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Description
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8801161

Retonol, also known as Vitamin A1, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement. It is used to treat and prevent vitamin A deficiency. It is also used to prevent further issues in those who have measles. Retinol is used as a metabolic precursor of retinoic acid to treat skin-related conditions, such as cellulite, skin aging, photodamage.

CNS Activity

Curator's Comment: Evidence indicates that retinol is transported by retinol binding protein across the blood–brain barrier and blood–CSF barrier to the CNS

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Target ID: O95237
Gene ID: 9227.0
Gene Symbol: LRAT
Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Target ID: Q96NR8
Gene ID: 145226.0
Gene Symbol: RDH12
Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Target ID: Q92781
Gene ID: 5959.0
Gene Symbol: RDH5
Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Preventing
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Preventing
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Preventing
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Primary
AQUASOL A

Approved Use

Used to treat and prevent symptoms of vitamin A deficiency such as xerophthalmia and night blindness. Used as a dietary supplement to prevent vitamin A deficiency in patients with GI diseases (e.g., malabsorption syndromes) and those with abnormal storage and transport of vitamin A (e.g., abetalipoproteinemia, protein deficiency, diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, fever, liver disease, cystic fibrosis with hepatic involvement).

Launch Date

1949
Palliative
AQUASOL A

Approved Use

Children with severe measles have been found to have low serum concentrations of vitamin A; WHO and AAP recommend that vitamin A supplements be given to all children with acute measles, regardless of their country of residence.

Launch Date

1949
Primary
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Primary
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
[Renal tubular failure after treatment with high dose of vitamin A (author's transl)].
1976 Feb 6
Effect of avitaminosis A and hypervitaminosis A on urinary bladder carcinogenicity of N-(4-(5-Nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl)formamide.
1976 Jul
Fruit and fertility in San Juan de la Manguana.
1995
Vitamin A toxicity secondary to excessive intake of yellow-green vegetables, liver and laver.
1999 Jul
Removal of LIF (leukemia inhibitory factor) results in increased vitamin A (retinol) metabolism to 4-oxoretinol in embryonic stem cells.
1999 Nov 9
Hepatic hyper-vitaminosis A: importance of retinyl ester level determination.
2000 Mar
Effects of beta-carotene and vitamin A on oval cell proliferation and connexin 43 expression during hepatic differentiation in the rat(1).
2001 Dec
Use of vitamin supplements and cataract: the Blue Mountains Eye Study.
2001 Jul
Characterization of a novel airway epithelial cell-specific short chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase gene whose expression is up-regulated by retinoids and is involved in the metabolism of retinol.
2001 Jun 29
Retrospective analysis of drug-induced urticaria and angioedema: a survey of 2287 patients.
2001 Nov
Restoring effects of vitamin A on surfactant synthesis in nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia in rats.
2001 Sep 15
The anemia of vitamin A deficiency: epidemiology and pathogenesis.
2002 Apr
[Treatment of acne with consequences -- pseudotumor cerebri due to hypervitaminosis A].
2002 Jan 9
Zinc transporters in the rat mammary gland respond to marginal zinc and vitamin A intakes during lactation.
2002 Nov
Retinoids regulate the repairing process of the podocytes in puromycin aminonucleoside-induced nephrotic rats.
2003 Apr
PPARbeta regulates vitamin A metabolism-related gene expression in hepatic stellate cells undergoing activation.
2003 Feb
Impact of 'Mad Cow Disease' publicity on trends in meat and total vitamin A consumption in Geneva between 1993 and 2000.
2003 Jan
Redistribution of vitamin A after iron supplementation in Indonesian infants.
2003 Mar
Vitamin A deficiency leads to increased cell proliferation in olfactory epithelium of mature rats.
2003 Mar
Pharmacology of all-trans-retinoic acid in children with acute promyelocytic leukemia.
2003 May
Dietary vitamin A intakes of Filipino elders with adequate or low liver vitamin A concentrations as assessed by the deuterated-retinol-dilution method: implications for dietary requirements.
2004 Apr
Modulation of resistin expression by retinoic acid and vitamin A status.
2004 Apr
A palmitoylation switch mechanism in the regulation of the visual cycle.
2004 Jun 11
Safety and efficacy of dose-intensive oral vitamin A in subjects with sun-damaged skin.
2004 Mar 15
Use of the deuterated-retinol-dilution technique to monitor the vitamin A status of Nicaraguan schoolchildren 1 y after initiation of the Nicaraguan national program of sugar fortification with vitamin A.
2004 Nov
Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on vitamin A metabolism in mice.
2005
Fortification of maize meal improved the nutritional status of 1-3-year-old African children.
2005 Aug
Effects of prenatal vitamins A, E, and C on the hypoplastic hearts of fetal rats with diaphragmatic hernia.
2005 Aug
Retinal degeneration associated with RDH12 mutations results from decreased 11-cis retinal synthesis due to disruption of the visual cycle.
2005 Dec 15
Phospho-STAT5 accumulation in nuclear fractions from vitamin A-deficient rat liver.
2005 Jul 4
Serum and CSF vitamin A concentrations in idiopathic intracranial hypertension.
2005 Jun 14
Inhibitory effects of vitamin A on TCDD-induced cytochrome P-450 1A1 enzyme activity and expression.
2005 May
Vitamin A regulation of BMP4 expression in the male germ line.
2005 Oct 1
Mutation of key residues of RPE65 abolishes its enzymatic role as isomerohydrolase in the visual cycle.
2005 Sep 20
Transmembrane protein GDE2 induces motor neuron differentiation in vivo.
2005 Sep 30
Hypervitaminosis A resulting in DNA aberration in fetal transgenic mice (Muta Mouse).
2005 Sep 5
Comparative ligand-binding analysis of ten human lipocalins.
2006 Feb
Nonclassical action of retinoic acid on the activation of the cAMP response element-binding protein in normal human bronchial epithelial cells.
2006 Feb
Role of retinoic acid receptors alpha1 and gamma in the response of murine limbs to retinol in vitro.
2006 Jan
Expression of Connexin 43 in the hearts of rat embryos exposed to nitrofen and effects of vitamin A on it.
2006 Jan
Vitamin A inhibits pancreatic stellate cell activation: implications for treatment of pancreatic fibrosis.
2006 Jan
Hypervitaminosis A-induced liver fibrosis: stellate cell activation and daily dose consumption.
2006 Mar
Patents

Sample Use Guides

Weekly single oral dose 7000 micrograms
Route of Administration: Oral
The role of vitamin A (2.72 μM/7 ml culture), a naturally occurring antioxidant upon arsenic-induced genotoxicity; with respect to chromosomal aberrations (structural and numerical) and micronuclei. Whole blood cultures set for 72 h were exposed to test chemicals for a period of 24 h ahead of harvesting. Arsenic concentrations tested in the present study are 0.36, 0.72 and 1.4 μM/7 ml culture. Mitomycin C (MMC), the direct acting mutagen was used as positive control.
Substance Class Mixture
Created
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
Edited
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
Record UNII
81G40H8B0T
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
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Name Type Language
VITAMIN A
FCC   GREEN BOOK   MART.   ORANGE BOOK   USP   VANDF  
Common Name English
LUTAVIT A
Common Name English
VITAMIN A [VANDF]
Common Name English
VITAMIN A [EP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
VITAMIN A (NATURAL) [VANDF]
Common Name English
PROVITAMIN A
Common Name English
CHOCOLA A
Common Name English
VITAMIN A, UNSPECIFIED FORM
Common Name English
VITAMIN A [ORANGE BOOK]
Common Name English
VIATMIN A [VANDF]
Common Name English
VITAMIN A CONCENTRATE [WHO-IP]
Common Name English
VITAMIN A [FCC]
Common Name English
VITAMIN A [GREEN BOOK]
Common Name English
HYDROVIT A
Common Name English
ROVIMIX A 500
Common Name English
VITAMIN A [USP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
MICROVIT A
Common Name English
VITAMIN A [MART.]
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
NDF-RT N0000006269
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
CFR 21 CFR 862.1805
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
NDF-RT N0000006269
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
WHO-ATC V04CB01
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DSLD 3315 (Number of products:1063)
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
NDF-RT N0000006269
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
NDF-RT N0000006269
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
NDF-RT N0000006269
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
CFR 21 CFR 101.78
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 546216
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
CFR 21 CFR 184.1930
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
WHO-VATC QV04CB01
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
DSLD 2698 (Number of products:2377)
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
LIVERTOX NBK548165
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
NDF-RT N0000175950
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
DSLD 201 (Number of products:4964)
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
Code System Code Type Description
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
234-328-2
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID301014459
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB00162
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB16102MIG
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
LACTMED
Vitamin A
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL986
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
81G40H8B0T
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
CAS
11103-57-4
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
CHEBI
17616
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
RXCUI
11246
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
PRIMARY RxNorm
WIKIPEDIA
VITAMIN A
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB05791MIG
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C938
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PRIMARY
MESH
D014801
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
81G40H8B0T
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
CHEBI
17336
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
WHO INTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPEIA
VITAMIN A
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 16:19:51 GMT 2023
PRIMARY Description: A yellow to brownish yellow, oily liquid.Solubility: Practically insoluble in water; soluble or partly soluble in dehydrated ethanol R; miscible with organic solvents.Category: Vitamin.Storage: The oily form of Retinol concentrate should be kept in a well-closed and well-filled container, protected from light. Oncethe container has been opened its contents should be used as soon as possible; any part of the contents not used at once shouldbe protected by an atmosphere of inert gas.Labelling: The designation on the container should state the name of the retinol ester or esters, and their quantities expressed asthe content of vitamin A in International Units (IU) per gram, whether any stabilizing agents are added and their quantities, as wellas the method of restoring the solution if partial crystallization has occurred.Additional information: Even in the absence of light the oily form of Retinol concentrate is gradually degraded on exposure to ahumid atmosphere, the decomposition being faster at higher temperatures.Partial crystallization may occur in concentrated solutions and upon refrigeration.
Related Record Type Details
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
DERIVATIVE -> PARENT
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
Related Record Type Details
ACTIVE MOIETY
Definition References