Disodium phenyl phosphate is a monophenyl ester of phosphoric acid. It is used as tool compound to study the efficacy of phosphatases. Hydrolysis of phenyl phosphate by milk phosphatases was used to used to indicate whether milk has been adequately pasteurized or whether it has been contaminated with raw milk after pasteurization. Phenyl phosphate was also used as a molecular fragment for fragment-based drug discovery of Src SH2.

Nickel nitrate, a water soluble salt of Ni is irritating to the eyes, skin and, upon inhalation of the dust, respiratory tract. It may cause skin allergy. Nickel nitrate is a carcinogen, along with most other nickel compounds. The nickel ion is also toxic to aquatic organisms.

2,4-dichlorophenacyl chloride is a metabolite of the alkenyl phosphate insecticides dimethylvinphos and chlorfenvinphos. 2,4-dichlorophenacyl chloride is a reagent used in the synthesis of isoconazole, a potent antifungal agent.

Methyl hesperidin is a flavanone-type flavonoid and a methylated derivative of hesperidin. It exhibits better bioactivities and water-solubility than hesperidin. It could improve the permeability and integrity of the capillary lining and usually found in association with vitamin C to enhance its effect.

Methyl 7-Oxohydroabietate is an oxidation product of abietic acid and a known allergen. It has been shown to be cytotoxic against keratin forming tumor cells (KB cells).

Phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside is a component of Phellodendron amurense. It was discovered, that phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside might be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of anti-inflammatory diseases, due to its inhibition of the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), which is one of the most important transcription factors involved in the inflammatory process. In addition, Phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside attenuated proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside abolished increased adhesion, ninjurin 1 (Ninj1) expression, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity induced by endotoxin treatment.

Tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine or TCEP is a potent, versatile, odorless, thiol-free reducing agent with broad application to protein and other research involving reduction of disulfide bonds. Because TCEP does not contain thiols, it does not have to removed from solutions before performing reactions involving maleimide labeling or cross-linking reagents. TCEP may be used as a substitute for DTT or 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) in reducing sample loading buffer for SDS-PAGE. One strategy for labeling antibodies involves reducing disulfide bonds in the hinge region of IgG molecules without also reducing those connecting heavy and light chains.

FPL 64176 is a nondihydropyridine L-type calcium channel activator with high efficacy properties. It is being used as a tool for studying the physiological roles and disorders of L-type channels, identification of L-type currents within the mix of channel subtypes and for increasing the contractility of smooth and cardiac muscle.

11-deoxy Prostaglandin E1 (11-deoxy PGE1) is a synthetic analog of PGE1. It is a non-selective agonist of the prostaglandin E2 receptors (EP2, EP3, and EP4 subtypes) and stimulates cAMP release in Jurkat cells.

Trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine (TFMPP) acts on serotonin receptors 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT1D, 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C and functions as a full agonist at all sites except the 5-HT2A receptor, where it acts as a weak partial agonist or antagonist. In addition, TFMPP binds to the sodium-dependent serotonin transporter, SERT and evokes the release of serotonin. Besides was shown, that the N-Benzylpiperazine/TFMPP combination produced effects, which crudely mimic those of MDMA, commonly known as ecstasy. The neurophysiological effects of TFMPP in humans was also studied and was shown that TFMPP may affect transmitter systems involved in speeding of interhemispheric communication in the male brain.