radicals: analysis of its potential role in heavy alcohol drinking tumor-promoting effects.
2001
Differential effects of fluvoxamine and other antidepressants on the biotransformation of melatonin.
2001 Apr
How to safeguard delivery of high-alert i.v. drugs.
2001 Feb
Caffeine metabolism before and after liver transplantation.
2001 Feb
Mechanism of prolonged vasorelaxation to ATP in the rat isolated mesenteric arterial bed.
2001 Feb
Age-related differences in messenger ribonucleic acid expression of key proteins involved in adipose cell differentiation and metabolism.
2001 Feb
Distinct modulation of evoked and spontaneous EPSCs by purinoceptors in the nucleus tractus solitarii of the rat.
2001 Feb 1
The calcium-dependent [3H]acetylcholine release from synaptosomes of brown trout (Salmo trutta) optic tectum is inhibited by adenosine A1 receptors: effects of enucleation on A1 receptor density and cholinergic markers.
2001 Feb 16
[Theophylline in the treatment of sleep-related breathing disorders].
2001 Jan
Caffeine metabolism in a group of 67 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.
2001 Jan
Relationships between lipolysis induced by various lipolytic agents and hormone-sensitive lipase in rat fat cells.
2001 Jan
Severe hyponatremia induced by theophylline and trimethoprim.
2001 Jan 22
Improvement of encapsulation efficiency of water-in-oil-in-water emulsion with hypertonic inner aqueous phase.
2001 Jan-Feb
Study of in vitro and in vivo dissolution of theophylline from film-coated pellets.
2001 Mar
Refractory seizure with hypokalaemia.
2001 Mar
Profile of moxifloxacin drug interactions.
2001 Mar 15
A multiparticulate drug-delivery system based on pellets incorporated into congealable polyethylene glycol carrier materials.
2001 Mar 23
Inhibitory effect of theophylline on recombinant GABA(A) receptor.
2001 Mar 5
Cytosolic xanthine oxidoreductase mediated bioactivation of ethanol to acetaldehyde and free radicals in rat breast tissue. Its potential role in alcohol-promoted mammary cancer.
2001 Mar 7
Escape deficits induced by inescapable shock and metabolic stress are reversed by adenosine receptor antagonists.
2001 May
Patents

Sample Use Guides

For a given population there is no single theophylline dose that will provide both safe and effective serum concentrations for all patients. The dose of theophylline must be individualized on the basis of serum theophylline concentration measurements in order to achieve a dose that will provide maximum potential benefit with minimal risk of adverse effects.
Route of Administration: Other
1 mM theophylline inhibited histamine release from human skin mast cells
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Fri Dec 16 18:40:59 UTC 2022
Edited
by admin
on Fri Dec 16 18:40:59 UTC 2022
Record UNII
0I55128JYK
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
THEOPHYLLINE ANHYDROUS
HSDB  
Common Name English
PENTOXIFYLLINE IMPURITY C [EP IMPURITY]
Common Name English
Theophylline [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
1,3-DIMETHYLXANTHINE
Systematic Name English
THEOPHYLLINE,ANHYDROUS [VANDF]
Common Name English
THEOPHYLLINE [USP-RS]
Common Name English
THEOPHYLLINE [MI]
Common Name English
THEOPHYLLINE, ANHYDROUS
Common Name English
NSC-2066
Code English
THEOPHYLLINE ANHYDROUS [HSDB]
Common Name English
DIMENHYDRINATE IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY]
Common Name English
THEOPHYLLINE MELTING POINT STANDARD
USP-RS  
Common Name English
DOXOPHYLLINE METABOLITE M3
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
NCI_THESAURUS C319
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
NCI_THESAURUS C221
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
NDF-RT N0000008118
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
NDF-RT N0000175790
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
WHO-ATC R03DB02
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
NDF-RT N0000008118
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
Code System Code Type Description
NSC
2066
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB40136
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB00277
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
0I55128JYK
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
M10706
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
PRIMARY Merck Index
HSDB
3399
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
RXCUI
91178
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
PRIMARY RxNorm
DAILYMED
0I55128JYK
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
CAS
58-55-9
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID5021336
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
CHEBI
28177
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
200-385-7
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB15516MIG
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
2153
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C61968
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
RS_ITEM_NUM
1653117
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 18:41:00 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
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