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Restrict the search for
beta carotene
to a specific field?
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2000)
Source:
ANDA075476
(2000)
Source URL:
First approved in 1988
Source:
CARTROL by ABBVIE
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Carteolol is a nonselective beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent for ophthalmic use. It has been shown to be effective in lowering intraocular pressure and may be used in patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma and intraocular hypertension. It may be used alone or in combination with other intraocular pressure lowering medications. The following adverse reactions have been reported: transient eye irritation, burning, tearing, conjunctival hyperemia and edema. Carteolol may cause bradycardia and decreased blood pressure, headache, arrhythmia, syncope, heart block, cerebral vascular accident, cerebral ischemia, congestive heart failure, palpitation, nausea, depression. Carteolol should be used with caution in patients who are receiving a beta-adrenergic blocking agent orally, because of the potential for additive effects on systemic beta-blockade.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2022)
Source:
ANDA214811
(2022)
Source URL:
First approved in 1987
Source:
BACTROBAN by GLAXOSMITHKLINE
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Mupirocin (BACTROBAN®) is an antibiotic from a strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens. It has shown excellent activity against gram-positive staphylococci and streptococci. The antibiotic is used primarily for the treatment of primary and secondary skin disorders, nasal infections, and wound healing. Mupirocin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by reversibly and specifically binding to bacterial isoleucyltransfer RNA (tRNA) synthetase. It also severely inhibits RNA synthesis. DNA and cell wall peptidoglycan synthesis are inhibited to a lesser extent and interference with these processes is considered to be a secondary effect. Mupirocin is bactericidal at concentrations achieved by topical administration.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2008)
Source:
ANDA077981
(2008)
Source URL:
First approved in 1987
Source:
NDA019655
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Conditions:
Zidovudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with activity against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1). Zidovudine is phosphorylated to active metabolites that compete for incorporation into viral DNA. They inhibit the HIV reverse transcriptase enzyme competitively and act as a chain terminator of DNA synthesis. The lack of a 3'-OH group in the incorporated nucleoside analogue prevents the formation of the 5' to 3' phosphodiester linkage essential for DNA chain elongation, and therefore, the viral DNA growth is terminated. Zidovudine, a structural analog of thymidine, is a prodrug that must be phosphorylated to its active 5′-triphosphate metabolite, zidovudine triphosphate (ZDV-TP). It inhibits the activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) via DNA chain termination after incorporation of the nucleotide analogue. It competes with the natural substrate dGTP and incorporates itself into viral DNA. It is also a weak inhibitor of cellular DNA polymerase α and γ. Zidovudine is used in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of human immunovirus (HIV) infections. Zidovudine is marketed as Retrovir.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2015)
Source:
ANDA202829
(2015)
Source URL:
First approved in 1987
Source:
NDA019787
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Amlodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist (calcium ion antagonist or slow-channel blocker) that inhibits the transmembrane influx of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. Experimental data suggest that amlodipine binds to both dihydropyridine and nondihydropyridine binding sites. The contractile processes of cardiac muscle and vascular smooth muscle are dependent upon the movement of extracellular calcium ions into these cells through specific ion channels. Amlodipine inhibits calcium ion influx across cell membranes selectively, with a greater effect on vascular mooth muscle cells than on cardiac muscle cells. Amlodipine is indicated for the treatment of hypertension and coronary artery disease.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2001)
Source:
ANDA075551
(2001)
Source URL:
First approved in 1987
Source:
MEVACOR by MERCK
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Conditions:
Lovastatin acid is an active metabolite of hypolipidemic drug Lovastatin. Lovastatin acid inhibits HMG-CoA reductase. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, which is an early and rate limiting step in the biosynthesis of cholesterol. Lovastatin has been shown to reduce both normal and elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Lovastatin in approved for prevention of cardiovascular events and hypercholesterolemia. Off-label use of lovastatin includes treatmetn of diabetic dyslipidemia, familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, familial combined hyperlipidemia, or nephrotic hyperlipidemia. Lovastatin was tested in clinical trials agains radioation injury during therapy of prostate cancer.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2010)
Source:
ANDA090913
(2010)
Source URL:
First approved in 1987
Source:
IFEX/MESNEX KIT by BAXTER HLTHCARE
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Mesna is an organosulfur compound used as an adjuvant in cancer chemotherapy involving cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide. No clinical drug interaction studies have been conducted with mesna. Mesna concentrates in the bladder where acrolein accumulates after administration of chemotherapy and through a Michael addition, forms a conjugate with acrolein and other urotoxic metabolites. This conjugation reaction inactivates the urotoxic compounds to harmless metabolites. The most common adverse reactions (> 10%) when MESNEX is given with ifosfamide are nausea, vomiting, constipation, leukopenia, fatigue, fever, anorexia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, granulocytopenia, diarrhea, asthenia, abdominal pain, headache, alopecia, and somnolence.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2017)
Source:
ANDA207989
(2017)
Source URL:
First approved in 1987
Source:
ELOCON by ORGANON
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Mometasone is a medium-potency synthetic corticosteroid with antiinflammatory, antipruritic, and vasoconstrictive properties. Studies in asthmatic patients have demonstrated that mometasone provides a favorable ratio of topical to systemic activity due to its primary local effect along with the extensive hepatic metabolism and the lack of active metabolites. Though effective for the treatment of asthma, glucocorticoids do not affect asthma symptoms immediately. Maximum improvement in symptoms following inhaled administration of mometasone furoate may not be achieved for 1 to 2 weeks or longer after starting treatment. When glucocorticoids are discontinued, asthma stability may persist for several days or longer. Mometasone has been shown in vitro to exhibit a binding affinity for the human glucocorticoid receptor which is approximately 12 times that of dexamethasone, 7 times that of triamcinolone acetonide, 5 times that of budesonide, and 1.5 times that of fluticasone. Mometasone inhaler is indicated for the maintenance treatment of asthma as prophylactic therapy. The nasal spray is indicated for the treatment of the nasal symptoms of seasonal allergic and perennial allergic rhinitis. ELOCON Lotion (Mometasone) is indicated for the relief of the inflammatory and pruritic manifestations of corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2006)
Source:
ANDA077356
(2006)
Source URL:
First approved in 1987
Source:
NOVANTRONE by EMD SERONO
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Mitoxantrone (NOVANTRONE) is a synthetic antineoplastic
anthracenedione. Mitoxantrone, a DNA-reactive agent that intercalates into deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
through hydrogen bonding, causes crosslinks and strand breaks. Mitoxantrone also interferes with ribonucleic acid (RNA) and is a potent inhibitor of topoisomerase II, an
enzyme responsible for uncoiling and repairing damaged DNA. It has a cytocidal effect
on both proliferating and nonproliferating cultured human cells, suggesting lack of cell
cycle phase specificity.
Mitoxantrone has been shown in vitro to inhibit B cell, T cell, and macrophage
proliferation and impair antigen pre sentation, as well as the secretion of interferon
gamma, TNFα, and IL-2. NOVANTRONE is indicated for reducing neurologic disability and/or the frequency of
clinical relapses in patients with secondary (chronic) progressive, progressive relapsing,
or worsening relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (i.e., patients whose neurologic status
is significantly abnormal between relapses). NOVANTRONE in combination with corticosteroids is indicated as initial chemotherapy
for the treatment of patients with pain related to advanced hormone-refractory prostate
cancer.
NOVANTRONE in combination with other approved drug(s) is indicated in the initial
therapy of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) in adults. This category includes
myelogenous, promyelocytic, monocytic, and erythroid acute leukemias.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2019)
Source:
ANDA212452
(2019)
Source URL:
First approved in 1987
Source:
NDA019594
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Ursodiol tablets, USP are bile acids indicated for the treatment of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Ursodiol (Ursodeoxycholic acid), a naturally occurring hydrophilic bile acid, derived from cholesterol, is present as a minor fraction of the total human bile acid pool. Ursodeoxycholic acid reduces elevated liver enzyme levels by facilitating bile flow through the liver and protecting liver cells. The main mechanism if anticholelithic. Although the exact process of ursodiol's anticholelithic action is not completely understood, it is thought that the drug is concentrated in bile and decreases biliary cholesterol by suppressing hepatic synthesis and secretion of cholesterol and by inhibiting its intestinal absorption. The reduced cholesterol saturation permits the gradual solubilization of cholesterol from gallstones, resulting in their eventual dissolution. In addition to the replacement and displacement of toxic bile acids, other mechanisms of action include cytoprotection of the injured bile duct epithelial cells (cholangiocytes) against toxic effects of bile acids, inhibition of apotosis of hepatocytes, immunomodulatory effects, and stimulation of bile secretion by hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. Neither accidental nor intentional overdosing with ursodeoxycholic acid has been reported. Doses of ursodeoxycholic acid in the range of 16-20 mg/kg/day have been tolerated for 6-37 months without symptoms by 7 patients. The LD50 for ursodeoxycholic acid in rats is over 5000 mg/kg given over 7-10 days and over 7500 mg/kg for mice. The most likely manifestation of severe overdose with ursodeoxycholic acid would probably be diarrhea, which should be treated symptomatically.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2023)
Source:
NDA216974
(2023)
Source URL:
First approved in 1986
Source:
NDA050608
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Sulbactam is a β-lactamase inhibitor given in combination with β-lactam antibiotics to inhibit β-lactamase, an enzyme produced by bacteria that destroys the antibiotics. Sulbactam in combination with semisynthetic antibiotic ampicillin sodium is indicated for the treatment of infections due to susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms: Skin and Skin Structure Infections caused by beta-lactamase producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli etc; Intra-Abdominal Infections caused by beta-lactamase producing strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. (including K. Pneumoniae) tec; Gynecological Infections caused by beta-lactamase producing strains of Escherichia coli, and Bacteroides spp. (including B. fragilis).
