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Restrict the search for
phenytoin
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Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
NCT04619927: Phase 4 Interventional Recruiting Peripheral Arterial Disease
(2021)
Source URL:
Class:
PROTEIN
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
NCT02710747: Phase 4 Interventional Unknown status Heart Valve Disease
(2015)
Source URL:
Class:
PROTEIN
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2000)
Source:
NDA021014
(2000)
Source URL:
First approved in 2000
Source:
NDA021014
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Oxcarbazepine and its active metabolite (10,11-dihydro-10-hydroxy-carbazepine, MHD) have been effective in animal models of epilepsy that generally predict efficacy in generalized tonic-clonic seizures and partial seizures in humans. The pharmacokinetic profile of oxcarbazepine is less complicated than that of carbamazepine, with less metabolism by the cytochrome P450 system, no production of an epoxide metabolite, and lower plasma protein binding. The clinical efficacy and tolerability of oxcarbazepine have been demonstrated in trials in adults, children, and the elderly. The pharmacological activity of oxcarbazepine is primarily exerted through the 10-monohydroxy metabolite (MHD) of oxcarbazepine. The precise mechanism by which oxcarbazepine and MHD exert their antiseizure effect is unknown; however, in vitro electrophysiological studies indicate that they produce blockade of voltage-sensitive sodium channels, resulting in stabilization of hyperexcited neural membranes, inhibition of repetitive neuronal firing, and diminution of propagation of
synaptic impulses. These actions are thought to be important in the prevention of seizure
spread in the intact brain. In addition, increased potassium conductance and modulation of high-voltage activated calcium channels may contribute to the anticonvulsant effects of the drug.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2005)
Source:
ANDA077272
(2005)
Source URL:
First approved in 1968
Source:
NDA016608
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Carbamazepine is an analgesic, anti-epileptic agent that is FDA approved for the treatment of epilepsy, trigeminal neuralgia. It appears to act by reducing polysynaptic responses and blocking the post-tetanic potentiation. It depresses thalamic potential and bulbar and polysynaptic reflexes, including the linguomandibular reflex in cats. Commonly reported side effects of carbamazepine include: dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, ataxia, and vomiting. Carbamazepine is a potent inducer of hepatic CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C9/19, and 3A4 and may reduce plasma concentrations of concomitant medications mainly metabolized by CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C9/19, and 3A4 through induction of their metabolism, like Boceprevir, Cyclophosphamide, Aripiprazole, Tacrolimus, Temsirolimus and others.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2006)
Source:
ANDA040684
(2006)
Source URL:
First approved in 1938
Source:
Dilantin by Parke-Davis
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Phenytoin is an anti-epileptic drug. Phenytoin has been used with much clinical success against all types of epileptiform seizures, except petit mal epilepsy. Phenytoin is a available for oral administration (tablets, capsules, suspension). CEREBYX® (fosphenytoin sodium injection) is a prodrug intended for parenteral administration; its active metabolite is phenytoin. CEREBYX should be used only when oral phenytoin administration is not possible. Although several potential targets for phenytoin action have been identified within the CNS (Na-K-ATPase, the GABAA receptor complex, ionotropic glutamate receptors, calcium channels and sigma binding sites) to date, though, the best evidence hinges on the inhibition of voltage-sensitive Na+ channels in the plasma membrane of neurons undergoing seizure activity.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2006)
Source:
ANDA040684
(2006)
Source URL:
First approved in 1938
Source:
Dilantin by Parke-Davis
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Phenytoin is an anti-epileptic drug. Phenytoin has been used with much clinical success against all types of epileptiform seizures, except petit mal epilepsy. Phenytoin is a available for oral administration (tablets, capsules, suspension). CEREBYX® (fosphenytoin sodium injection) is a prodrug intended for parenteral administration; its active metabolite is phenytoin. CEREBYX should be used only when oral phenytoin administration is not possible. Although several potential targets for phenytoin action have been identified within the CNS (Na-K-ATPase, the GABAA receptor complex, ionotropic glutamate receptors, calcium channels and sigma binding sites) to date, though, the best evidence hinges on the inhibition of voltage-sensitive Na+ channels in the plasma membrane of neurons undergoing seizure activity.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2006)
Source:
ANDA040684
(2006)
Source URL:
First approved in 1938
Source:
Dilantin by Parke-Davis
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Phenytoin is an anti-epileptic drug. Phenytoin has been used with much clinical success against all types of epileptiform seizures, except petit mal epilepsy. Phenytoin is a available for oral administration (tablets, capsules, suspension). CEREBYX® (fosphenytoin sodium injection) is a prodrug intended for parenteral administration; its active metabolite is phenytoin. CEREBYX should be used only when oral phenytoin administration is not possible. Although several potential targets for phenytoin action have been identified within the CNS (Na-K-ATPase, the GABAA receptor complex, ionotropic glutamate receptors, calcium channels and sigma binding sites) to date, though, the best evidence hinges on the inhibition of voltage-sensitive Na+ channels in the plasma membrane of neurons undergoing seizure activity.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2006)
Source:
ANDA040684
(2006)
Source URL:
First approved in 1938
Source:
Dilantin by Parke-Davis
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Phenytoin is an anti-epileptic drug. Phenytoin has been used with much clinical success against all types of epileptiform seizures, except petit mal epilepsy. Phenytoin is a available for oral administration (tablets, capsules, suspension). CEREBYX® (fosphenytoin sodium injection) is a prodrug intended for parenteral administration; its active metabolite is phenytoin. CEREBYX should be used only when oral phenytoin administration is not possible. Although several potential targets for phenytoin action have been identified within the CNS (Na-K-ATPase, the GABAA receptor complex, ionotropic glutamate receptors, calcium channels and sigma binding sites) to date, though, the best evidence hinges on the inhibition of voltage-sensitive Na+ channels in the plasma membrane of neurons undergoing seizure activity.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2022)
Source:
NDA215910
(2022)
Source URL:
First marketed in 1912
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Phenobarbital is a barbiturate derivative used to treat insomnia and anxiety, seizures, hyperbilirubinemia in neonates and cholestasis. Phenobarbital promotes binding to inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid subtype receptors, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels.
Status:
US Approved OTC
Source:
21 CFR 331.11(g)(7) antacid:magnesium-containing magnesium oxide
Source URL:
First marketed in 1921
Source:
Magnesium Carbonate U.S.P.
Source URL:
Class:
MIXTURE
Targets:
Conditions:
Struvite, a crystalline substance first identified in the 18th century, is composed of magnesium ammonium
phosphate. Struvite urinary stones are also known as ‘infection stones’, and account for 15%-20% of all urinary stones. Bacterial urease, usually from a Proteus species, is responsible for the chemical changes in urine which result in struvite formation.
