TYROSINE

Details

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Molecular Formula	C9H11NO3
Molecular Weight	181.1885
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED
Defined Stereocenters	1 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N

InChI=1S/C9H11NO3/c10-8(9(12)13)5-6-1-3-7(11)4-2-6/h1-4,8,11H,5,10H2,(H,12,13)/t8-/m0/s1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Sources: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=02597da7-70bc-44f5-50a5-d67934125b7f | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20046338

Tyrosine (L-form) is a non-essential amino acid, which is primarily required for the protein synthesis. This amino acid is the precursor of dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine; therefore the lower concentration of tyrosine could be a peripheral marker of the hyperdopaminergic condition hypothesized to explain psychosis. Tyrosine supplements can improve cognition, increase energy, reduce anxiety, reduce depression, reduce levels of pain.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Target ID: Protein biosynthesis Sources: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=02597da7-70bc-44f5-50a5-d67934125b7f	Substrate 643

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Negative nitrogen balance 4 Sources: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=02597da7-70bc-44f5-50a5-d67934125b7f	Primary		Approved 8307	AMINOSYN Approved Use Aminosyn, Sulfite-Free, (a crystalline amino acid solution) infused with dextrose by peripheral vein infusion is indicated as a source of nitrogen in the nutritional support of patients with adequate stores of body fat, in whom, for short periods of time, oral nutrition cannot be tolerated, is undesirable, or inadequate. Launch Date 1.86796802E11

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Cloning protein tyrosine kinases by screening cDNA libraries with antiphosphotyrosine antibodies.	2001	11100465
Synthesis and use of DNA containing a 5'-bridging phosphorothioate as a suicide substrate for type I DNA topoisomerases.	2001	11089225
Receptors, second messengers and protein kinases required for heterosynaptic cerebellar long-term depression.	2001	11077081
Modulation of 5-HT(1A) receptor activation by its interaction with wild-type and mutant g(alphai3) proteins.	2001	11077069
The Src kinase p56(lck) up-regulates VLA-4 integrin affinity. Implications for rapid spontaneous and chemokine-triggered T cell adhesion to VCAM-1 and fibronectin.	2001 Apr 27	11102438
The plant isoflavenoid genistein activates p53 and Chk2 in an ATM-dependent manner.	2001 Feb 16	11096068
Glycosylation-induced conformational modification positively regulates receptor-receptor association: a study with an aberrant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRvIII/DeltaEGFR) expressed in cancer cells.	2001 Feb 16	11087732
Divergent roles of SHP-2 in ERK activation by leptin receptors.	2001 Feb 16	11085989
Inhibitory role for dual specificity phosphatase VHR in T cell antigen receptor and CD28-induced Erk and Jnk activation.	2001 Feb 16	11085983
Role of dynamin, Src, and Ras in the protein kinase C-mediated activation of ERK by gonadotropin-releasing hormone.	2001 Feb 16	11083862
Phosphatidic acid regulates tyrosine phosphorylating activity in human neutrophils: enhancement of Fgr activity.	2001 Feb 16	11078731
Identification of residues in the N-terminal domain of the Yersinia tyrosine phosphatase that are critical for substrate recognition.	2001 Feb 16	11069923
The adapter type protein CMS/CD2AP binds to the proto-oncogenic protein c-Cbl through a tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated Src homology 3 domain interaction.	2001 Feb 16	11067845
G(i)-mediated Cas tyrosine phosphorylation in vascular endothelial cells stimulated with sphingosine 1-phosphate: possible involvement in cell motility enhancement in cooperation with Rho-mediated pathways.	2001 Feb 16	11056155
Protein kinase C-zeta phosphorylates insulin receptor substrate-1 and impairs its ability to activate phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in response to insulin.	2001 Feb 2	11063744
Analysis of biological effects and signaling properties of Flt-1 (VEGFR-1) and KDR (VEGFR-2). A reassessment using novel receptor-specific vascular endothelial growth factor mutants.	2001 Feb 2	11058584
The molecular adapter SLP-76 relays signals from platelet integrin alphaIIbbeta3 to the actin cytoskeleton.	2001 Feb 23	11113155
T Cell Receptor Binding to a pMHCII Ligand Is Kinetically Distinct from and Independent of CD4.	2001 Feb 23	11106664
A model of platelet aggregation involving multiple interactions of thrombospondin-1, fibrinogen, and GPIIbIIIa receptor.	2001 Feb 23	11094060
Stimulation of M3 muscarinic receptors induces phosphorylation of the Cdc42 effector activated Cdc42Hs-associated kinase-1 via a Fyn tyrosine kinase signaling pathway.	2001 Feb 23	11087735
Nrg-1 belongs to the endothelial differentiation gene family of G protein-coupled sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors.	2001 Feb 23	11069896
Evidence for direct interaction between Sprouty and Cbl.	2001 Feb 23	11053437
Binding of AP2 to sorting signals is modulated by AP2 phosphorylation.	2001 Feb 23	11044456
Multiple C-terminal motifs of the 46-kDa mannose 6-phosphate receptor tail contribute to efficient binding of medium chains of AP-2 and AP-3.	2001 Feb 9	11071885
Inhibition of angiogenesis by a mouse sprouty protein.	2001 Feb 9	11053436
The steroidogenic acute regulatory protein homolog MLN64, a late endosomal cholesterol-binding protein.	2001 Feb 9	11053434
Biochemical and immunohistological changes in the brain of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated mouse.	2001 Jan	11113642
Noninvasive assessment of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase activity in aging rhesus monkey brain in vivo.	2001 Jan	11071710
Regulation of GAP-43 protein and mRNA in nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons after the partial destruction of dopaminergic terminals with intrastriatal 6-hydroxydopamine.	2001 Jan	11071705
Corticotropin-releasing hormone mRNA levels in response to chronic mild stress rise in male but not in female rats while tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA levels decrease in both sexes.	2001 Jan	11070336
Specific interactions at the regulatory domain-substrate binding domain interface influence the cooperativity of inhibition and effector binding in Escherichia coli D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase.	2001 Jan 12	11050089
Tyrosine phosphorylation of the beta 4 integrin cytoplasmic domain mediates Shc signaling to extracellular signal-regulated kinase and antagonizes formation of hemidesmosomes.	2001 Jan 12	11044453
The nitric oxide congener nitrite inhibits myeloperoxidase/H2O2/ Cl- -mediated modification of low density lipoprotein.	2001 Jan 19	11054430
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway in human neutrophils. Integrin involvement in a pathway leading from cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases apoptosis.	2001 Jan 19	11053415
Characterization of a prostate-specific tyrosine phosphatase by mutagenesis and expression in human prostate cancer cells.	2001 Jan 26	11067847
N-methyl D-aspartate receptor-mediated bidirectional control of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activity in cortical neuronal cultures.	2001 Jan 26	11062237
Thrombopoietin induces phosphoinositol 3-kinase activation through SHP2, Gab, and insulin receptor substrate proteins in BAF3 cells and primary murine megakaryocytes.	2001 Jan 26	11054408
EPR studies of the water oxidizing complex in the S1 and the higher S states: the manganese cluster and Y(Z) radical.	2001 Jan 5	11115628
EPR/ENDOR characterization of the physical and electronic structure of the OEC Mn cluster.	2001 Jan 5	11115627
Vibrational spectroscopy of the oxygen-evolving complex and of manganese model compounds.	2001 Jan 5	11115625
Metallo-radical hypothesis for photoassembly of (Mn)4-cluster of photosynthetic oxygen evolving complex.	2001 Jan 5	11115623
Cellular stress induces the tyrosine phosphorylation of caveolin-1 (Tyr(14)) via activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and c-Src kinase. Evidence for caveolae, the actin cytoskeleton, and focal adhesions as mechanical sensors of osmotic stress.	2001 Mar 16	11094059
Essential tyrosine residues for interaction of the non-receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B with N-cadherin.	2001 Mar 2	11106648
Fibrin clot retraction by human platelets correlates with alpha(IIb)beta(3) integrin-dependent protein tyrosine dephosphorylation.	2001 Mar 2	11084040
An ephrin-A-dependent signaling pathway controls integrin function and is linked to the tyrosine phosphorylation of a 120-kDa protein.	2001 Mar 2	11053419
Crystal structure of paprika ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase. Implications for the electron transfer pathway.	2001 Mar 23	11053431
Stimulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases and proliferation in rat osteoblastic cells by parathyroid hormone is protein kinase C-dependent.	2001 Mar 9	11108712
Inhibition of osteoclast function by adenovirus expressing antisense protein-tyrosine kinase 2.	2001 Mar 9	11102447
Interleukin-2 carbohydrate recognition modulates CTLL-2 cell proliferation.	2001 Mar 9	11076950
Borna disease virus persistent infection activates mitogen-activated protein kinase and blocks neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells.	2001 Mar 9	11073944

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

In adults, tyrosine (Aminosyn solution) is given for nutritional maintenance via peripheral vein at a final amino acid concentration of 3.5, 4.25 or 5% together with dextrose in concentrations of 5% to 10%. 5%, 7%, 8.5% and 10% solutions should only be infused via a central vein when admixed with sufficient dextrose. In pediatric patients, the amino acid mixture is administered in a 2.5% concentration.

Route of Administration: Intravenous

In Vitro Use Guide

Human melanoma cell line IIB-MEL-J was treated with 3 mM tyrosine. The amino acid produced a great decrease in the cell growth rate, a loss of the anchor-age-independent growth capacity, and a change in the morphology of the cells to a fibroblastoid aspect.

Name

Type

Language

TYROSINE

Official Name

English

TYROSINE [ORANGE BOOK]

Common Name

English

L-TYROSINE

Systematic Name

English

N-ACETYLTYROSINE IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY]

Common Name

English

TYROSINE [MART.]

Common Name

English

TYROSINE [USAN]

Common Name

English

FEMA NO. 3736

Code

English

tyrosine [INN]

Common Name

English

TYROSINE [EP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

LEVODOPA IMPURITY, L-TYROSINE- [USP IMPURITY]

Common Name

English

TYROSINE [II]

Common Name

English

Tyrosine [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

(2S)-2-AMINO-3-(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)PROPANOIC ACID

Common Name

English

L-TYROSINE [FHFI]

Common Name

English

TYROSINE [HSDB]

Common Name

English

TYROSINE [INCI]

Common Name

English

L-TYROSINE [USP-RS]

Common Name

English

L-TYROSINE [FCC]

Common Name

English

L-TYROSINE [JAN]

Common Name

English

(-)-.ALPHA.-AMINO-P-HYDROXYHYDROCINNAMIC ACID

Common Name

English

TYROSINE, L-

Systematic Name

English

TYROSINE [MI]

Common Name

English

LEVODOPA IMPURITY B [EP IMPURITY]

Common Name

English

TYROSINE [USP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

TYROSINE [VANDF]

Common Name

English

2-AMINO-3-(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)PROPANOIC ACID, (S)-

Common Name

English

NSC-82624

Code

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

LOINC

47795-0