FOSPHENYTOIN

First approved in 1938

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	C16H15N2O6P
Molecular Weight	362.2739
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

OP(O)(=O)OCN1C(=O)NC(C1=O)(C2=CC=CC=C2)C3=CC=CC=C3

InChI

InChIKey=XWLUWCNOOVRFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C16H15N2O6P/c19-14-16(12-7-3-1-4-8-12,13-9-5-2-6-10-13)17-15(20)18(14)11-24-25(21,22)23/h1-10H,11H2,(H,17,20)(H2,21,22,23)

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8981053
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/020450s020lbl.pdf

Phenytoin is an anti-epileptic drug. Phenytoin has been used with much clinical success against all types of epileptiform seizures, except petit mal epilepsy. Phenytoin is a available for oral administration (tablets, capsules, suspension). CEREBYX® (fosphenytoin sodium injection) is a prodrug intended for parenteral administration; its active metabolite is phenytoin. CEREBYX should be used only when oral phenytoin administration is not possible. Although several potential targets for phenytoin action have been identified within the CNS (Na-K-ATPase, the GABAA receptor complex, ionotropic glutamate receptors, calcium channels and sigma binding sites) to date, though, the best evidence hinges on the inhibition of voltage-sensitive Na+ channels in the plasma membrane of neurons undergoing seizure activity.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Potency
Sodium channel protein type II alpha subunit 27 Target ID: CHEMBL4187 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8981053	Inhibitor 8297	10.4 µM [EC50]
Sodium channel protein type III alpha subunit 18 Target ID: CHEMBL5163 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8981053	Inhibitor 8297	52.5 µM [EC50]
Sodium channel protein type VIII alpha subunit 7 Target ID: CHEMBL5202 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8981053	Inhibitor 8297	20.0 µM [EC50]
Sodium channel protein type I alpha subunit 15 Target ID: CHEMBL1845 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8981053	Inhibitor 8297	19.9 µM [EC50]

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Seizures 9 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/008762s055,010151s042lbl.pdf	Primary		Approved 8429	DILANTIN-125 Approved Use Dilantin (phenytoin) is indicated for the control of tonic-clonic (grand mal) and psychomotor (temporal lobe) seizures Launch Date 1953
Status epilepticus 12 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/020450s020lbl.pdf	Primary		Approved 8429	CEREBYX Approved Use CEREBYX is indicated for the control of generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus and prevention and treatment of seizures occurring during neurosurgery. CEREBYX can also be substituted, short-term, for oral phenytoin. CEREBYX should be used only when oral phenytoin administration is not possible. CEREBYX must not be given orally. Launch Date 1996

C_max

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
1.176 μg/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/anda/98/40-298_Phenytoin%20Sodium_Bioeqr.pdf	100 mg single, oral dose: 100 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		PHENYTOIN plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED

AUC

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
32.172 μg × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/anda/98/40-298_Phenytoin%20Sodium_Bioeqr.pdf	100 mg single, oral dose: 100 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		PHENYTOIN plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
15.49 h OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/anda/98/40-298_Phenytoin%20Sodium_Bioeqr.pdf	100 mg single, oral dose: 100 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		PHENYTOIN plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED

Doses

Dose	Population	Adverse events
600 mg single, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 600 mg Route: oral Route: single Dose: 600 mg Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2007/040759lbl.pdf https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22454904	unhealthy, 31 years n = 15 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: epilepsy Age Group: 31 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 15 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2007/040759lbl.pdf https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22454904	Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2007/040759lbl.pdf https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22454904
20 g single, oral Overdose Dose: 20 g Route: oral Route: single Dose: 20 g Co-administed with:: glibenclamide(500 mg) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26312007/	unhealthy, 41 years n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 41 years Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26312007/	Other AEs: Sinus bradycardia, Hypotension... Other AEs: Sinus bradycardia (1 patient) Hypotension (severe, 1 patient) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26312007/
5 g single, oral Overdose Dose: 5 g Route: oral Route: single Dose: 5 g Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24307853/	unhealthy, 49 years n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 49 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24307853/	Other AEs: Acute respiratory failure... Other AEs: Acute respiratory failure (1 patient) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24307853/
60 mg/kg multiple, intravenous (total) Overdose Dose: 60 mg/kg Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 60 mg/kg Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27756964/	unhealthy, 7 years n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 7 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27756964/	Other AEs: Encephalopathy... Other AEs: Encephalopathy (1 patient) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27756964/
2 g single, oral Overdose Dose: 2 g Route: oral Route: single Dose: 2 g Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2021/008762s065lbl.pdf	unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2021/008762s065lbl.pdf	Other AEs: Nystagmus, Ataxia... Other AEs: Nystagmus (grade 5) Ataxia (grade 5) Dysarthria (grade 5) Tremor (grade 5) Hyperreflexia (grade 5) Lethargy (grade 5) Slurred speech (grade 5) Blurred vision (grade 5) Nausea (grade 5) Vomiting (grade 5) Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2021/008762s065lbl.pdf
10 mg/kg single, intramuscular (starting) Dose: 10 mg/kg Route: intramuscular Route: single Dose: 10 mg/kg Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/010151s047s048lbl.pdf	unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/010151s047s048lbl.pdf	Other AEs: Hypotension, Cardiac arrhythmias... Other AEs: Hypotension (severe) Cardiac arrhythmias Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/010151s047s048lbl.pdf
10 mg/kg single, intravenous (starting) Dose: 10 mg/kg Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 10 mg/kg Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/010151s047s048lbl.pdf	unhealthy, adult Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: adult Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/010151s047s048lbl.pdf	Other AEs: Hypotension, Cardiac arrhythmias... Other AEs: Hypotension (severe) Cardiac arrhythmias Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/010151s047s048lbl.pdf

AEs

Overview

CYP3A4	CYP2C9	CYP2D6	hERG
substrate 1737	substrate 1037 inhibitor 1767 inducer 389		inhibitor 1612

OverviewOther

Other Inhibitor	Other Substrate	Other Inducer
P-gp 1461 OATP1B1 788 OATP1B3 706 UGT1A6 108 UGT1A9 116 UGT2B15 64	CYP2C8 693 CYP2C19 991 P-gp 1537	CYP2C19 293 CYP3A 129 UGT 29 CYP2B6 547 CYP2C8 168

Drug as perpetrator

Target	Modality	Activity	Clinical evidence
OATP1B1 803	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2376123/	no
OATP1B3 715	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2376123/	no
P-gp 1650	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15961125/ Page: 6.0	weak
UGT1A9 121	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15933229/ Page: 7.0	yes [IC50 145 uM]
UGT1A6 141	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15933229/ Page: 7.0	yes [IC50 280 uM]
UGT2B15 64	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15933229/ Page: 7.0	yes [IC50 607 uM]
UGT 59	inducer 1573 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9606477	yes
CYP2B6 1001	inducer 1573 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9332469/	yes	likely (co-administration study) Comment: See https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/084427s042lbl.pdf#page=10 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9332469/
CYP2C19 1553	inducer 1573 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15247556/	yes	likely (co-administration study) Comment: See https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/084427s042lbl.pdf#page=10 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15247556/
CYP2C8 965	inducer 1573 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26721703/ Page: 46.0	yes	likely (co-administration study) Comment: See https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/084427s042lbl.pdf#page=11 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26721703/ Page: 46.0
CYP2C9 1819	inducer 1573 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15247556/	yes	likely (co-administration study) Comment: See https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/084427s042lbl.pdf#page=9 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15247556/
CYP3A 298	inducer 1573 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9606477	yes	likely (co-administration study) Comment: See https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/084427s042lbl.pdf#page=11 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9606477
CYP2C9 1819	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12235444/	yes	yes (co-administration study) Comment: mean AUC(0-24) of losartan was insignificantly increased by 17% when losartan was coadministered with phenytoin. See more on https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/084427s042lbl.pdf#page=9 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12235444/

Drug as victim

Target	Modality	Activity	Clinical evidence
P-gp 1537	substrate 3367 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15961125/ Page: 6.0	no
CYP2C19 991	substrate 3367 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/084427s042lbl.pdf#page=8 Page: 8.0	yes
CYP2C8 693	substrate 3367 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8819299/ Page: 7.0	yes
CYP3A4 1737	substrate 3367 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11038165/	yes	likely (co-administration study) Comment: See https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/084427s042lbl.pdf#page=9 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11038165/
CYP2C9 1037	substrate 3367 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/084427s042lbl.pdf#page=8; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12235444/; Page: 8.0	yes	yes (co-administration study) Comment: Coadministration of losartan had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of phenytoin. See more on https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/084427s042lbl.pdf#page8 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/084427s042lbl.pdf#page=8; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12235444/; Page: 8.0

Tox targets

Target	Modality	Activity	Metabolite	Clinical evidence
hERG 1647	inhibitor 1626 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12948624/

Sourcing

Vendor/Aggregator	ID	URL
ChEBI	CHEBI:8107	https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:8107
ChemicalBook	CB3139264	https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB3139264
MolPort	MolPort-001-785-683	https://www.molport.com/shop/molecule-link/MolPort-001-785-683
MolPort	MolPort-002-365-712	https://www.molport.com/shop/molecule-link/MolPort-002-365-712
MolPort	MolPort-023-220-142	https://www.molport.com/shop/molecule-link/MolPort-023-220-142
Selleck Chemicals	Phenytoin-Lepitoin	http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Phenytoin-Lepitoin.html
ZINC	ZINC000002510358	http://zinc15.docking.org/substances/ZINC000002510358
eMolecules	13434342	https://www.emolecules.com/cgi-bin/more?vid=13434342
eMolecules	507449	https://www.emolecules.com/cgi-bin/more?vid=507449
eMolecules	5420227	https://www.emolecules.com/cgi-bin/more?vid=5420227

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Harmful effect of megadoses of vitamins: electroencephalogram abnormalities and seizures induced by intravenous folate in drug-treated epileptics.	1975 Jan	1115018
The influence of aldosterone and anticonvulsant drugs on electroencephalographic and clinical disturbances induced by the spirolactone derivative, potassium canrenoate.	1975 Jan	1110371
Procainamide and phenytoin. Comparative study of their antiarrhythmic effects at apparent therapeutic plasma levels.	1975 Jul	1098684
Anticonvulsant-induced suppression of IFN-gamma production by lymphocytes obtained from cervical lymph nodes in glioma-bearing mice.	2000 Apr	10982153
Acute fulminant hepatic failure in a woman treated with phenytoin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.	2000 Dec	11100060
Phenytoin, midazolam, and naloxone protect against fentanyl-induced brain damage in rats.	2000 Dec	11093997
Phenytoin poisoning after using Chinese proprietary medicines.	2000 Jul	11002387
Purple glove syndrome caused by oral administration of phenytoin.	2000 Nov	11108512
Effects of combined administration of zonisamide and valproic acid or phenytoin to nitric oxide production, monoamines and zonisamide concentrations in the brain of seizure-susceptible EL mice.	2000 Sep 15	11044598
Drugs for discoid lupus erythematosus.	2001	11279785
II. An altered proliferation response due to the anticonvulsant phenytoin (PHT) in epileptic patients.	2001	11223892
I. The modulatory effect in genotoxic responses due to age and duration of PHT-therapy in epileptic patients.	2001	11223891
Evaluation of the neuroprotective effects of sodium channel blockers after spinal cord injury: improved behavioral and neuroanatomical recovery with riluzole.	2001 Apr	11302627
Performance characteristics of four free phenytoin immunoassays.	2001 Apr	11294515
Rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade is affected by chronic phenytoin therapy.	2001 Apr	11294462
Stereoselective determination of p-hydroxyphenyl-phenylhydantoin enantiomers in rat liver microsomal incubates by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography using beta-cyclodextrin as chiral mobile phase additives.	2001 Apr	11268054
Decreases in phenytoin hydroxylation activities catalyzed by liver microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes in phenytoin-treated rats.	2001 Apr	11259327
Inhibition of phenytoin hydroxylation in human liver microsomes by several selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors.	2001 Apr	11255075
The teratogenicity of anticonvulsant drugs.	2001 Apr 12	11297704
Nitroso-urea-cisplatin-based chemotherapy associated with valproate: increase of haematologic toxicity.	2001 Feb	11300327
Determination of the antiepileptics vigabatrin and gabapentin in dosage forms and biological fluids using Hantzsch reaction.	2001 Feb	11258050
Refractory idiopathic status epilepticus.	2001 Feb	11240606
Cardiac arrest after fast intravenous infusion of phenytoin mistaken for fosphenytoin.	2001 Feb	11240605
Antiepileptic drug withdrawal in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy undergoing presurgical video-EEG monitoring.	2001 Feb	11240598
Fosphenytoin: pharmacokinetics and tolerance of intramuscular loading doses.	2001 Feb	11240597
Glutamate receptor antagonists differentially affect the protective activity of conventional antiepileptics against amygdala-kindled seizures in rats.	2001 Feb	11226813
Phenytoin intoxication induced by fluvoxamine.	2001 Feb	11206048
The effects of concomitant phenytoin administration on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of quetiapine.	2001 Feb	11199955
Rufinamide: a double-blind, placebo-controlled proof of principle trial in patients with epilepsy.	2001 Feb	11164700
Possible function of astrocyte cytochrome P450 in control of xenobiotic phenytoin in the brain: in vitro studies on murine astrocyte primary cultures.	2001 Feb	11161626
[Maintenance dose requirement for phenytoin is lowered in genetically impaired drug metabolism independent of concommitant use of other antiepileptics].	2001 Feb 17	11234294
[Febrile convulsions, Treatment and prognosis].	2001 Feb 19	11242670
Interferon-alpha2a and 13-cis-retinoic acid with radiation treatment for high-grade glioma.	2001 Jan	11305415
Inhibition of human cytochrome P450 isoforms by nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.	2001 Jan	11225565
Electrophysiological and pharmacological properties of the human brain type IIA Na+ channel expressed in a stable mammalian cell line.	2001 Jan	11212204
Hair analysis for pharmaceutical drugs. I. Effective extraction and determination of phenobarbital, phenytoin and their major metabolites in rat and human hair.	2001 Jan	11201247
Ritonavir-induced carbamazepine toxicity.	2001 Jan	11197575
Treatment of nonfebrile status epilepticus in Rochester, Minn, from 1965 through 1984.	2001 Jan	11155411
Effects of antiepileptic drugs on rat platelet aggregation: ex vivo and in vitro study.	2001 Jan	11137387
Effects of phenytoin on glutathione status and oxidative stress biomarker gene mRNA levels in cultured precision human liver slices.	2001 Jan	11134551
Successful treatment of antiepileptic drug hypersensitivity syndrome with intravenous immune globulin.	2001 Jan	11134478
[Lamotrigine in refractory partial and general epilepsies].	2001 Jan 1-15	11293097
Myotoxicity studies of injectable biodegradable in-situ forming drug delivery systems.	2001 Jan 5	11165816
N6-cyclohexyladenosine and 3-(2-carboxypiperazine-4-yl)-1-propenyl-1-phosphonic acid enhance the effect of antiepileptic drugs against induced seizures in mice.	2001 Jan-Apr	11302789
Volume-selective proton MR spectroscopy for in-vitro quantification of anticonvulsants.	2001 Mar	11305752
Fosphenytoin in infants of extremely low birth weight.	2001 Mar	11301224
Influence of retigabine on the anticonvulsant activity of some antiepileptic drugs against audiogenic seizures in DBA/2 mice.	2001 Mar	11284448
Phenytoin-induced cleft palate: evidence for embryonic cardiac bradyarrhythmia due to inhibition of delayed rectifier K+ channels resulting in hypoxia-reoxygenation damage.	2001 Mar	11283972
Interaction of plasma proteins with cytochromes P450 mediated metabolic reactions: inhibition by human serum albumin and alpha-globulins of the debrisoquine 4-hydroxylation (CYP2D) in liver microsomes of human, hamster and rat.	2001 Mar 8	11246175
Efficacy of levetiracetam versus fosphenytoin for the recurrence of seizures after status epilepticus.	2017 Jun	28640109

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Dilantin-125® (Phenytoin Oral Suspension, USP), each 5 ml of suspension contains 125 mg of phenytoin: Patients who have received no previous treatment may be started on one teaspoonful (5 mL) of Dilantin-125 Suspension three times daily, and the dose is then adjusted to suit individual requirements. An increase to five teaspoonfuls daily may be made, if necessary. CEREBYX® (fosphenytoin sodium injection) is a prodrug intended for parenteral administration; its active metabolite is phenytoin. 1.5 mg of fosphenytoin sodium is equivalent to 1 mg phenytoin sodium, and is referred to as 1 mg phenytoin sodium equivalents (PE). CEREBYX should be used only when oral phenytoin administration is not possible. Dosage (Status Epilepticus): The loading dose of CEREBYX is 15 to 20 mg PE/kg administered at 100 to 150 mg PE/min.

Route of Administration: Other

In Vitro Use Guide

Exposure of human adult keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) for 48 h to alkyd nanoemulsions producing phenytoin concentrations of 3.125-200 μg/mL resulted in relative cell viability readings using tetrazolium dye 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide of 100% confirming nontoxicity and suggesting cell proliferation activity.

Name

Type

Language

FOSPHENYTOIN

Official Name

English

FOSPHENYTOIN [HSDB]

Common Name

English

FOSPHENYTOIN [VANDF]

Common Name

English

3-(HYDROXYMETHYL)-5,5-DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN, PHOSPHATE (ESTER)

Common Name

English

Fosphenytoin [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

FOSPHENYTOIN [MI]

Common Name

English

fosphenytoin [INN]

Common Name

English

NP-06

Common Name

English

2,4-IMIDAZOLIDINEDIONE, 5,5-DIPHENYL-3-((PHOSPHONOOXY)METHYL)-

Systematic Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

NDF-RT

N0000008486