Propoxycarbazone-Sodium (also known as BAY MKH 6561) is asulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone derivative patented by German multinational pharmaceutical and life sciences company Bayer A.-G. as herbicide Propoxycarbazone inhibits acetolactate synthase (ALS), and has selectivity on spring, winter, and durum varieties. The spectrum of control includes several species of monocot and dicot weeds at the application rates of 30 to 45 g/ha. Bromus control is the primary target since existing herbicides have limited timing, selectivity, and use patterns which reduce usefulness. Propoxycarbazone applied postemergence between the 1- to 2-leaf stage and shoot elongation has provided economic control of the following Bromus species: B. tectorum, B. secalinus, B. mollis, B. rigidus, and B. japonicus. Side effects, and sometimes control, was also noted on Aegilops tauschii for which there is no selective control outside genetically altered wheat cultivars. Broadleaf control was obtained primarily on the mustard family, including species in the genera Sisymbrium, Brassica, Descurainia, Chorispora, Camelina, Capsella, and Thlaspi. Propoxycarbazone provides control for adequate weed spectrum, however, considerations of resistance management, difficult and diverse weed pressure, and extended growing seasons will sometimes necessitate the use of sequential herbicides or mix partners.

Prodolic acid is an indole derivative patented by American Home Products Corp. as antiinflammatory agent. Prodolic acid acts as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compound and inhibits bradykinin-induced bronchoconstriction but did not affects histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in the guinea pig. In preclinical studies, Prodolic acid exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activity in adjuvant arthritic rats.

Rolodine (BW 58-271) is a pyrrolopynimidine. This compound has been described in the 1960’s as a potent hypnotic agent and a skeletal muscle relaxant. Rolodine has a local anesthetic effect when applied to the isolated frog sciatic nerve and blocks spontaneous electrical activity (as measured by EEG) lasting for several minutes in cats. No information is available on current use of this central nervous system depressant.

Gallium-68 is a positron-emitting radioisotope that is produced from a 68Ge/68Ga generator. Gallium-68-labeled peptides have been recognized as a new class of radiopharmaceuticals showing fast target localization and blood clearance. Because of the convenient half-life of 68Ga and the fact that it is generator-produced and therefore more widely available, considerable interest lies in the development of 68Ga-labeled imaging agents. Dotatate gallium (Ga-68) is a somatostatin-2 receptor analog which is radiolabeled with gallium 68 as a positron-emitting radioisotope. Dotatate gallium 68 is one of the most prominent radiopharmaceuticals used in imaging with positron emission tomography. It binds to the somatostatin-2 receptor which is usually overexpressed in many neuroendocrine tumors in both adult and pediatric patients. Gallium-68 (Ga-68)-based tracers are easily available, relatively cost-effective, and have relative ease of labeling. Over the past few years, the development of Ga-68-based tracers has exploded with a recent growing interest in infection and inflammation imaging. An estimated ~10,000 scans are being performed yearly in Europe at about 100 centers utilizing 68Ga-labeled somatostatin analogs within clinical trials.

Dysprosium (Dy), chemical element, a rare-earth metal of the lanthanide series of the periodic table. Dysprosium has no biological role. It is considered to be moderately toxic. Dysprosium is good at absorbing neutrons and so it is used in dysprosium-oxide-nickel cement in control rods in nuclear reactors. Dysprosium is used in data storage applications such as compact discs and hard discs. It is also used in medium source rare-earth lamps (MSRs) in the film industry. Dysprosium iodide is used these lamps to produce an intense white light. Dy-164 has two medical applications. It is used in the production of Dy-165, which is used in arthritis therapy. Dysprosium isotope Dy-164 is also used for the production of Dy-166, which decays to Ho-166 and this used in cancer therapy.

Nibroxane, 5-bromo-2-methyl-5-nitro-m-dioxane, is a topically effective antimicrobial agent with a broad spectrum of activity. Nibroxane is unusual in that it not only possesses high microbiocidal activity against Gram positive (Staphylococcus uureus) and Gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria but also against yeasts (Candida albicans) and moulds (Aspergillus niger). In addition, the 5-bromo-5-nitro-m-dioxanes have, as a class of compounds, the distinct advantage of being chemically stable over a wide pH range. This inherent stability, coupled with its broad spectrum of microbiocidal activity, makes nibroxane an excellent candidate as a preservative for cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations.

LEDOXANTRONE, a benzothiopyranoindazole, is an intercalating agent. Its mechanism of action is probably due to DNA helicase blockade. It was under development for the treatment of prostate and ovarian cancers.

Ioflubenzamide I-131 (also known as 131-I-MIP-1145) is a radiolabeled iodobenzamide derivative developed by Molecular Insight Pharmaceuticals, Inc for metastatic melanoma treatment. The benzamide moiety of Ioflubenzamide I-131 binds to melanin, selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of gamma and beta radiation to melanin-expressing tumor cells. In human melanoma xenografts, Ioflubenzamide I-131 exhibited diffuse tissue distribution and washout from all tissues except melanin-expressing tumors. The administration of Ioflubenzamide I-131 at 25 MBq in single or multiple doses significantly reduced SK-MEL-3 tumor growth, with multiple doses resulting in tumor regression and durable response for over 125 days. Unfortunately Phase I clinical trial was terminated by unknown reason.

Tocofibrate is a peroxisomotropic ester compound consisting of both clofibric acid and alpha-tocopherol. Tocofibrate is a hypocholesterolemic drug. Lowering activity of tocofibrate in cholesterol level in blood was no less than that of clofibrate in rats fed high-fat cholesterol diet. In view of the fact that only a fraction of tocofibrate is not hydrolyzed in the liver 24-hr following oral administration, it was reasonable to assume that tocofibrate exerts its effect in an unaltered state rather than as a result of hydrolysis to clofibric acid and alpha-tocopherol. The distribution of tocofibrate clearly differs from that of both clofibrate and alpha-tocofibrate is primarily associated with its effect upon liver peroxisomes. Tocofibrate acts upon peroxisomes to lower plasma lipid levels.

Rumenic acid is the major conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), probably because of successive desaturation and chain elongation and can be considered as the principal dietary form. In experiments on rodents was shown that rumenic acid possessed the protective effect against colitis, which was associated with the activation of the Nrf2 pathway.