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Restrict the search for
benzyl benzoate
to a specific field?
Status:
First approved in 1964
Source:
21 CFR 358A
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Conditions:
Padimate O is an organic compound related to the water-soluble compound PABA (4-aminobenzoic acid) that is used as an ingredient in some sunscreens. this chemical releases free radicals, damages DNA, has estrogenic activity, and causes allergic reactions in some people. Maximum FDA-approved concentration - 8%. Range of protection - UVB.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
Stop-Zit by Nelson Baker & Company
(1962)
Source URL:
First approved in 1962
Source:
Stop-Zit by Nelson Baker & Company
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Denatonium, usually available as denatonium benzoate (trade names Bitrex) is the most bitter chemical compound known, with bitterness thresholds of 0.05 ppm for the benzoate and 0.01 ppm for the saccharide. Scientists at Macfarlan Smith, Ltd. of Edinburgh, Scotland discovered Bitrex during research on derivatives of the anesthetic lidocaine. The extremely bitter taste proved effective in reducing ingestion by humans and animals. Denatonium is commonly included in placebo medications used in clinical trials to match the bitter taste of certain medications. Denatonium activates bitter taste receptor, mainly, TAS2R4, TAS2R8, TAS2R10, TAS2R13 on many cell types and plays important roles in chemical release, ciliary beating and smooth muscle relaxation through intracellular Ca(2+)-dependent pathways.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
ISOETHARINE HYDROCHLORIDE by ASTRAZENECA
(1984)
Source URL:
First approved in 1961
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Isoetharine is a beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, which was developed by Max Bockmuhl, Gustav Erhart and Leonhard Stein at the Hochst laboratories of I.G. Farbenindustrie in 1934. By binding to beta-2 adrenergic receptors on bronchial cell membranes, isoetharine increases the level of cAMP and thus stimulates the relaxation of smooth-muscle cells, stabilizes mast cells and inhibits histamine release. Isoetharine was approved by FDA for the symptomatic relief of bronchiospasms in patients with chronic bronchitis or emphysema (aerosol and solution for inhalation), however, later on the drug was discontinued.
Status:
First approved in 1961
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Conditions:
EPINEPHRYL BORATE (Epinal®) is an epinephrine derivative, which reduces elevated intraocular pressure in chronic open-angle glaucoma. It may also be used in eye surgery.
Status:
First approved in 1960
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
ANALEXIN PHENYRAMIDOL HYDROCHLORIDE by MALLINCKRODT
(1961)
Source URL:
First approved in 1960
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Conditions:
PHENYRAMIDOL (ANALEXIN®), also known as fenyramidol, is an aminopyridine derivative, used as analgesic and muscle relaxant. It is considered as a drug that possibly causes hepatotoxicity.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
NADOLOL AND BENDROFLUMETHIAZIDE by IMPAX LABS
(2007)
Source URL:
First approved in 1959
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Bendroflumethiazide (INN), formerly bendrofluazide (BAN) is a thiazide diuretic used to treat hypertension. CORZIDE (Nadolol and Bendroflumethiazide Tablets) for oral administration combines two antihypertensive agents: CORGARD (nadolol), a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocking agent, and NATURETIN (bendroflumethiazide), a thiazide diuretic-antihypertensive. Bendroflumethiazide works by inhibiting sodium reabsorption at the beginning of the distal convoluted tubule (DCT). Bendroflumethiazide inhibits active chloride reabsorption at the early distal tubule via the Na-Cl cotransporter, resulting in an increase in the excretion of sodium, chloride, and water. Thiazides like bendroflumethiazide also inhibit sodium ion transport across the renal tubular epithelium through binding to the thiazide sensitive sodium-chloride transporter. This results in an increase in potassium excretion via the sodium-potassium exchange mechanism. The antihypertensive mechanism of bendroflumethiazide is less well understood although it may be mediated through its action on carbonic anhydrases in the smooth muscle or through its action on the large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (KCa) channel, also found in the smooth muscle. Thiazides do not affect normal blood pressure. Onset of action of thiazides occurs in two hours and the peak effect at about four hours. Duration of action persists for approximately six to 12 hours. Thiazides are eliminated rapidly by the kidney.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
First approved in 1959
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Isoxsuprine (used as isoxsuprine hydrochloride) is a drug used as a vasodilator in humans (under the trade name Duvadilan) and equines. Isoxsuprine is a β2 adrenoreceptor agonist that causes direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle via β2 receptors. Isoxsuprine it is used in humans for treatment of premature labor, i.e. a tocolytic, and as a vasodilator for the treatment of cerebral vascular insufficiency, Raynaud's phenomenon, and other conditions. Isoxsuprine may increase the heart rate, cause changes in blood pressure, and irritate the GI tract. It should, therefore, be used with caution if combined with other drugs that affect blood pressure, such as sedatives and anesthetic drugs. Isoxsuprine is most commonly used to treat hoof-related problems in the horse, most commonly for laminitis and navicular disease, as its effects as a vasodilator are thought to increase circulation within the hoof to help counteract the problems associated with these conditions.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
ARLIDIN NYLIDRIN HYDROCHLORIDE by USV
(1961)
Source URL:
First approved in 1955
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (UNKNOWN)
Targets:
Nylidrin (Buphenine, Arlidin) is a beta-adrenergic agonist. Nylidrin causes peripheral vasodilation, a positive inotropic effect, and increased gastric volume of gastric juice. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disorders and premature labor. In peripheral vascular disorders, Arlidin (nylidrin HCl) increases walking ability and promotes healing of trophic ulcers. Nylidrin hydrochloride acts predominantly by beta-receptor stimulation. Beta stimulation with nylidrin has been demonstrated in a variety of isolated tissues from rabbits, guinea pigs and dogs. It has been shown to dilate arterioles in skeletal muscle and to increase cardiac output in the anesthetized dog and cat and in unanesthetized man. An increase in cerebral blood flow and a decrease in vascular resistance has also been reported. The result of this combination of actions is a greater blood supply to ischemic tissues, with usually minimal change in blood pressure. Arlidin may be of benefit in elderly patients with mild to moderate symptoms that are commonly associated with organic mental disorders. Short-term (3 months’ duration) and long-term (12 months’ duration) clinical studies have demonstrated a modest improvement in ability to perform general activities of daily living, self-care and in a capability for social interactions. The mechanism whereby nylidrin may provide relief of selected symptoms in some elderly patients with organic brain disorders is not known.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
First approved in 1952
Source:
CYCLAINE by MERCK
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Hexylcaine hydrochloride, a benzoic acid ester, is a local anaesthetic that has been used for surface anaesthesia of mucous membranes. Local anesthetics produce a transient block of nerve conduction by interfering with sodium channels. This effect of the anesthetic interferes with the development of an action potential across the nerve.
