2,4-Diaminophenol dihydrochloride is used in the manufacture of dyes and as a color accelerator in photographic developers. 2,4-Diaminophenol is an ingredient of hair dyes and colors. 2,4-Diaminophenol and 2,4-Diaminophenol Dihydrochloride are considered safe for use in hair dyes at concentrations up to 0.2% (as the free base). 2,4-Diaminophenol Dihydrochloride is approved for use in Japan in cosmetic.

AZD4877 was developed by AstraZeneca as a potent inhibitor of the mitotic spindle kinesin, Eg5. AZD4877 participated in clinical trials phase I/II for patients with acute myeloid leukemia, the study was terminated due to lack of efficacy. In addition, the drug was studied in Phase II in patients with previously treated advanced urothelial cancer. However, limited clinical efficacy stops the further development of AZD4877 in urothelial cancer.

AZD4818 was developed by AstraZeneca as CCR1 receptor antagonist for the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The study was discontinued, because of a lack of clinical efficacy.

Napabucasin (BBI608) is an orally administered small molecule that blocks stem cell activity in cancer cells by targeting the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway, which is over-activated in many types of cancer and has been shown to be an important pathway in cancer stem cell-mediated propagation of cancer. Napabucasin has already shown promising efficacy on different cancer types, both as a monotherapy and in combination with conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Early-phase trials have shown promising anti-tumor efficacy when patients are treated with napabucasin in combination with standard chemotherapy agents, and preclinical results suggest that napabucasin can synergize with chemotherapy agents, such as paclitaxel, to potentially overcome drug resistance. Encouraging phase Ib/II trial results warrant further clinical study with napabucasin and paclitaxel combination therapy, especially in malignancies where there is an urgent and unmet need for effective therapeutics, such as in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Carfluzepic Acid is benzodiazepine derivative with tranquilizing, anticonvulsant, and anxiolytic activity patented by pharmaceutical company C. M. Industries S. A.

Ambit Biosciences was developing AC-430, a potent inhibitor of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) for the treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases. AC-430 is a racemic mixture (50/50) of two enantiomers, AC410 and AC409. In preclinical studies, AC-430 has exhibited potency against JAK2 and V617F mutated JAK2 in cell-based models that is at least equivalent to, and in most cases superior to, competing JAK2 inhibitors. In preclinical oncology and autoimmune models, AC-430 is well tolerated and has significant efficacy at oral doses as low as 10 mg/kg/day.

Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone) is a β-ketoamphetamine belonging to the family of synthetic cathinones, an emerging class of designer drugs known for their hallucinogenic and psychostimulant properties as well as for their abuse potential. Mephedrone is a stimulant of dopamine (DA) release and blocks its reuptake through its interaction with the dopamine transporter. Furthermore, it has some affinity for various 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor subtypes. Neurotoxic effect of mephedrone on 5-HT and DA systems remains controversial. Although some studies in animal models reported no damage to DA nerve endings in the striatum and no significant changes in brain monoamine levels, some others suggested a rapid reduction in 5-HT and DA transporter function. Persistent serotonergic deficits were observed after binge like treatment in a warm environment and in both serotonergic and dopaminergic nerve endings at high ambient temperature. Oxidative stress cytotoxicity and an increase in frontal cortex lipid peroxidation were also reported. Despite the re-classification of mephedrone as a Class B restricted substance by the United Kingdom and restrictive legislation by the United States, international policy regarding mephedrone control is still developing and interest in synthetic amphetamine-like drugs could drive the development of future mephedrone analogues.

LCQ908 (Pradigastat) is a diacylglycerol acyltransferase-1 (DGAT-1) inhibitor. DGAT-1 is one of the two DGAT enzymes that catalyse the formation of triglycerides from diacylglycerol and acyl- coenzyme A. DGAT-1 catalyses the final committed step in processing dietary fatty acids into triglycerides carried on chylomicrons for transport around the body. Pradigastat may decrease the level of triglycerides in the blood and is intended for the first line treatment of FCS. It is administered orally at 10-40mg daily in addition to a low fat diet. Pradigastat is also in phase II clinical trials for type 2 diabetes and severe hypertriglyceridaemia (familial hyperchylomicronaemia phenotypes I and V). Pradigastat is a designated orphan drug in the EU. In a phase III clinical trial.