Taraxasteryl acetate was identified as the major triterpenoid of the root bark of Scolymus hispanicus L. Antispasmodic. Taraxasterol acetate exhibits antiinflammatory activity. In mice ear edema (induced by phorbol-12-mirystate-13-acetate, croton oil, and arachidonic acid), taraxasteryl acetate showed a topical anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, it was found that taraxasteryl acetate has potent preventive activity against acute hepatic failure induced by P. acnes and LPS in a dose-dependent manner. There are also reports of a secondary effect of taraxasteryl acetate on the heat shock protein response.

Pimaric acid is a carboxylic acid from the resin acid group. It is a BK-channel opener and inhibits TNF-alpha induced signaling by downregulating NF-kB and AP-1.

Triadimenol is a triazole-type fungicide that is identified as weak estrogen receptor agonist. Triadimenol is a systemic fungicide with protective, curative and eradicant action. Absorbed by the roots and leaves, with ready translocation in young growing tissues, but less ready translocation in older, woody tissues. Triadimenolis used for controlling of powdery mildews, rusts and Rhynchosporium in cereals, and, when applied as a seed treatment, control of bunt, smuts, Typhula spp., seedling blight, leaf stripe, net blotch and other cereal diseases. Also used on vegetables, ornamentals, coffee, hops, vines, fruit, tobacco, sugar cane, bananas and other crops, mainly against powdery mildews, rusts and various leaf spot diseases.

There is no information about biological or pharmacological application of lead formate, this substance is used for proteomics research.

6α-fluorotestosterone (6α-fluoro T) acts as a competitive inhibitor of aromatase cytochrome P450. The mechanism by which substitution of a fluorine at the 6 alpha-position interferes with the aromatization reaction remains to be determined, but the inhibitory action on estrogen formation may potentiate the androgenic properties of 6 alpha-fluorotestosterone in vivo due to a lowering of estrogen levels. Besides, 6α-fluoroT promotes male sex behavior, it does not promote mating by unassisted estrogen receptor binding and it does not promote mating via metabolism to another androgen.

β-Estradiol 17-acetate is a natural metabolite of estradiol. Hydrolytic enzymes in human cadaver, hairless dog, rat and hairless mouse skin can metabolize β-Estradiol 17-acetate to β-Estradiol. β-Estradiol 17-acetate transported across the human and hairless dog skin can be effectively metabolized before entering the capillary.

β-Zearalenol is a nonsteroidal estrogen of the resorcylic acid lactone group related to mycoestrogens found in Fusarium spp. β-Zearalenol is the β epimer of α-zearalenol and along with α-zearalenol is a major metabolite of zearalenone formed mainly in the liver but also to a lesser extent in the intestines during the first-pass metabolism. β-Zearalenol is about the same or slightly less potent as an estrogen relative to zearalenone. Contamination of grains by Fusarium species, notably maize, gives rise to high levels of zearalenol and is regarded as an important food quality issue for both human and animal health.

Palitantin is an antifungal and antiprotozoal compound used in biochemical research. Palitantin was first isolated as a metabolite of Penicillium palitaus by Birkinshaw and Raistrick in 1936. Palitantin possess moderate antimycobacterial activity.

The root of Aster tataricus L. f. (recorded in all versions of Chinese Pharmacopoeia) is a traditional Chinese medicine with the function of dispelling phlegm and relieving cough for more than 2000 years. Shionone is one of the principal components. It was extracted from Aster tataricus and possesses anti-inflammatory effects. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of shionone was related to a decrease in the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 protein and IκBα and the protein expression of iNOS. In addition, shionone can inhibit the activity of ubiquitin-specific protease 2 (USP2) and provide a lead compound for the future development of new USP2 inhibitors.

Erucic acid is a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid found mainly in the Brassica family of plants such as canola, rapeseed, wallflower seed, mustard seed as well as Brussels spouts and broccoli. Erucic acid has many of the same uses as mineral oils but with the advantage that it is more readily biodegradable. Its high tolerance to temperature makes it suitable for transmission oil. Its ability to polymerize and dry means it can be - and is - used as a binder for oil paints. Increased levels of eicosenoic acid (20:ln9) and erucic acid (22:1n9) have been found in the red blood cell membranes of autistic subjects with developmental regression. While studies done on laboratory animals in the early 1970s show that erucic acid appears to have toxic effects on the heart at high enough doses, an association between the consumption of rapeseed oil and increased myocardial lipidosis, or heart disease, has not been established for humans. While there are reports of toxicity from long-term use of Lorenzo's oil (which contains erucic acid and other ingredients), there are no reports of harm to people from dietary consumption of erucic acid. In 2003, Food Standards Australia set a provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) for an average adult of about 500 mg/day of erucic acid, extrapolated based on "the level that is associated with increased myocardial lipidosis in nursing pigs."