Chlormezanone (TRANCOPAL®) is a non-benzodiazepine that is used in the management of anxiety. It has been suggested for use in the treatment of muscle spasm. It binds to central benzodiazepine receptors which interact allosterically with GABA receptors. This potentiates the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, increasing the inhibition of the ascending reticular activating system and blocking the cortical and limbic arousal that occurs following stimulation of the reticular pathways. Chlormezanone (TRANCOPAL®) was discontinued worldwide in 1996 by Sanofi due to confirmed serious and rare cutaneous reactions (toxic epidermal necrolysis also known as Stevens-Johnson syndrome).

Chlormezanone (TRANCOPAL®) is a non-benzodiazepine that is used in the management of anxiety. It has been suggested for use in the treatment of muscle spasm. It binds to central benzodiazepine receptors which interact allosterically with GABA receptors. This potentiates the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, increasing the inhibition of the ascending reticular activating system and blocking the cortical and limbic arousal that occurs following stimulation of the reticular pathways. Chlormezanone (TRANCOPAL®) was discontinued worldwide in 1996 by Sanofi due to confirmed serious and rare cutaneous reactions (toxic epidermal necrolysis also known as Stevens-Johnson syndrome).

Oxyphencyclimine is an anticholinergic drug (trade name Daricon) used in treating peptic ulcers. Daricon was discontinued in USA, but still used worldwide.

Valethamate bromide ( sold under many brand names such as Epidosin, Dilaton, Valosin, Valamate, Osdil etc), a quarternary ammonium agent, has been used in augmentation of labor. Valethamate has antimuscarinic action and blocks cholinergic receptors in the ganglia. This action along with the direct action on the smooth muscles of the cervix is thought to help cervical dilatation during labor. Since it is not selective, it exerts anticholinergic side effects such as tachycardia, flushing, cotton mouth and photophobia due to mydriasis. Common side effects are palpitations, increased heart rate, arrhythmia, excessive thirst, reduced bronchial secretions, dry mouth, Photophobia, dry skin, loss of accommodation, slow heart rate, flushing.

Isopropamide is a quaternary ammonium antimuscarinic with peripheral effects similar to those of atropine. It has been used as an adjunct in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease, in the relief of gastro-intestinal and urinary tract disorders associated with smooth muscle spasm, in rhinitis, and the relief of symptoms of cold.

Hexocyclium is an old anticholinergic drug. Hexocyclium is an antimuscarinic. Hexocyclium in therapeutic doses produces a prolonged reduction of gastric acidity. It was used for the treatment of peptic ulcer. Hexocyclium is effective for the control of cramps and diarrhea in cases of irritable bowel syndrome.

Deserpidine is an ester alkaloid drug isolated from Rauwolfia canescens (family Apocynaceae) with antipsychotic and antihypertensive properties that has been used for the control of high blood pressure and for the relief of psychotic behavior. Rauwolfia alkaloids work by controlling nerve impulses along certain nerve pathways. As a result, they act on the heart and blood vessels to lower blood pressure. Deserpidine's mechanism of action is through inhibition of the ATP/Mg2+ pump responsible for the sequestering of neurotransmitters into storage vesicles located in the presynaptic neuron. The neurotransmitters that are not sequestered in the storage vesicle are readily metabolized by monoamine oxidase (MAO) causing a reduction in catecholamines.

Isopropamide is a quaternary ammonium antimuscarinic with peripheral effects similar to those of atropine. It has been used as an adjunct in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease, in the relief of gastro-intestinal and urinary tract disorders associated with smooth muscle spasm, in rhinitis, and the relief of symptoms of cold.

Ethoheptazine is an analgesic, which belongs to the proheptazine group. It was used either alone (Zactane trade name) or in combination with meprobamate and aspirin (Equagesic) for the pain relief in patients with headache or musculoskeletal disorders. Currently all mediactions containing ethoheptazine are withdrawn from the market. The exact target of ethoheptazine is unknow, but it is believed that it may have modulatory effect on opioid receptors.