Dezocine was discovered and patented by American Home Products Corp. in 1978. Dezocine is a partial opiate drug and was used for pain management under brand name Dalgan. But then usage of this drug was discontinued in US. Dezocine acts as a partial μ-receptor agonist, a κ-receptor antagonist, and a norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake inhibitor (via norepinephrine transporter and serotonin transporter). Dezocine shares the CNS depressant and respiratory depressant effects of opioid analgesics. Dezocine has not been shown to produce clinically significant cardiovascular adverse effects.

Cetyl alcohol is the 16-carbon alcohol corresponding to palmitic acid, so called because it is isolated from among the hydrolysis products of spermaceti. This medication is used as a moisturizer to treat or prevent dry, rough, scaly, itchy skin and minor skin irritations (e.g., diaper rash, skin burns from radiation therapy). Most emollients can be used safely and effectively with no side effects. However, burning, stinging, redness, or irritation may occur. A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare.

XENON XE-127, a radioactive gas, was developed at Brookhaven National Laboratory in 1973 for lung ventilation imaging. It appears to be preferable to xenon-133 because of the higher counting rates, lower patient radiation dose, and longer shelf life. However, its production ceased in 1993 due to various reasons.

Krypton Kr 81m is radiolabeled noble gas suitable only for inhalation in diagnostic studies. Krypton Kr 81m used for Imaging ventilated regions of the lung, Combined with pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy for diagnosis of pulmonary embolism and other conditions. Krypton Kr 81m diffuses easily, passing through cell membranes and exchanging freely between blood and tissue. It is distributed in the lungs in a manner similar to air, thus representing the regions of the lung that are aerated. The gamma photons of krypton Kr 81m can then be employed to obtain counts per minute per lung or region of the lung, or to display their distribution as a scan.

Etidronate is a salt of etidronic acid (brand name Didronel, also known as EHDP) a diphosphonate, which is indicated for the treatment of symptomatic Paget’s disease of bone and in the prevention and treatment of heterotopic ossification following total hip replacement or due to spinal cord injury. Didronel is not approved for the treatment of osteoporosis. This drugs acts primarily on bone. It can inhibit the formation, growth, and dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals and their amorphous precursors by chemisorption to calcium phosphate surfaces. Inhibition of crystal resorption occurs at lower doses than are required to inhibit crystal growth. Both effects increase as the dose increases. Preclinical studies indicate etidronate disodium does not cross the blood-brain barrier. Didronel is not metabolized. The amount of drug absorbed after an oral dose is approximately 3 percent. Bisphosphonates, when attached to bone tissue, are absorbed by osteoclasts, the bone cells that breaks down bone tissue. Although the mechanism of action of non-nitrogenous bisphosphonates has not been fully elucidated, available data suggest that they bind strongly to hydroxyapatite crystals in the bone matrix, preferentially at the sites of increased bone turnover and inhibit the formation and dissolution of the crystals. Other actions may include direct inhibition of mature osteoclast function, promotion of osteoclast apoptosis, and interference with osteoblast-mediated osteoclast activation. Etidronic acid may promote osteoclast apoptosis by competing with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the cellular energy metabolism. The osteoclast initiates apoptosis and dies, leading to an overall decrease in the breakdown of bone.

Tyrosine (L-form) is a non-essential amino acid, which is primarily required for the protein synthesis. This amino acid is the precursor of dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine; therefore the lower concentration of tyrosine could be a peripheral marker of the hyperdopaminergic condition hypothesized to explain psychosis. Tyrosine supplements can improve cognition, increase energy, reduce anxiety, reduce depression, reduce levels of pain.

Propiolactone (or beta-propiolactone) is a disinfectant used in vapor form to sterilize vaccines, grafts, blood plasma, surgical instruments. It has been used against bacteria, fungi, and virus. Propiolactone was first commercially available in the United States in 1958 but then was withdrawn because it was discovered that compound was a human carcinogen. The results have shown the generation of tumors in several tissues and from different administration routes. Propiolactone is a direct-acting alkylating agent that reacts with polynucleotides and DNA, mainly at N7 of guanine and N1 of adenine, to form carboxyethyl derivatives.

Aniledrine is a narcotic pain reliver. The drug was prescribed as an analgesic in anaesthesia (Leritine brand name), however, it is no longer available on the market. Although the exact mechanism is not fully understood, aniledrine appears to elicit its action by binding to endorphine receptors in CNS.

Dihydrocodeine is an opioid analgesic used as an alternative or adjunct to codeine to treat moderate to severe pain, severe dyspnea, and cough. It is semi-synthetic, and was developed in Germany in 1908 during an international search to find a more effective antitussive agent to help reduce the spread of airborne infectious diseases such as tuburculosis. It was marketed in 1911. Dihydrocodeine is metabolized to dihydromorphine -- a highly active metabolite with a high affinity for mu opioid receptors. Dihydrocodeine is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including post-operative and dental pain. It can also be used to treat chronic pain, breathlessness and coughing. In heroin addicts, dihydrocodeine has been used as a substitute drug, in doses up to 2500mg/day to treat addiction.