Hematoporphyrin (Photodyn), a porphyrin prepared from hemin, is used as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy. Photodynamic therapy is based on the use of light-sensitive photosensitizers. Photoactivation causes the formation of singlet oxygen, which produces peroxidative reactions that can cause cell damage and death. Hematoporphyrin was used as the therapeutic agent in patients with manic-depressive reactions and in patients with involutional melancholia. One of the last studies has shown, that Hematoporphyrin-Photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with stent placement is an effective and safe treatment for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC).

Clorindione belongs to a class of drugs which are known to be vitamin K antagonists, and is a derivative of phenindione. It has been demonstrated as effective in reducing prothrombin levels in humans and also to reduce serum cholesterol and triglycerides in mice.

Cinnamedrine is an active ingredient of midol (a combination of cinnamedrine hydrochloride, aspirin, phenacetin, and caffeine) used to relieve dysmenorrhea. Midol was an over-the-counter drug, which was discontinued due to a marketing decision.

Cinromide possesses antiepileptic activity in various animal models. However, in the experiments for human, this drug had a very limited clinical usefulness and was withdrawn from testing by its manufacturer. The lack of an antiepileptic response may have been due to factors other than species differences but indicates that a positive result of a drug in animal models is not the sole factor necessary to predict beneficial antiepileptic activity in humans. In addition, cinromide was studied for the patients with Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome, as a result, there was no difference between cinromide and placebo in terms of seizure reduction or global evaluations.

There is a little information about acetoxolone. It is known, that this drug is an acetyl derivative of the glycyrrhetinic acid, which is used to treat peptic ulcer.

Zacopride is a potent antagonist at the 5-HT3 receptor and an agonist at the 5-HT4 receptor with antiemetic, anxiolytic and nootropic effects in animal models. Zacopride also has pro-respiratory effects, both reducing sleep apnea and reversing opioid-induced respiratory depression in animal studies. Zacopride has been tested in clinical trials for the treatment of schizophrenia but was found unsuccessful.

Dihydralazine is a compound with antihypertensive properties and is in clinical trials, where is studied its effect on kidney function and hormones in healthy individuals.

Deptropine citrate is a well-known H1-histamine receptor antagonist and muscarinic receptor antagonist. It is prescribed frequently for treatment of asthma, although there has been a sharp decrease in prescriptions since 1994. Deptropine is gradually being replaced by inhaled beta 2 adrenergic agonists and glucocorticosteroids as the preferred clinical prescription. Recently deptropine has garnered interest as a potential treatment for breast cancer. In vitro studies have shown deptropine citrate has inhibitory effects on cell viability and mammosphere formation in Breast Cancer Stem Cells (BCSCs). However, it does not seem to inhibit the self-renewal capacity of the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 when it is enriched with Cancer Stem Cells.

Clopirac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. It is a weak inhibitor of prostaglandin synthetase and has standard anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. It effectivity inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in vitro. The metabolites of clopirac in humans and monkeys include the glucuronide of clopirac and the pyrrole carboxylic acid. Efficacy of clopirac in rheumatoid arthritis, trauma conditions, osteoarthritis and pain was evaluated in many clinical trials.

Amiphenazole, a respiratory stimulant, can be used parenteral and oral. Nicholas Laboratories marketed it under the trade name Daptazole. It was used to treat chronic respiratory failure, by increasing ventilation and by reduction of the pCO2 in some patients. Increased ventilation was brought about by an increase in tidal volume rather than an increase in respiratory rate. In combination with bemegride, amiphenazole was used as an antidote for barbiturate, glutethimide overdose, as well as poisoning from other sedative drugs. Now, this drug is used very rarely, because it replaced by more effective drugs.