Zabofloxacin (also known as DW-224a), a fluoroquinolone antibiotic agent, is a dual inhibitor of both DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV of Streptococcus pneumonia. Zabofloxacin successfully has completed phase III clinical trial in patients with acute bacterial exacerbation of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In addition, in May 2012, IASO terminated phase II trial of oral zabofloxacin capsules in patients with moderate-to-severe community-acquired pneumonia due to financial considerations.

Cilengitide is a cyclized Arg-Gly-Glu (RGD)-containing pentapeptide that selectively blocks activation of the αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrins. Its precursor was first synthesized in 1995 as c(RGDfV), and later modified by the incorporation of N-methyl Val c(RGDfMetV), generating the current form of the drug. Cilengitide displays subnanomolar antagonistic activity for αvβ3 and αvβ5, and is the first integrin antagonist evaluated in clinical phase I and II trials for treatment of glioblastoma and several other tumor types. Cilengitide-induced glioma cell death and inhibition of blood vessel formation may use different molecular mechanisms, including regulation of tumor hypoxia and activation of apoptotic pathways. Cilengitide inhibits cell signaling through FAK-Src-Akt and Erk mediated pathways in endothelial and tumor cells and attenuates the effect of VEGF stimulation on growth factor signaling. Cilengitide has shown encouraging activity in patients with glioblastoma as single agent, and in association with standard RT and temozolomide.

ABT-594 [(R)-5-(2-azetidinylmethoxy)-2-chloropyridine] is a potent cholinergic neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) ligand with analgesic properties. ABT-594 binds alpha-4/ beta-2 neuronal nAChRs acting as an agonist. ABT-594 is studying for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain.

Prodipine (also known as BY-101) is diphenylpiperidines derivative patented by Chemische Fabrik Promonta G.m.b.H. as an anti parkinsonian agent. Prodipine showed monoamine oxidase inhibiting effects in vitro (liver and brain homogenates) similar to those of harmaline. In preclinical studies, Prodipine caused no tachyphylaxis, no increased salivation, or hyperthermia, and had lower toxicity in mice than amphetamine or pemoline. Prodipine decreased reserpine-induced ptosis, antagonized tremorine-induced seizures, and caused only mild hypertension in mice.

Levomoprolol (L-moprolol) is a beta-adrenergic blocker which was introduced as an oral medication for treatment of systemic hypertension. It was found to be effective in 2% eyedrops in reducing the intraocular pressure in glaucoma. Observations on glaucoma patients treated with the eyedrop for 1.5 to 2.5 years was without undesirable side effects. L-moprolol and dipivefrin had an equivalent effect in lowering the intraocular pressure. The association of the two drugs caused a further reduction of intraocular pressure.

Propizepine is a benzodiazepinone derivative patented by Laboratoires U.P.S.A. as antidepressive, antihistaminic, antianaphylactic, thymoanaleptic, antiserotonine, antispasmodic, and analgetic compound. Propizepine used in France for the treatment of depression in the 1970s.

Atliprofen (previously known as IDPH 8261), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory cyclooxygenase inhibitor was developed as an anti-inflammatory drug. Low toxicity and high efficacy allowed making this compound a potentially useful therapeutic agent. IDPH 8261 participated in the clinical trial phase III in India for the treatment of rheumatic disorders However, information about the further development of the drug is not available.

Flurocitabine is an anti-metabolite that was developed by Hoffmann-La Roche for the treatment of cancer. The drug is metabolized to 2 biologically active substances, AFC (1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-fluorocytosine) and AFU (arabinofuranosyl-5-fluorouracil). Flurocitabine was tested against stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, small cell lung cancer and AML, however, the development was terminated in the early phases.

INT-131, a novel, non-thiazolidinedione (TZD), selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma modulator and partial agonist, which was investigated in phase II of clinical trial for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent diabetes) and Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing Remitting. The concept of selective modulation involves targeting and activating specific genes to minimize side effects while maintaining therapeutic benefits. In vitro, INT-131 attenuated adipogenic properties, indicating moderate PPAR gamma activation/cofactor recruitment compared with the full agonistic properties of TZD compounds.