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Restrict the search for
acetylcholine
to a specific field?
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Pirenzepine is a M1 muscarinic receptor antagonist, which is prescribed for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer in Europe. The drug preferentially acts on the gastric mucosa to inhibit secretion of both gastric acid and pepsin. Experiment with healthy volunteers demonstrated that pirenzepine passes the blood-brain barrier, but only to a small extent.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Prothiaden by Rajsner, M.|Svater, E.|Metysova, J.|Protiva, M.
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
cis-Dosulepin is a stereoisomer of Dothiepin (trade name Prothiaden, Dothep, Thaden, and Dopress; Dosulepin (INN, BAN) a tricyclic antidepressant that is used in several European and South Asian countries, as well as Australia, South Africa, and New Zealand. Dosulepin is used for the treatment of the major depressive disorder and neuropathic pain. Dosulepin is only Therapeutic Goods Administration and Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency approved for the treatment of the major depressive disorder. Dothiepin is not used in the United States. The central action of cis-dosulepin was compared with that of its antidepressant stereoisomer trans-dosulepin, cis-dosulepin exerted weaker anti-reserpine, anti-tetrabenazine, and 3H-5-HT (serotonin) uptake inhibiting actions than trans-dosulepin, but cis-dosulepin's inhibition of 3H-dopamine and 3H-norepinephrine uptake was slightly more potent than that of trans-dosulepin. On the other hand, cis-dosulepin exhibited extremely potent anticholinergic action in oxotremorine induced tremor, isolated ileum and the 3H-quinuclidinyl benzilate binding test. It also showed potent apomorphine enhancing the action and shortened the period of immobility in the forced swimming test in animals.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Conditions:
Tiemonium (often used in a form of iodide or methylsulphate salt) is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, which is available in Asia (mainly Bangladesh) for the alleviation of muscle spasms of the intestine, biliary system, uterus and urinary bladder in gastrointestinal, biliary, urinary and gynecological diseases.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Zamifenacin by Sumitomo Industries
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Zamifenacin, also known as UK-76654, a selective muscarinic M3 receptor antagonist, was studied in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This drug participated in clinical trials for the IBS phase III in the USA and phase II in the UK, but these studies were discontinued.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
CANOPAR by ZYF Pharm Chemical
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Cholinergic anthelmintic, Thenium is used against dog and cat hookworms.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Pirenzepine is a M1 muscarinic receptor antagonist, which is prescribed for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer in Europe. The drug preferentially acts on the gastric mucosa to inhibit secretion of both gastric acid and pepsin. Experiment with healthy volunteers demonstrated that pirenzepine passes the blood-brain barrier, but only to a small extent.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Epithanate G by Nippon Steel
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Pipethanate ethobromide is an antimuscarinic with actions similar to those of atropine. It has been used in the symptomatic treatment of visceral spasms in oral doses of up to 160 mg daily in divided doses. Pipethanate ethobromide has also been given intramuscularly or intravenously in doses of 10 to 20 mg daily and rectally in doses of 60 or 120 mg daily.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Timepidium bromide is a quaternary ammonium antimuscarinic used for the symptomatic treatment of visceral spasms. It is a muscarinic antagonist.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Acotiamide (Acofide(®)), an oral first-in-class prokinetic drug, is under global development by Zeria Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd and Astellas Pharma Inc. for the treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia. The drug modulates upper gastrointestinal motility to alleviate abdominal symptoms resulting from hypomotility and delayed gastric emptying. It exerts its activity in the stomach via muscarinic receptor inhibition, resulting in enhanced acetylcholine release and inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity. Acofide® is launched in Japan for treating functional dyspepsia.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
NCT02482207: Phase 4 Interventional Completed Hypertension
(2015)
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Pyritinol is a semi natural analogue of water soluble vitamin B6. Pyritinol was synthetized way back in 1961 by Merck Laboratories. After years of research, it entered the market in the 1970s, where it was used for clinical applications – including treating stroke patients and those with Alzheimer’s. Since the 1990s, it has been sold as a nootropic dietary supplement in the United States and many other parts of the world. Pyritinol, unlike many other nootropics, has been approved for use as a medical treatment in countries around the world. Doctors in many European countries use Pyritinol to treat patients with chronic degenerative brain disorders – like dementia. Countries where Pyritinol is an approved treatment include Austria, Germany, France, Greece, Italy, and Portugal. France has approved the use of Pyritinol – but only as a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. Pyritinol is not currently licensed for use in the United Kingdom, but in most other countries, it’s available online or through drug stores as an over the counter substance. Pyritinol is marketed under the brand names Encephabol, Encefabol and Cerbon 6. One of the known mechanisms of action of Pyritinol involves increasing choline uptake into your neurons and thereby increasing acetylcholine levels. Pyritinol is also a great effective precursor to dopamine, which is one of the neurotransmitter mood-boosters in the brain. Pyritinol has better conversion into the neurochemical. This drug increases dopamine, which can keep the brain from anxiety because a lower dopamine level is connected to mood disorders and depression.
