Inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi ) has long been known as a by-product of many intracellular biosynthetic reactions. PPi plays the regulatory role in living systems, such as activities of enzymes, fidelity of syntheses of macromolecules, and proliferation of cells. PPi is used as a biochemical energy source instead of ATP especially in bacteria, protists, and plants. PPi may also regulate the formation and dissolution of bone as well as pathologic calcification of soft tissues and the formation of urinary stones. The formation of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in the extracellular fluids of joints cause the disease called pseudogout. Sodium, potassium and calcium pyrophosphates (E450) are used as food additives as buffers and emulsifiers.

Erythrosine B (also known as Red No. 3), a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved red food dye, is found in cosmetics and food. It is also used as a plasma stain for nerve cells and staining bacteria in soil. It was studied the modulating capabilities of erythrosine B on amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) aggregation and Aβ-associated impaired neuronal cell function. It is known, that aggregation Aβ is closely linked to the development of Alzheimer's disease pathology.

D&C RED NO. 33, a red dye, is used as a colorant in cosmetic product. It’s also an inactive ingredient of JOHNSONS BATH DISCOVERY BABY GIFT SET, which is used to prevent diaper rash.

Pipemidic Acid is a quinolone antibacterial agent. It’s used in the treatment of urinary tract infections, recidive cystitis, prolongation of the therapy of pyelonephritis (prolonged therapy at patients with tendency to recidives. It belongs to DNA Gyrase inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antibacterial pharmacological group. Pipemidic acid is contraindicated at conditions of proved hypersensitivity, severe renal and hepatic insufficiency, cirrhosis of the liver, porphyria, diseases of the central nervous system (epilepsy and neurological conditions with low level for convulsions). Pipemidic acid is contraindicated at children and adolescents at growing phase.

Arsanilic acid, also known as aminophenyl arsenic acid or aminophenyl arsonic acid, is an organoarsenic compound first reported in 1863 by Antoine Béchamp. Arsanilic acid is a crystalline powder introduced medically in the late 19th century as Atoxyl, its sodium salt was used by injection in the early 20th century as the first organic arsenical drug, but it was soon found prohibitively toxic for human use. Arsanilic acid saw long use as a veterinary feed additive promoting growth and to prevent or treat dysentery in poultry and swine. In 2013, its approval by US government as an animal drug was voluntarily withdrawn by its sponsors. Still sometimes used in laboratories, Arsanilic acid's legacy is principally through its influence on Paul Ehrlich in launching the chemotherapeutic approach to treating infectious diseases of humans.

Butedronic acid is used for diagnostic purposes. Tetrasodium salt of butedronic acid is bone imaging agent.

Dimecrotic acid is a choleretic agent with spasmolytic properties. It is obtained by reaction of resorcinol with acetoacetate to give 4-methyl-7-hydroxycoumarin. It is indicated for the treatment of hepato-digestive insufficiency and its manifestations. It shouldn’t be used in case of blockage of bile ducts, severe liver failure and severe renal impairment. Diarrhea may be associated with high doses of dimecrotic acid.

Arsanilic acid, also known as aminophenyl arsenic acid or aminophenyl arsonic acid, is an organoarsenic compound first reported in 1863 by Antoine Béchamp. Arsanilic acid is a crystalline powder introduced medically in the late 19th century as Atoxyl, its sodium salt was used by injection in the early 20th century as the first organic arsenical drug, but it was soon found prohibitively toxic for human use. Arsanilic acid saw long use as a veterinary feed additive promoting growth and to prevent or treat dysentery in poultry and swine. In 2013, its approval by US government as an animal drug was voluntarily withdrawn by its sponsors. Still sometimes used in laboratories, Arsanilic acid's legacy is principally through its influence on Paul Ehrlich in launching the chemotherapeutic approach to treating infectious diseases of humans.

Phenibut (beta-phenyl-gamma-aminobutyric acid or 4-amino-3-phenylbutyric acid) is a neuropsychotropic drug that was discovered and introduced into clinical practice in Russia in the 1960s. It has anxiolytic and nootropic (cognition enhancing) effects. It acts as a GABA-mimetic, primarily at GABA(B) receptors. Pharmacological activity of racemic phenibut relies on R-phenibut and this correlates to the binding affinity of enantiomers of phenibut to the GABAB receptor. In addition R-phenibut binds to the α2-δ subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels. It is highly effective in treating anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, asthenia, insomnia, alcoholism, stuttering, and vestibular disorders. It also improves mental performance (attention, memory, speed and accuracy of sensory-motor reactions), physical performance, reduces sleep disorders as well as movement and speech disorders.

Phenibut (beta-phenyl-gamma-aminobutyric acid or 4-amino-3-phenylbutyric acid) is a neuropsychotropic drug that was discovered and introduced into clinical practice in Russia in the 1960s. It has anxiolytic and nootropic (cognition enhancing) effects. It acts as a GABA-mimetic, primarily at GABA(B) receptors. Pharmacological activity of racemic phenibut relies on R-phenibut and this correlates to the binding affinity of enantiomers of phenibut to the GABAB receptor. In addition R-phenibut binds to the α2-δ subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels. It is highly effective in treating anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, asthenia, insomnia, alcoholism, stuttering, and vestibular disorders. It also improves mental performance (attention, memory, speed and accuracy of sensory-motor reactions), physical performance, reduces sleep disorders as well as movement and speech disorders.