U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C2H5NO2
Molecular Weight 75.0666
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of Glycine

SMILES

NCC(O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C2H5NO2/c3-1-2(4)5/h1,3H2,(H,4,5)

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula C2H5NO2
Molecular Weight 75.0666
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Glycine (Cly) is a natural amino acid neurotransmitter that acts as a co-agonist at Glutamate [NMDA] receptors in the brain and is an activator of glycine receptors, GLRA1-3, GLRB. The abnormal Gly levels have been implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders. Alterations in Gly levels are implicated in several diseases of the central nervous system. Glycine was studied in phase II of clinical trials in patients with schizophrenia. The results have shown that using of glycine was associated with reduced symptoms with promising effect sizes and a possibility of improvement in cognitive function. Besides, glycine was also studied in clinical trials phase II in children with cystic fibrosis. The clinical, spirometric and inflammatory status of subjects with cystic fibrosis improved after just 8 weeks of glycine intake, suggesting that this amino acid might constitute a novel therapeutic tool for these patients. In addition, Gly was proposed as a biomarker for brain tumor malignancy. Glycine is a component of a nutrients mixture for peripheral administration to well-nourished mildly catabolic adult patients who require only short-term parenteral nutrition.

CNS Activity

Curator's Comment: Known to be CNS non-penetrant in rabbit. Human data not available.

Approval Year

TargetsConditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Diagnostic
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Palliative
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Palliative
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Preventing
FREAMINE III 8.5%

Approved Use

Aminosyn, Sulfite-Free, (a crystalline amino acid solution) infused with dextrose by peripheral vein infusion is indicated as a source of nitrogen in the nutritional support of patients with adequate stores of body fat, in whom, for short periods of time, oral nutrition cannot be tolerated, is undesirable, or inadequate. SUPPLEMENTAL ELECTROLYTES, IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PRESCRIPTION OF THE ATTENDING PHYSICIAN, MUST BE ADDED TO AMINOSYN SOLUTIONS WITHOUT ELECTROLYTES. Aminosyn can be administered peripherally with dilute (5 to 10%) dextrose solution and I.V. fat emulsion as a source of nutritional support. This form of nutritional support can help to preserve protein and reduce catabolism in stress conditions where oral intake is inadequate. When administered with concentrated dextrose solutions with or without fat emulsions, Aminosyn is also indicated for central vein infusion to prevent or reverse negative nitrogen balance in patients where: (a) the alimentary tract, by the oral, gastrostomy or jejunostomy route cannot or should not be used; (b) gastrointestinal absorption of protein is impaired; (c) metabolic requirements for protein are substantially increased as with extensive burns and (d) morbidity and mortality may be reduced by replacing amino acids lost from tissue breakdown, thereby preserving tissue reserves, as in acute renal failure.

Launch Date

1971
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Differences in phosphorylation of human and chicken stathmin by MAP kinase.
2001
The effect of amino acid spacers on the antigenicity of dimeric peptide--inducing cross-reacting antibodies to a cell surface protein antigen of Streptococcus mutans.
2001 Feb
The folate cycle and disease in humans.
2001 Feb
Functional projection distances of spinal interneurons mediating reciprocal inhibition during swimming in Xenopus tadpoles.
2001 Feb
Distribution of transcripts for the brain-specific GDP/GTP exchange factor collybistin in the developing mouse brain.
2001 Feb
Biosynthesis of threonine from homoserine by mixed rumen microorganisms: an in vitro study.
2001 Feb
Trimethylamine oxide counteracts effects of hydrostatic pressure on proteins of deep-sea teleosts.
2001 Feb 15
Isolation of a new melanoma antigen, MART-2, containing a mutated epitope recognized by autologous tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes.
2001 Feb 15
vCLAP, a caspase-recruitment domain-containing protein of equine Herpesvirus-2, persistently activates the Ikappa B kinases through oligomerization of IKKgamma.
2001 Feb 2
Ligand-independent dimerization and activation of the oncogenic Xmrk receptor by two mutations in the extracellular domain.
2001 Feb 2
DNA recognition by the methyl-CpG binding domain of MeCP2.
2001 Feb 2
Amino acid residues outside of the pore region contribute to N-type calcium channel permeation.
2001 Feb 23
Replacement of the axial histidine ligand with imidazole in cytochrome c peroxidase. 1. Effects on structure.
2001 Feb 6
Critical role of the residue size at position 87 in H2O2- dependent substrate hydroxylation activity and H2O2 inactivation of cytochrome P450BM-3.
2001 Feb 9
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV with a unique point mutation in COL3A1 and familial phenotype of myocardial infarction without organic coronary stenosis.
2001 Jan
A missense mutation encoding cys(67) --> gly in neurophysin ii is associated with early onset autosomal dominant neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus.
2001 Jan
Determination of bile acids in biological fluids by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry.
2001 Jan
Slow dorsal-ventral rhythm generator in the lamprey spinal cord.
2001 Jan
Excitatory amino acid concentrations in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid after severe traumatic brain injury in infants and children: the role of child abuse.
2001 Jan
Neither GABA(A) nor strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors are the sole mediators of MAC for isoflurane.
2001 Jan
Ethanol potentiation of glycine-induced responses in dissociated neurons of rat ventral tegmental area.
2001 Jan
A high resolution (1)H magic angle spinning NMR study of a high-M(r) subunit of wheat glutenin.
2001 Jan
Selective activation of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors upregulates preprodynorphin, substance P, and preproenkephalin mRNA expression in rat dorsal striatum.
2001 Jan
Analysis of glycoconjugate patterns of normal and hormone-induced dysplastic Noble rat prostates, and an androgen-independent Noble rat prostate tumor, by lectin histochemistry and protein blotting.
2001 Jan 1
Crystal structure of soybean proglycinin A1aB1b homotrimer.
2001 Jan 12
Three pairs of cysteine residues mediate both redox and zn2+ modulation of the nmda receptor.
2001 Jan 15
Intracellular folding pathway of the cystine knot-containing glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit.
2001 Jan 16
Flavonoid 6-hydroxylase from soybean (Glycine max L.), a novel plant P-450 monooxygenase.
2001 Jan 19
The function of Arg-94 in the oxidation and decarboxylation of glutaryl-CoA by human glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase.
2001 Jan 5
Genetics, an alternative way to discover, characterize and understand ion channels.
2001 Jan-Feb
Computed free energy differences between point mutations in a collagen-like peptide.
2001 Mar
(S)-3,4-DCPG, a potent and selective mGlu8a receptor agonist, activates metabotropic glutamate receptors on primary afferent terminals in the neonatal rat spinal cord.
2001 Mar
Pet111p, an inner membrane-bound translational activator that limits expression of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrial gene COX2.
2001 Mar 2
Substrate and inhibitor specificities for human monoamine oxidase A and B are influenced by a single amino acid.
2001 Mar 30
Amino acid residue penultimate to the amino-terminal gly residue strongly affects two cotranslational protein modifications, N-myristoylation and N-acetylation.
2001 Mar 30
Patents

Sample Use Guides

Daily oral supplement of glycine at a dose of 0.5 g/kg divided in three doses during 8 weeks
Route of Administration: Oral
The excess of glycine inhibits the growth of many bacteria, and it is used as a nonspecific antiseptic agent due to its low level of toxicity in animals. The MIC at which 90% of strains are inhibited for glycine was almost 2.5 mg/ml for 31 strains of H. pylori, including CLR-resistant strains.
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023
Edited
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023
Record UNII
TE7660XO1C
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
Glycine
EP   FCC   FHFI   GREEN BOOK   HSDB   II   INCI   INN   MART.   MI   ORANGE BOOK   USP   USP-RS   VANDF   WHO-DD  
INCI   INN  
Official Name English
GLYCINE [INCI]
Common Name English
Glycine [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
GLYCINE [VANDF]
Common Name English
FEMA NO. 3287
Code English
GLYCINE [MART.]
Common Name English
GLYCINE [JAN]
Common Name English
GLYCOLIXIR
Brand Name English
GLYCINE [ORANGE BOOK]
Common Name English
GLYCINE [HSDB]
Common Name English
GLYCINE [FHFI]
Common Name English
GLYCINE [GREEN BOOK]
Common Name English
AMINOACETIC ACID
Systematic Name English
GLYCINE [FCC]
Common Name English
GLYCINE [II]
Common Name English
SERINE IMPURITY B [EP IMPURITY]
Common Name English
AMINOETHANOIC ACID
Systematic Name English
GLYCINE [USP-RS]
Common Name English
GLYCINE [USP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
GLYCOCOLL
Common Name English
NSC-25936
Code English
GLYCINE [EP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
GLYCINE [MI]
Common Name English
2-AMINOACETIC ACID
Systematic Name English
glycine [INN]
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
LOINC 25922-6
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CFR 21 CFR 520.1060
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JECFA EVALUATION GLYCINE
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CFR 21 CFR 310.532
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CFR 21 CFR 582.5049
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CFR 21 CFR 331.11
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DSLD 177 (Number of products:5)
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CFR 21 CFR 331.15
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WHO-VATC QB05CX03
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CFR 21 CFR 172.812
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Code System Code Type Description
FDA UNII
TE7660XO1C
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB12000MIG
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
CHEBI
15428
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
GLYCINE
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000091968
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
INN
630
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
MESH
D005998
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C524
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
750
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PRIMARY
DAILYMED
TE7660XO1C
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
HSDB
495
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PRIMARY
NSC
25936
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PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID9020667
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PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL773
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PRIMARY
JECFA MONOGRAPH
1411
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PRIMARY
CAS
56-40-6
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
m5796
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023
PRIMARY Merck Index
CHEBI
29947
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PRIMARY
CHEBI
57305
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PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB00145
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PRIMARY
RXCUI
4919
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PRIMARY RxNorm
DRUG CENTRAL
1319
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PRIMARY
RS_ITEM_NUM
1295800
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PRIMARY
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
200-272-2
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:14:33 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
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