Manganese gluconate is a manganese salt of gluconic acid. Manganese gluconate is sometimes used as a food additive for its texture and light pink coloring. As a food additive, manganese gluconate increases satiety, and the texture of processed foods related to mouth feel. However, in recent years, manganese gluconate has been used less and less as a food additive due to its high toxicity. Many food manufacturers have abandoned using manganese gluconate in favor of other chemical compounds that provide similar effects with a lower toxicity. According to the Food and Drug Administration, manganese gluconate is generally recognized as safe, or GRAS. However, high amounts of manganese gluconate intake, upwards of 15 mg per day, may cause potentially serious health risks. Manganese gluconate toxicity may cause a chemical imbalance in the brain, increasing your risk of developing anxiety, depression, nervousness, psychosis, and mania. Manganese gluconate is used for prevention of deficiency and osteoporosis (off-label).

Proscillaridin is a substance that was used in Europe for the treatment of heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Proscillaridin belongs to glycosides and acts as a Na /K -ATPase inhibitor.

Bromisoval (INN; aka bromvalerylurea) is a hypnotic and sedative compound of the bromoureide group discovered by Knoll in 1907 and patented in 1909. It is marketed over the counter in Asia under various trade names (such as Brovarin) usually in combination with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Chronic use of bromisoval has been associated with bromine poisoning. Bromovisal can be prepared by bromination of isovaleric acid by the Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction followed by reaction with urea. Bromvalerylurea (BU) can suppress expression of many kinds of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators in LPS- or interferon-γ activated alveolar and peritoneal macrophages. Bromisoval was found to ameliorate sepsis in rats. It also prevents elevated serum-IL-6 level as well as IL-6 mRNA expression in septic rats. Bromisoval was also found useful for inflammatory skin disorders. The compound is able to suppress the TLR ligands-induced proinflammatory response similar to the steroid DEX without the side effects often associated with the steroid usage.

Salinazid (Acozid, Nupasal-213) is an antibacterial agent used primarily as a tuberculostatic. It used to be the treatment of choice for tuberculosis.

Aklomide is an anticoccidial drug, which was approved by FDA fr the prevention of coccidiosis in chickens (in combination with sulfanitran), but lately withdrawn by the manufacturer decision.

The Rauwolfia alkaloid, raubasine (ajmalicine), has been found to have broad application in the treatment of circulatory diseases, especially in the relief of obstruction of normal cerebral blood flow. In combination with other Rauwolfia alkaloids it has been used to lower high blood pressure. Raubasine is an antihypertensive drug used in the treatment of high blood pressure. It has been marketed under numerous brand names including Card-Lamuran, Circolene, Cristanyl, Duxil, Duxor, Hydroxysarpon, Iskedyl, Isosarpan, Isquebral, Lamuran, Melanex, Saltucin Co, Salvalion, and Sarpan. Raubasine acts as a α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist.

Brotizolam (marketed under brand name Lendormin) is a sedative-hypnotic thienotriazolodiazepine drug which is a benzodiazepine analog. It possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties, and is considered to be similar in effect to short-acting benzodiazepines such as triazolam. It is used in the short-term treatment of severe or debilitating insomnia and in a dose of 0.25 mg can be used as a premedication prior to surgery, this dose was found to be comparable in efficacy to 2 mg flunitrazepam as a premedicant prior to surgery. The drug was developed by a team led by T Nishiyama while working for Takeda Chemical Industries in 1976 in Japan. Brotizolam is not approved for sale in the UK, United States or Canada. It is approved for sale in the Netherlands, Germany, Spain, Belgium, Luxembourg, Austria, Portugal, Israel, Italy, Taiwan and Japan. Insomnia. Brotizolam is prescribed for the short-term treatment, 2–4 weeks only of severe or debilitating insomnia. Insomnia can be described as a difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakening, early awakenings or a combination of each. Brotizolam inhibits the hypothalamus and cerebral limbic system controlling emotion through GABA, a typical inhibitory transmitter of central nervous system. As a result, unnecessary stimulation from the autonomic nervous system and other sites is blocked, demonstrating central nervous action including hypnosis, sedation and anti-anxiety

Iophendylate (Pantopaque (in USA) or Myodil, formerly manufactures by Glaxo Laboratories (London,UK) was commonly used from the 1940s until the late 1980s for myelography, cisternography, and ventriculography; the use of oil-based contrast agents such as Myodil has been discontinued, and images of intradural oil-based contrast are rarely encountered at present. In 1942 Van Wagenen (a neurosurgical colleague of Warrens, at the University of Rochester) identified Iophendylate as causing chemical meningitis in 30 patients where "space-displacing masses within the spinal canal were suspected". Iophendylate has been shown to be both a radiographic and magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent in patients with suspected cord abnormalities who underwent MR examination following myelography. The iophendylate appears as a linear band of high signal intensity along the dependent portion of the spinal canal on MR images obtained with a repetition time of 500 msec and an echo time of 30 msec. Recently was published report, where depicted a unique case of posteriorly located subdural trapped Myodil, about three decades after myelography. The clinical picture of that case highlighted that such a complication didn’t carry the risk of arachnoiditis and could remain silent for several decades. Although Iophendylate is not used for evaluation of spinal disease anymore in the modern diagnostic era, its former use and its intrathecal persistence makes its recognition in MR imaging important. That case emphasized the necessity of awareness about these rare features which continue to present even decades after abandonment of oil-based myelography.

Nequinate is an aid in the prevention of coccidiosis caused by E. tenella, E. necatrix, E. acervulina, E. maxima, E. brunetti, and E. mivati.

Etofylline [7-(2-hydroxyethyl)theophylline] is a N-7-substituted derivative of theophylline, a smooth muscle relaxant. Etofylline is used to relieve bronchoconstriction. It may act as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor and adenosine receptor antagonist.