Emodepside is a semi-synthetic product (originated by Astellas and out-licensed to Bayer for animal and human use); its precursor is synthesized by a fungus living in the leaves of Camellia japonica. It is a potent antihelminthic drug used in combination with praziquantel (as Profender®) and in combination with toltrazuril (as Procox®) for the treatment of parasitic worms in cats and dogs. Emodepside, a semi-synthetic derivative of PF1022A, belongs to a new class of anthelmintic drugs, the cyclooctadepsipeptides, and shows good efficacy against macrocyclic lactone-, levamisole- or benzimidazole-resistant nematode populations. Although putative receptors for emodepside have already been discovered, its mode of action is still not fully understood. It has being suggested that GABA(A)-receptor UNC-49 is associated with the emodepside mode of action. It has also being shown that Emodepside binds to a presynaptic latrophilin receptor in nematodes. The following presynaptic signal transduction occurs via activation of Gqalpha protein and phospholipase-Cbeta, which leads to mobilization of diacylglycerol (DAG). DAG then activates UNC-13 and synaptobrevin, two proteins which play an important role in presynaptic vesicle-functioning. This finally leads to the release of a currently unidentified transmitter. The transmitter (or modulator) exerts its effects at the postsynaptic membrane and induces a flaccid paralysis of the pharynx and the somatic musculature in nematodes.

Semduramicin is an ionophore coccidiostat used in the poultry industry as a feed additive. Semduramicin is marketed under the brand name Aviax among others, indicated for the prevention of coccidiosis in poultry, caused by Eimeria tenella, E. acervulina, E. maxima, E. brunetti, E. necatrix, and E. mitis.

Pyritidium (also known as Prothidium) is a Phenanthridinium derivative with powerful prophylactic activity against cattle trypanosomiasis. Prothidium dibromide was used for the treatment of sleeping sickness in man and nagana in cattle. Pyritidium is thought to have antiviral properties and to interfere with the synthesis of nucleic acids in a variety of organisms.

Diclazuril is a main component of veterinary drugs used for the treatment of coccidiosis (chickens, turkeys, rabbits, etc) and equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (horses). When used for the treatment of coccidiosis, it acts by causing the degeneration of schizonts and gamonts. While in the animals affected by protozoal myeloencephalitis the drug is believed to inhibit merozoite production. In vivo experiments on horses have shown that the drug may cross the blood brain barrier.

Imidocarb is a carbanilide derivative with antiprotozoal activity. It is usually administered as the dipropionate salt. Imidocarb is a drug sold under the brand name Imizol and is used to treat canine ehrlichiosis. wo mechanisms of action have been proposed: As the effect of imidocarb on Trypanosoma brucei is antagonized by excess polyamines, it is has been suggested that imidocarb interferes with their production and/or use. Imidocarb blocks the entry of inositol into erythrocytes containing Babesia, resulting in starvation of the parasite. It is generally accepted in that imidocarb has anticholinesterase activity.

Doramectin is a macrocyclic lactone isolated from fermentations of selected strains derived from the soil organism Streptomyces avermitilis. A primary mode of action of macrocyclic lactones is to modulate chloride ion channel activity in the nervous system of nematodes and arthropods. Macrocyclic lactones bind to receptors that increase membrane permeability to chloride ions. This inhibits the electrical activity of nerve cells in nematodes and muscle cells in arthropods and causes paralysis and death of the parasites. Doramectin is indicated for the treatment and control of gastrointestinal roundworms, lungworms, eyeworms, grubs, biting and sucking lice, horn flies, and mange mites in cattle.

Febantel is a anthelminthic agent used for the treatment of parasitic worms in animals.

Clorsulon is a compound belonging to the benzenesulphonamide family. It is used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of liver fluke (monotherapy), gasrtointestinal and lung worms, lice, grubs and mites (in combination with ivermectin) in cattles. Clorsulon inhibits the enzymes involved in the glycolytic pathways of the common liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica or Fasciola gigantica), namely phosphoglycerate kinase and phosphoglyceromutase.

Epsiprantel is a veterinary drug which is used as an antiparasitic agent. Epsiprantel in tablets (Cestex) is indicated for the removal of tapeworms in the cat (Dipylidium caninumand Taenia taeniaeformis) and dog (Dipylidium caninum and Taenia pisiformis). Epsiprantel acts directly on the tapeworm. Since it is minimally absorbed following oral administration, epsiprantel remains at the site of action within the gastrointestinal tract. Due to digestive process, tapeworm fragments or proglottids may not be readily visible in the stool. Epsiprantel is not a cholinesterase inhibitor. During the course of clinical field studies, Cestex was administered concurrently with diethylcarbamazine citrate (dogs only), anti-inflammatory agents, insecticides, and nematocides with no drug incompatibilities noted. The mechanism of action of epsiprantel appears to be similar to that of praziquantel, a drug that disrupts the regulation of calcium and other cations. Tetanic muscle contraction and paralysis occurs in the parasite, and the tegument becomes vacuolized

Oxibendazole is an anthelmintics drug which is used to protect against roundworms, strongyles, threadworms, pinworms and lungworm infestations in horses and other domestic pets. Oxibendazole causes degenerative alterations in the tegument and intestinal cells of the worm by binding to the colchicine-sensitive site of tubulin, thus inhibiting its polymerization or assembly into microtubules.