Esatenolol is the (S) enantiomer of atenolol, a beta1-adrenergic receptor antagonist. Only (S)-atenolol, but not (R)-atenolol, contributes to the beta-blocking effect of currently used racemic atenolol since the same effect can be elicited with the (S)-enantiomer alone. Pure (S)-atenolol has been launched in India for the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.

Altizide, a thiazide diuretic, and aldosterone antagonist, in combination with spironolactone was marketed under brand name Aldactazine to treat patients with mild to moderate hypertension. In addition, Aldactazine was investigated for the treatment of congestive cardiac insufficiency.

Cloridarol is a vasodilator that was studied for the treatment of coronary insufficiency in Italy in the 1970s. In normolipidemic rats, cloridarol decreased plasma triglycerides without affecting cholesterolemia and fast- or norepinephrine-induced lipolysis. The drug proved effective in reducing fructose-induced hypertriglyceridemia and dietary hypercholesterolemia in rats.

Cicletanine is a diuretic, developed by Ipsen for the treatment of hypertension. The drug was marketed in France by Recordati under the name Tenstaten. The mechanism(s) by which cicletanine exerts its biological effects has not been definitely established. The salidiuretic activity appears to be the result of an action of the sulfoconjugated metabolite of cicletanine, which inhibits the apical Na+-dependent Cl-/HCO3- anion exchanger in the distal convoluted tubule. The mechanism of the vasodilating effect of cicletanine may include stimulation of vascular prostaglandin synthesis, inhibition of the low Km cyclic GMP phosphodiesterases, and blockade of Ca2+ channels either directly or indirectly. The drug has also been shown to interact with other proteins, including alpha-adrenergic, vascular histamine, and muscarinic receptors.

Etofibrate is an ethylene glycol diester of clofibrate and nicotinic acid. The drug was used under the names Tricerol and Lipo-Merz, among the others, for the treatment of severe hypertriglyceridemia and mixed hyperlipidemia. The mechanism of etofibrate action implies activation of PPAR-alpha receptors.

Dopexamine hydrochloride is a synthetic catecholamine, structurally related to dopamine, with marked intrinsic agonist activity at beta 2-adrenoceptors, lesser agonist activity at dopamine DA1- and DA2-receptors and beta 1-adrenoceptors, and an inhibitory action on the neuronal catecholamine uptake mechanism. The drug is administered by intravenous infusion, and is characterized by a rapid onset and short duration of action. Dopexamine is being tested as a treatment for heart failure and sepsis.

Fimasartan is a angiotensin II receptor antagonist which was developed in Korea for the treatment of hypertension. The drug is available in different forms: Kanarb, Dukarb (in combination with Amlodipine), Tuvero (in combination with Rosuvastatin). Fimasartan was tested to be effective in Mexican and Russian population and now is being tested in the USA.

Cinepazet is an ethyl ester of cinepazic acid. It acts by inhibiting the influx of extracellular calcium into cells through the slow calcium channel in the cell membrane. In the 1970s cinepazet was marketed in France and Italy under tradename Vascoril for the treatment of angina.

Tertatolol is a beta-blocker with unique renal vasodilatatory effects, mainly at the level of the microcirculation. The mechanisms of this renal vasodilatation are not fully understood but might involve renal 5-HT1A receptor stimulation. It is a potent competitive antagonist of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors. Tertatolol inhibits human mesangial cell proliferation. Biochemical surveillance did not show any adverse metabolic effects of tertatolol. Tertatolol is rapidly and totally absorbed by the gastro-intestinal tract with a low presystemic metabolism, and the bioavailability is not affected by food intake. It is used as antihypertension agent.

Cinepazide or cinepazide maleate (Kelinao or Anjieli in China) is a vasodilator used in China for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and peripheral vascular diseases. As a calcium channel blocker, cinepazide can stop calcium from entering vascular smooth muscle cells and relax smooth muscles of cerebral vessels, coronary arteries and peripheral vessels so as to relieve vasospasm, reduce vascular resistance, improve flexibility of red blood cells, increase blood circulation in cerebral vessels and improve microcirculation and brain metabolism. Cinepazide could also increase the number of cAMP by inhibiting cAMP phosphodiesterase and reduce oxygen consumption. In April 2002, cinepazide of Beijing Hwellso Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd was approved to enter the market with two dosage forms of oral formulation and injection under the trade name of Kelinao. Currently, Kelinao is the only domestic brand for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. And in 2009, cinepazide was included in the national medicare drug list. Cinepazide maleate, after wide application, has gained the recognition of Chinese doctors and patients for the treatment of cerebral arteriosclerosis, transient ischemic attack, cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism, cerebral hemorrhage sequel and post-traumatic brain syndrome. Besides, due to its efficacy in cardiovascular diseases and peripheral vascular diseases, cinepazide maleate has become a leading product in cerebrovascular drug market.