Talaporfin (INN, also known as aspartyl chlorin, mono-L-aspartyl chlorin e6, NPe6, or LS11) is a photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Talaporfin is injected into tumors and other regret tissues where it accumulates. It’s activated with light emitting diodes (LED). It absorbs red light at 664-667 nm normally provided by a laser tuned to this wavelength. It was approved in Japan (in 2004) for PDT of lung cancer and glioma and marketed as Laserphyrin. Clinical and preclinical studies indicate that talaporfin sodium treatment may offer a powerful option to synergize current therapies, as well as an alternative monotherapy in treating cancer.

Elobixibat is the first in class ileal bile acid transporter (IBAT) inhibitor. IBAT inhibitors block ileal absorption of bile acids by: (1) interrupting the enterohepatic circulation of bile resulting in a fall in serum cholesterol and (2) increasing the delivery of bile acids into the colon. Elobixibat stimulates both motor and secretory functions in the colon. Elobixibat is approved in Japan for the treatment of chronic constipation. Elobixibat has potential benefit in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Acexamic acid (N-acetyl-amino-6-hexanoic acid) is a drug used as a cicatrization helper. Some studies show that the acexamic acid prevents the formation the connective inflamed tissue and enables its healing. The association from acexamic acid with zinc, zinc acexamate, has been used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer and in the prevention of gastric ulcer induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Sitaxentan (TBC11251, trade name Thelin) is a potent and selective Endothelin A receptor antagonist. Sitaxentan was under development by Encysive Pharmaceuticals (now Pfizer) for use in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension, congestive heart failure and asthma. It was launched in the major markets of the European Union (EU) under name Thelin for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. In December 2010, Pfizer discontinued clinical trials of sitaxentan worldwide and initiated voluntary product withdrawal from markets where it is approved due to life-threatening idiosyncratic risk of liver injury.

Fenoverine is a potent musculotropic, the anti-spasmodic agent that restores smooth muscle motility and relieves the distressing symptoms associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and primary dysmenorrhea. Fenoverine is a non-anticholinergic phenothiazine derivative that may also inhibit calcium channel currents. Fenoverine primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract, bile duct, and female genital organs. Fenoverine has been repeatedly implicated in the occurrence of rhabdomyolysis, a potentially fatal adverse effect, in France. Thes drug has been therefore unavailable in France since December 1995 but commonly used in the treatment of gastrointestinal spasmodic disorders in Taiwan.

Pirenzepine is a M1 muscarinic receptor antagonist, which is prescribed for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer in Europe. The drug preferentially acts on the gastric mucosa to inhibit secretion of both gastric acid and pepsin. Experiment with healthy volunteers demonstrated that pirenzepine passes the blood-brain barrier, but only to a small extent.

Lanatoside C (or isolanid) is a cardiac glycoside, a type of drug that can be used in the treatment of heart disease. Digitalis lanata is a significant medicinal plant as a source of this compound. Lanatoside C is marketed in a number of countries and it’s also available in generic form. It can be transformed into digoxin by deglucolysation.

Aceglatone (Glucaron/ 2.5-Di-O-acetyl-D-glucaro-1,4:6,3-dilactone/ DAGDL ) is a non-toxic natural inhibitor of beta-glucuronidase. Is an antineoplastic drug available in Japan, which is used for preventive therapy after preservative operation against bladder cancer.

Antiinflamatory agent, analgesic, antipyretic, COX inhibitor. Approved in France in 1975, withdrawn in 1976 because of the neuropsychiatric reactions

Iopentol is a non-ionic X-ray contrast medium. It contains a tri-iodinated benzene ring, which, due to a high atomic density of iodine, causes hight attenuation of X-rays. Iopentol It has been used in various radiologic procedures to aid the radiographic visualization of selected tissues and organs. Iopentol is not commercially available in the United States, but was marketed in Europe under tradename Imagopaque for arteriography, urography, phlebography and computed tomography enhancement, arthrography, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, hysterosalpingography, and gastrointestinal studies.