Methenolone (also known as primobolan) was described in 1960. Squibb Company began producing injectable drug in 1962. Methenolone originally was prescribed in case of muscle loss after operations, infections, long-term illnesses, aggressive therapy with corticoids or malnutrition, and in some cases it was used to treat osteoporosis and breast cancer. Methenolone was commonly used to promote weight gain in infants, weighing less than normal, without any side effects. Methenolone is an anabolic steroid, modification of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) with weak androgenic activity and a moderate anabolic effect. A notable trait of methenolone is that it can firmly bind to androgen receptors, stronger than testosterone. Adult doses for the treatment of aplastic anemia are usually in a range of 1–3 mg/kg per day. Adverse side effects include fluid and electrolyte retention, hypercalcaemia, increased bone growth and skeletal weight. In men, additional side priapism, azoospermia, hirsutism, male pattern baldness, acne andoedema. In women, side effects include virilization, amenorrhoea, menstrual irregularities, suppressed lactation, and increased libido. In children, side effects may include virilization symptoms. Metenolone may enhance effects of antidiabetics, ciclosporin, levothyroxine, warfarin. Resistance to the effects of neuromuscular blockers may occur, and metenolone also has the potential to interfere with glucose tolerance and thyroidfunction tests. Metenolone enanthate (methenolone enanthate) is an ester derivative of methenolone sold commonly under the brand names Primobolan (tablet form) orPrimobolan Depot (injectable). When it interacts with the aromatase enzyme it does not form any estrogens. It is used by people who are very susceptible to estrogenic side effects, having lowerestrogenic properties than nandrolone. This trait makes primobolan to be a good fat burner. Primobolan does not convert into estradiol. As an anabolic steroid, the use of metenolone is banned from use in sports governed by the World Anti-Doping Agency. Belarusian shot putter Nadzeya Ostapchuk was stripped of her gold medal after testing positive for metenolone at the London 2012 Olympic Games. She has been excluded from future IOC events. The NBA and NBPA also banned the use of methenolone under the Anti-Drug Program. In February 2013, Hedo Türkoğlu of the Orlando Magic was suspended for 20 games without pay by the league after testing positive for methenolone. In December 2013, Natalia Volgina was stripped of her 2013 Old Mutual Two Oceans Marathon title and received a two-year competition ban, subsequent to a final guilty verdict for using the steroid Metenolone.

Clorprenaline is a β2-adrenergic receptor agonist. As a bronchodilator it has been used for the treatment of bronchial asthma, bronchitis and other respiratory diseases. It is a potential new lean meat-boosting feed additive because it can promote animal muscular mass growth and decrease fat accumulation.

Drofenine, product name Spasmo-Cibalgin (Novartis, Oman), is an antispasmodic/anticholinergic agent used for relaxing smooth muscle, treating dysmenorrhea, and relieving pain in the gastrointestinal tract, biliary passages, and urogenital tract. The possible therapeutic effect of drofenine is proposed by its activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid-3 (TRPV3), a member of the TRPV subfamily of TRP ion channels.

Hopantenic acid (homopantothenic acid) is a central nervous system depressant. Formulated as the calcium salt, it is used as a pharmaceutical drug in the Russian Federation under the brand name Pantogam. In Russia it is widely used to treat a variety of neurological, psychological and psychiatric conditions. The drug has been on the pharmaceutical market since 1979 and has been proven to be safe even for children from 3 years old upwards. Hopantenic acid is a natural forming substance, has some of the lowest side effects and considered to be very safe. Use Pantogam to treat a wide variety of cognitive and nervous system disorders with combined sedative and mild stimulant effect. Hopantenic acid is not approved for use in Europe or the United States. GABA receptor agonist.

Tulobuterol is a long-acting beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist. Tulobuterol has almost no effects on blood pressure and heart rate and is highly selective for the tracheal muscle. It is indicated to improve symptoms such as respiratory distress caused by airway obstruction of bronchial asthma, bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and emphysema. Serious side effects detected were: tremor, palpitations and serum potassium level decrease.

Diquafosol, a dinucleotide Up4U, is an agonist for purinergic P2Y2 receptor. Diquafosol stimulated water and mucin secretion by acting on P2Y2 receptors on the conjunctival epithelial and goblet cell membrane and elevating intracellular calcium ion concentrations. The Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare granted approval for DIQUAS Ophthalmic Solution 3% (diquafosol tetrasodium) for the treatment of dry eye.

Nomegestrol acetate (NOMAC) is a 19-norprogesterone derivative with high biological activity at the progesterone receptor, a weak anti-androgenic effect, but with no binding to estrogen, glucocorticoid or mineralocorticoid receptors. Nomegestrol has been developed by the Monaco-based company Théramex SAM (a Teva subsidiary). Nomegestrol acetate has been used successfully for the treatment of some gynaecological disorders (menstrual disturbances, dysmenorrhoea, premenstrual syndrome) and as a component of hormone replacement therapy in combination with estradiol for the relief of menopausal symptoms; it has been approved in Europe as monotherapy for the treatment of the menopausal syndrome, uterine diseases and menorrhagia, and in combination with an estrogen for the treatment of menopausal symptoms. Nomegestrol acetate in combination with estradiol is used as an oral contraceptive.

Carpronium chloride is a hair growth reagent with a vasodilatory action. In vivo studies indicated that carpronium chloride achieved dilatation of vascular smooth muscle in the microcirculation of rats. FUROZIN SOLUTION 5% (active ingredient Carpronium chloride) has local vasodilating effect and hair growth stimulatory effect to improve alopecia and vitiligo. It is usually used for the prevention of hair loss, for hair growth stimulation, and in the treatment of seborrhea sicca and vitiligo vulgaris.

Ractopamine hydrochloride, a beta-adrenoceptor agonist, is a phenethanolamine salt approved for use as a feed additive. Recently published studies indicate that the RR-isomer (butopamine) is the stereoisomer with the most activity at the beta-adrenoceptor. Butopamine was shown to be a non-selective ligand at the beta1 and beta2-adrenoceptors, but signal transduction is more efficiently coupled through the b2-adrenoceptor than the beta1 adrenoceptor. Therefore, the RR-isomer of ractopamine is considered to be a full agonist at the beta2-adrenoceptor and a partial agonist at the beta1¬adrenoceptor. These results are consistent with the pharmacological characterization of racemic ractopamine in isolated cardiac (atria) and smooth muscle (costo-uterine, vas deferens, trachea), which shows a maximal response at beta2- and a submaximal response at beta1¬adrenoceptors when compared with the full beta1 and beta2-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol. Butopamine is chemically similar to dobutamine but, unlike dobutamine, it is not a catecholamine. Butopamine induces a positive inotropic response in patients with congestive heart failure but for equal increments in cardiac output, butopamine increases heart rate more than dobutamine. Butopamine inproved cardiac performance in patients with ventricular dysfunction and congestive heart failure. Butopamine was prepared by Tuttle et al (unpublished data) and has a structure similar to dobutamine. This compound is refractory to the action of catechol-O-methyl transferase and thus it is orally active and has a longlasting action. Clinical findings in acute heart failure cases have been reported by Thompson et al. Intravenous administration produced an increase in the cardiac index and heart rate and shortening of systolic time intervals. A few patients experienced ventricular ectopy, especially with the higher doses used. No data pertaining to oral administration are available.

Clobetasone is a corticosteroid used in dermatology, for treating such skin inflammation as seen in eczema, psoriasis and other forms of dermatitis, and ophthalmology. Topical clobetasone butyrate has shown minimal suppression of the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. It is available as clobetasone butyrate under the brand names Eumosone or Eumovate both manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline. Trimovate also contains Oxytetracycline, an antibiotic, and nystatin, an antifungal. Clobetasone butyrate is classed as a moderately potent topical corticosteroid. Clobetasone butyrate relieves the symptoms of a flare-up by reducing inflammation, itching and redness. It is not a cure for the condition, but it will help to relieve the symptoms. Although less potent topical steriods are often preferred for use in children, a short course of clobetasone butyrate may be prescribed for a child with severe eczema on the arms or legs. Short courses of clobetasone butyrate may also be prescribed for the treatment of psoriasis for areas such as the face, or the inside of elbows and behind the knees. In ophthalmology, clobetasone butyrate 0.1% eye drops have been shown to be safe and effective in the treatment of dry eyes in Sjögren's Syndrome.