SOTALOL

Details

Stereochemistry	RACEMIC
Molecular Formula	C12H20N2O3S
Molecular Weight	272.364
Optical Activity	( + / - )
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

CC(C)NCC(O)C1=CC=C(NS(C)(=O)=O)C=C1

InChI

InChIKey=ZBMZVLHSJCTVON-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C12H20N2O3S/c1-9(2)13-8-12(15)10-4-6-11(7-5-10)14-18(3,16)17/h4-7,9,12-15H,8H2,1-3H3

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C12H20N2O3S
Molecular Weight	272.364
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	RACEMIC
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 1
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	( + / - )

Description
Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/019865s021lbl.pdf
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including: https://www.drugs.com/mtm/sotalol.html http://www.rxlist.com/betapace-drug.htm http://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Sotalol

Sotalol has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking and cardiac action potential duration prolongation antiarrhythmic properties. Sotalol inhibits response to adrenergic stimuli by competitively blocking β1-adrenergic receptors within the myocardium and β2-adrenergic receptors within bronchial and vascular smooth muscle. It is FDA approved for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias, symptomatic atrial fibtillation, symptomatic atriall flutter. Common adverse reactions include bradyarrhythmia, chest pain, lightheadedness, palpitations, rash, nausea, dizziness, headache, dyspnea, fatigue. Proarrhythmic events were more common in sotalol treated patients also receiving digoxin. Sotalol should be administered with caution in conjunction with calcium blocking drugs because of possible additive effects on atrioventricular conduction or ventricular function. Patients treated with sotalol plus a catecholamine depletor should therefore be closely monitored for evidence of hypotension and/or marked bradycardia which may produce syncope.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Potency
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor 158 Target ID: CHEMBL213 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2865685 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11815381 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19259968 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15060759 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8095397	Antagonist 2778	5.31 null [pKi]
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor 203 Target ID: CHEMBL210 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2865685 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19259968 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8095397	Antagonist 2778	141.0 nM [Kd]
HERG 92 Target ID: CHEMBL240 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11090546	Blocker 537

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Ventricular arrhythmia 50 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/019865s021lbl.pdf	Primary	Approved 8429	BETAPACE Approved Use Oral sotalol hydrochloride is indicated for the treatment of documented ventricular arrhythmias, such as sustained ventricular tachycardia, that in the judgment of the physician are life-threatening. Because of the proarrhythmic effects of sotalol (see WARNINGS ), including a 1.5 to 2% rate of torsade de pointes or new VT/VF in patients with either NSVT or supraventricular arrhythmias, its use in patients with less severe arrhythmias, even if the patients are symptomatic, is generally not recommended. Treatment of patients with asymptomatic ventricular premature contractions should be avoided. Initiation of sotalol treatment or increasing doses, as with other antiarrhythmic agents used to treat life-threatening arrhythmias, should be carried out in the hospital. The response to treatment should then be evaluated by a suitable method (e.g., PES or Holter monitoring) prior to continuing the patient on chronic therapy. Various approaches have been used to determine the response to antiarrhythmic therapy, including sotalol. In the ESVEM Trial, response by Holter monitoring was tentatively defined as 100% suppression of ventricular tachycardia, 90% suppression of non-sustained VT, 80% suppression of paired VPCs, and 75% suppression of total VPCs in patients who had at least 10 VPCs/hour at baseline; this tentative response was confirmed if VT lasting 5 or more beats was not observed during treadmill exercise testing using a standard Bruce protocol. The PES protocol utilized a maximum of three extrastimuli at three pacing cycle lengths and two right ventricular pacing sites. Response by PES was defined as prevention of induction of the following: 1) monomorphic VT lasting over 15 seconds; 2) non-sustained polymorphic VT containing more than 15 beats of monomorphic VT in patients with a history of monomorphic VT; 3) polymorphic VT or VF greater than 15 beats in patients with VF or a history of aborted sudden death without monomorphic VT; and 4) two episodes of polymorphic VT or VF of greater than 15 beats in a patient presenting with monomorphic VT. Sustained VT or NSVT producing hypotension during the final treadmill test was considered a drug failure. In a multicenter open-label long-term study of sotalol in patients with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias which had proven refractory to other antiarrhythmic medications, response by Holter monitoring was defined as in ESVEM. Response by PES was defined as non-inducibility of sustained VT by at least double extrastimuli delivered at a pacing cycle length of 400 msec. Overall survival and arrhythmia recurrence rates in this study were similar to those seen in ESVEM, although there was no comparative group to allow a definitive assessment of outcome. Antiarrhythmic drugs have not been shown to enhance survival in patients with ventricular arrhythmias. Sotalol is also indicated for the maintenance of normal sinus rhythm [delay in time to recurrence of atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AFIB/AFL) Launch Date 1992
Atrial fibrillation 131 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/019865s021lbl.pdf	Primary	Approved 8429	BETAPACE Approved Use Oral sotalol hydrochloride is indicated for the treatment of documented ventricular arrhythmias, such as sustained ventricular tachycardia, that in the judgment of the physician are life-threatening. Because of the proarrhythmic effects of sotalol (see WARNINGS ), including a 1.5 to 2% rate of torsade de pointes or new VT/VF in patients with either NSVT or supraventricular arrhythmias, its use in patients with less severe arrhythmias, even if the patients are symptomatic, is generally not recommended. Treatment of patients with asymptomatic ventricular premature contractions should be avoided. Initiation of sotalol treatment or increasing doses, as with other antiarrhythmic agents used to treat life-threatening arrhythmias, should be carried out in the hospital. The response to treatment should then be evaluated by a suitable method (e.g., PES or Holter monitoring) prior to continuing the patient on chronic therapy. Various approaches have been used to determine the response to antiarrhythmic therapy, including sotalol. In the ESVEM Trial, response by Holter monitoring was tentatively defined as 100% suppression of ventricular tachycardia, 90% suppression of non-sustained VT, 80% suppression of paired VPCs, and 75% suppression of total VPCs in patients who had at least 10 VPCs/hour at baseline; this tentative response was confirmed if VT lasting 5 or more beats was not observed during treadmill exercise testing using a standard Bruce protocol. The PES protocol utilized a maximum of three extrastimuli at three pacing cycle lengths and two right ventricular pacing sites. Response by PES was defined as prevention of induction of the following: 1) monomorphic VT lasting over 15 seconds; 2) non-sustained polymorphic VT containing more than 15 beats of monomorphic VT in patients with a history of monomorphic VT; 3) polymorphic VT or VF greater than 15 beats in patients with VF or a history of aborted sudden death without monomorphic VT; and 4) two episodes of polymorphic VT or VF of greater than 15 beats in a patient presenting with monomorphic VT. Sustained VT or NSVT producing hypotension during the final treadmill test was considered a drug failure. In a multicenter open-label long-term study of sotalol in patients with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias which had proven refractory to other antiarrhythmic medications, response by Holter monitoring was defined as in ESVEM. Response by PES was defined as non-inducibility of sustained VT by at least double extrastimuli delivered at a pacing cycle length of 400 msec. Overall survival and arrhythmia recurrence rates in this study were similar to those seen in ESVEM, although there was no comparative group to allow a definitive assessment of outcome. Antiarrhythmic drugs have not been shown to enhance survival in patients with ventricular arrhythmias. Sotalol is also indicated for the maintenance of normal sinus rhythm [delay in time to recurrence of atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AFIB/AFL) Launch Date 1992
Atrial flutter 6 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/019865s021lbl.pdf	Primary	Approved 8429	BETAPACE Approved Use Oral sotalol hydrochloride is indicated for the treatment of documented ventricular arrhythmias, such as sustained ventricular tachycardia, that in the judgment of the physician are life-threatening. Because of the proarrhythmic effects of sotalol (see WARNINGS ), including a 1.5 to 2% rate of torsade de pointes or new VT/VF in patients with either NSVT or supraventricular arrhythmias, its use in patients with less severe arrhythmias, even if the patients are symptomatic, is generally not recommended. Treatment of patients with asymptomatic ventricular premature contractions should be avoided. Initiation of sotalol treatment or increasing doses, as with other antiarrhythmic agents used to treat life-threatening arrhythmias, should be carried out in the hospital. The response to treatment should then be evaluated by a suitable method (e.g., PES or Holter monitoring) prior to continuing the patient on chronic therapy. Various approaches have been used to determine the response to antiarrhythmic therapy, including sotalol. In the ESVEM Trial, response by Holter monitoring was tentatively defined as 100% suppression of ventricular tachycardia, 90% suppression of non-sustained VT, 80% suppression of paired VPCs, and 75% suppression of total VPCs in patients who had at least 10 VPCs/hour at baseline; this tentative response was confirmed if VT lasting 5 or more beats was not observed during treadmill exercise testing using a standard Bruce protocol. The PES protocol utilized a maximum of three extrastimuli at three pacing cycle lengths and two right ventricular pacing sites. Response by PES was defined as prevention of induction of the following: 1) monomorphic VT lasting over 15 seconds; 2) non-sustained polymorphic VT containing more than 15 beats of monomorphic VT in patients with a history of monomorphic VT; 3) polymorphic VT or VF greater than 15 beats in patients with VF or a history of aborted sudden death without monomorphic VT; and 4) two episodes of polymorphic VT or VF of greater than 15 beats in a patient presenting with monomorphic VT. Sustained VT or NSVT producing hypotension during the final treadmill test was considered a drug failure. In a multicenter open-label long-term study of sotalol in patients with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias which had proven refractory to other antiarrhythmic medications, response by Holter monitoring was defined as in ESVEM. Response by PES was defined as non-inducibility of sustained VT by at least double extrastimuli delivered at a pacing cycle length of 400 msec. Overall survival and arrhythmia recurrence rates in this study were similar to those seen in ESVEM, although there was no comparative group to allow a definitive assessment of outcome. Antiarrhythmic drugs have not been shown to enhance survival in patients with ventricular arrhythmias. Sotalol is also indicated for the maintenance of normal sinus rhythm [delay in time to recurrence of atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AFIB/AFL) Launch Date 1992

C_max

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
781 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.geneesmiddeleninformatiebank.nl/Pars/h33884.pdf	80 mg single, oral dose: 80 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		SOTALOL plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED

AUC

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
10402 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.geneesmiddeleninformatiebank.nl/Pars/h33884.pdf	80 mg single, oral dose: 80 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		SOTALOL plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
12 h DRUG LABEL https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/019865s020lbl.pdf	160 mg single, oral dose: 160 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		SOTALOL plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNKNOWN age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN

Doses

Dose	Population	Adverse events
60 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral (mean) Recommended Dose: 60 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 60 mg, 2 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29954667/	unhealthy, 31.8 years (range: 10-67 years) n = 82 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: congenital heart disease Age Group: 31.8 years (range: 10-67 years) Population Size: 82 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29954667/	Disc. AE: Lethargy, Bradycardia... Other AEs: Hypotension, Loss of taste... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Lethargy (13 patients) Bradycardia (11 patient) Bronchospasm (6 patients) Nausea and vomiting (2 patients) Erectile dysfunction (2 patients) Visual disturbance (1 patient) Depression (1 patient) Other AEs: Hypotension (1 patient) Loss of taste (1 patient) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29954667/
640 mg/day multiple, oral Highest studied dose Dose: 640 mg/day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 640 mg/day Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/019865s021lbl.pdf	unhealthy, adult n = 39 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: ventricular ectopy Age Group: adult Population Size: 39 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/019865s021lbl.pdf	Other AEs: Chest pain, Dyspnea... Other AEs: Chest pain (15.4%) Dyspnea (20.5%) Palpitation (5.1%) Vasodilation (5.1%) Asthenia (20.5%) Dizziness (17.9%) Fatigue (25.6%) Headache (7.7%) Light-headed (5.1%) Sleep problem (7.7%) Upper respiratory tract signs and symptoms (12.8%) Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/019865s021lbl.pdf
240 mg/day multiple, oral (max) Recommended Dose: 240 mg/day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 240 mg/day Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/019865s021lbl.pdf	unhealthy, adult n = 153 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: atrial fibrillation (AFIB) \| atrial flutter (AFL) Age Group: adult Population Size: 153 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/019865s021lbl.pdf	Other AEs: Bradycardia, Diarrhea... Other AEs: Bradycardia (13.1%) Diarrhea (5.2%) Nausea and vomiting (7.8%) Abdominal pain NOS (3.9%) Fatigue (19.6%) Hyperhidrosis (5.2%) Weakness (5.2%) Musculoskeletal pain (2.6%) Dizziness (16.3%) Headache (3.3%) Cough (3.3%) Dyspnea (9.2%) Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/019865s021lbl.pdf
320 mg/day multiple, oral (max\|total daily dose) Recommended Dose: 320 mg/day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 320 mg/day Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/019865s021lbl.pdf	unhealthy, adult n = 122 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: atrial fibrillation (AFIB) \| atrial flutter (AFL) Age Group: adult Population Size: 122 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/019865s021lbl.pdf	Other AEs: Bradycardia, Diarrhea... Other AEs: Bradycardia (12.3%) Diarrhea (5.7%) Nausea and vomiting (5.7%) Abdominal pain NOS (2.5%) Fatigue (18.9%) Hyperhidrosis (4.9%) Weakness (4.9%) Musculoskeletal pain (4.1%) Dizziness (13.1%) Headache (11.5%) Cough (2.5%) Dyspnea (9.8%) Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/019865s021lbl.pdf
320 mg/day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 320 mg/day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 320 mg/day Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/019865s021lbl.pdf	unhealthy, adult n = 38 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: ventricular ectopy Age Group: adult Population Size: 38 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/019865s021lbl.pdf	Other AEs: Chest pain, Dyspnea... Other AEs: Chest pain (7.9%) Dyspnea (18.4%) Palpitation (7.9%) Asthenia (10.5%) Dizziness (13.2%) Fatigue (26.3%) Headache (5.3%) Light-headed (15.8%) Sleep problem (2.6%) Upper respiratory tract signs and symptoms (2.6%) Visual disturbance NOS (5.3%) Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/019865s021lbl.pdf

AEs

Overview

CYP3A4	CYP2C9	CYP2D6	hERG
activator 80 inhibitor 1587	activator 22 inhibitor 1767	inhibitor 1852	inhibitor 1612

OverviewOther

Other Inhibitor	Other Substrate	Other Inducer
OATP1B1 788 P-gp 1461 CYP1A2 1524 CYP2A6 707 CYP2B6 810 CYP2C8 911 CYP2C19 1478 CYP2E1 882	P-gp 1537

Drug as perpetrator

Target	Modality	Activity
CYP1A2 1692	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16890411/	no [IC50 >100 uM]
CYP2A6 739	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16890411/	no [IC50 >100 uM]
CYP2B6 1001	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16890411/	no [IC50 >100 uM]
CYP2C19 1553	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16890411/	no [IC50 >100 uM]
CYP2C8 965	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16890411/	no [IC50 >100 uM]
CYP2C9 1819	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16890411/	no [IC50 >100 uM]
CYP2D6 1891	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16890411/	no [IC50 >100 uM]
CYP2E1 970	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16890411/	no [IC50 >100 uM]
CYP3A4 1925	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16890411/	no [IC50 >100 uM]
BCRP 773	supressor 155 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26118109/	no
CYP1A2 1692	activator 214 Sources: https://www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/testing/cyp-validation-project-report.pdf	no
CYP2B6 1001	activator 214 Sources: https://www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/testing/cyp-validation-project-report.pdf	no
CYP2C9 1819	activator 214 Sources: https://www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/testing/cyp-validation-project-report.pdf	no
CYP3A4 1925	activator 214 Sources: https://www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/testing/cyp-validation-project-report.pdf	no
P-gp 1650	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16671962/	no
OATP1B1 803	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21861202/	yes

Drug as victim

Target	Modality	Activity	Metabolite	Clinical evidence
P-gp 1537	substrate 3367 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16671962/	yes

Tox targets

Target	Modality	Activity	Metabolite	Clinical evidence
hERG 1647	inhibitor 1626 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11090546/

Sourcing

Vendor/Aggregator	ID	URL
ChEBI	CHEBI:63622	https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:63622
ChemicalBook	CB6277510	https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB6277510
MolPort	MolPort-002-042-381	https://www.molport.com/shop/molecule-link/MolPort-002-042-381
eMolecules	31227958	https://www.emolecules.com/cgi-bin/more?vid=31227958

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Sequential map-guided endocardial resection for ventricular tachycardia improves outcome.	2001 Apr	11306311
The class III antiarrhythmic drugs dofetilide and sotalol prevent AF induction by atrial premature complexes at doses that fail to terminate AF.	2001 Apr	11282080
Control of vascular tone in notothenioid fishes is determined by phylogeny, not environmental temperature.	2001 Apr	11247845
Quantitative structure-retention and retention-activity relationships of beta-blocking agents by micellar liquid chromatography.	2001 Apr 6	11330791
The effects of C-type natriuretic peptide on catecholamine release in the pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias).	2001 Aug	11482942
Amplified effects of d,l-sotalol in canine dilated cardiomyopathy.	2001 Dec	11817813
Control of heart rate during thermoregulation in the heliothermic lizard Pogona barbata: importance of cholinergic and adrenergic mechanisms.	2001 Dec	11815660
A review of class III antiarrhythmic agents for atrial fibrillation: maintenance of normal sinus rhythm.	2001 Dec	11765303
Sotalol in treatment of pediatric cardiac arrhythmias.	2001 Dec	11737739
[Chronic hepatitis ascribed to the use of sotalol].	2001 Dec 1	11766306
[Atrial fibrillation successfully converted. A new standard in the prevention of recurrence?].	2001 Dec 13	11824159
Meta-analysis of the Risk of Torsades de Pointes in patients treated with intravenous racemic sotalol.	2001 Feb	11157286
[Supraventricular tachycardia and premature atrial contractions in fetus].	2001 Feb 17	11234290
Mechanisms of action of antiarrhythmic drugs relative to the origin and perpetuation of cardiac arrhythmias.	2001 Jan	11452339
Sotalol vs metoprolol for ventricular rate control in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation who have undergone digitalization: a single-blinded crossover study.	2001 Jan	11271956
Evidence for the binding of beta-adrenoceptor blockers to microsomal Na+/K+-ATPase in guinea pig heart preparations.	2001 Jan	11201505
Efficacy of sequential antiarrhythmic treatment in sinus rhythm maintenance after successful electrocardioversion in patients with chronic non-valvular atrial fibrillation.	2001 Jan-Feb	11208496
Shortening the second phase duration of biphasic shocks: effects of class III antiarrhythmic drugs on defibrillation efficacy in humans.	2001 Jul	11469436
d,l-sotalol enhances baroreflex sensitivity in conscious rats surviving acute myocardial infarction.	2001 Jul	11428905
What niche will newer class III antiarrhythmic drugs occupy?	2001 Jul	11406090
Oral amiodarone and atrial fibrillation.	2001 Jul 14	11469235
Transplacental treatment of fetal tachycardia: implications of drug transporting proteins in placenta.	2001 Jun	11453617
Permanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia in infants and children: effectiveness of medical and non-medical treatment.	2001 Jun	11453583
Comparison of class III antiarrhythmic drugs versus digoxin for the reversion of new-onset atrial fibrillation.	2001 Jun	11385352
Phase 2 early afterdepolarization as a trigger of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in acquired long-QT syndrome : direct evidence from intracellular recordings in the intact left ventricular wall.	2001 Jun 12	11401944
[Protocols for the treatment of supraventricular tachycardias in the fetus].	2001 Jun 23	11447879
Does prophylaxis against atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery reduce length of stay or hospital costs?	2001 Mar	11253857
Development and validation of an automated method for the liquid chromatographic determination of sotalol in plasma using dialysis and trace enrichment on a cation-exchange pre-column as on-line sample preparation.	2001 Mar	11248472
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of sotalol in a pediatric population with supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmia.	2001 Mar	11240979
Moxifloxacin: clinical efficacy and safety.	2001 Mar 1	11258173
Termination of automatic atrial tachycardia in an infant by adequate sotalol dosing. Indication of clinically relevant age-dependent pharmacokinetics of sotalol.	2001 May	11417452
Non-invasive testing of acquired long QT syndrome: evidence for multiple arrhythmogenic substrates.	2001 May	11334843
Post-training injections of catecholaminergic drugs do not modulate fear conditioning in rats and mice.	2001 May 4	11311508
Amiodarone -- waxed and waned and waxed again.	2001 Nov	11825323
An improved HPLC-fluorescence stereoselective method for analysis of (+)-S- and (-)-R-sotalol enantiomers in plasma sample.	2001 Nov-Dec	11822237
Atrial fibrillation: a risk factor for increased mortality--an AVID registry analysis.	2001 Sep	11500581
Long-term efficacy and safety of propafenone and sotalol for the maintenance of sinus rhythm after conversion of recurrent symptomatic atrial fibrillation.	2001 Sep 15	11564387
Sotalol: the mechanism of its antiarrhythmic-defibrillating effect.	2001 Summer	11484069
Standardised in vitro electrophysiologic measurements using isolated perfused porcine hearts--assessment of QT interval alterations.	2002	11927976
Amiodarone vs. sotalol as prophylaxis against atrial fibrillation/flutter after heart surgery: a meta-analysis.	2002 Apr	11948054
Dauricine-induced changes in monophasic action potentials and effective refractory period of rabbit left ventricle in situ.	2002 Apr	11931697
Flecainide and sotalol: a new combination therapy for refractory supraventricular tachycardia in children <1 year of age.	2002 Feb 6	11823091
Comparison of the affinity of beta-blockers for two states of the beta 1-adrenoceptor in ferret ventricular myocardium.	2002 Jan	11815381
Rapid determination of partition coefficients between n-octanol/water for cardiovascular therapies.	2002 Jan-Feb	11782815
[Sudden cardiac death (part 2)].	2002 Mar	11968585
Antidysrhythmic agents at the turn of the twenty-first century: a current review.	2002 Mar	11939645
Preconditioning attenuates the shortening of recovery during coronary occlusion in isolated rabbit hearts with D-sotalol-induced long QT intervals.	2002 May	11973421

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Initial dosage in adults is 80 mg twice daily. Increase the dose as needed in increments of 80 mg/day, every 3 days to a maximum 320 mg total daily dose.

Route of Administration: Other

In Vitro Use Guide

Sotalol caused significant stimulation of neutrophil motility at concentrations of more than 10−4 M.

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Sat Dec 16 17:52:27 GMT 2023` Edited by `admin` on `Sat Dec 16 17:52:27 GMT 2023`
Record UNII	A6D97U294I
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

SOTALOL

Official Name

English

METHANESULFONANILIDE, 4'-(1-HYDROXY-2-(ISOPROPYLAMINO)ETHYL)-

Systematic Name

English

(±)-SOTALOL

Common Name

English

4'-(1-HYDROXY-2-(ISOPROPYLAMINO)ETHYL)METHANESULFONANILIDE

Systematic Name

English

METHANESULFONAMIDE, N-(4-(1-HYDROXY-2-((1-METHYLETHYL)AMINO)ETHYL)PHENYL)-

Systematic Name

English

sotalol [INN]

Common Name

English

N-(4-(1-HYDROXY-2-((1-METHYLETHYL)AMINO)ETHYL)PHENYL)METHANESULFONAMIDE

Systematic Name

English

C07AA07

Code

English

DL-4-(2-ISOPROPYLAMINO-1-HYDROXYETHYL)METHANESULFONANILIDE

Common Name

English

SOTALOL [MI]

Common Name

English

BETA-CARDONE

Common Name

English

SOTALOL [VANDF]

Common Name

English

DL-SOTALOL

Common Name

English

DAROB MITE

Brand Name

English

Sotalol [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

WHO-VATC

QC07AA57