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Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C22H28N4O6
Molecular Weight 444.4809
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of MITOXANTRONE

SMILES

OCCNCCNC1=CC=C(NCCNCCO)C2=C1C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C(O)=CC=C3O

InChI

InChIKey=KKZJGLLVHKMTCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C22H28N4O6/c27-11-9-23-5-7-25-13-1-2-14(26-8-6-24-10-12-28)18-17(13)21(31)19-15(29)3-4-16(30)20(19)22(18)32/h1-4,23-30H,5-12H2

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula C22H28N4O6
Molecular Weight 444.4809
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Mitoxantrone (NOVANTRONE) is a synthetic antineoplastic anthracenedione. Mitoxantrone, a DNA-reactive agent that intercalates into deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) through hydrogen bonding, causes crosslinks and strand breaks. Mitoxantrone also interferes with ribonucleic acid (RNA) and is a potent inhibitor of topoisomerase II, an enzyme responsible for uncoiling and repairing damaged DNA. It has a cytocidal effect on both proliferating and nonproliferating cultured human cells, suggesting lack of cell cycle phase specificity. Mitoxantrone has been shown in vitro to inhibit B cell, T cell, and macrophage proliferation and impair antigen pre sentation, as well as the secretion of interferon gamma, TNFα, and IL-2. NOVANTRONE is indicated for reducing neurologic disability and/or the frequency of clinical relapses in patients with secondary (chronic) progressive, progressive relapsing, or worsening relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (i.e., patients whose neurologic status is significantly abnormal between relapses). NOVANTRONE in combination with corticosteroids is indicated as initial chemotherapy for the treatment of patients with pain related to advanced hormone-refractory prostate cancer. NOVANTRONE in combination with other approved drug(s) is indicated in the initial therapy of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) in adults. This category includes myelogenous, promyelocytic, monocytic, and erythroid acute leukemias.

CNS Activity

Curator's Comment: Mitoxantrone does not cross the blood-brain barrier to any appreciable extent.

Approval Year

TargetsConditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
NOVANTRONE

Approved Use

Mitoxantrone injection USP (concentrate) is indicated for reducing neurologic disability and/or the frequency of clinical relapses in patients with secondary (chronic) progressive, progressive relapsing, or worsening relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (i.e., patients whose neurologic status is significantly abnormal between relapses). Mitoxantrone injection USP (concentrate) is not indicated in the treatment of patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis. The clinical patterns of multiple sclerosis in the studies were characterized as follows: secondary progressive and progressive relapsing disease were characterized by gradual increasing disability with or without superimposed clinical relapses, and worsening relapsing-remitting disease was characterized by clinical relapses resulting in a step-wise worsening of disability. Mitoxantrone injection USP (concentrate) in combination with corticosteroids is indicated as initial chemotherapy for the treatment of patients with pain related to advanced hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Mitoxantrone injection USP (concentrate) in combination with other approved drug(s) is indicated in the initial therapy of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) in adults. This category includes myelogenous, promyelocytic, monocytic, and erythroid acute leukemias.

Launch Date

1987
Primary
NOVANTRONE

Approved Use

NOVANTRONE is indicated for reducing neurologic disability and/or the frequency of clinical relapses in patients with secondary (chronic) progressive, progressive relapsing, or worsening relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (i.e., patients whose neurologic status is significantly abnormal between relapses). NOVANTRONE is not indicated in the treatment of patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis. The clinical patterns of multiple sclerosis in the studies were characterized as follows: secondary progressive and progressive relapsing disease were characterized by gradual increasing disability with or without superimposed clinical relapses, and worsening relapsing-remitting disease was characterized by clinical relapses resulting in a step-wise worsening of disability. NOVANTRONE in combination with corticosteroids is indicated as initial chemotherapy for the treatment of patients with pain related to advanced hormone-refractory prostate cancer. NOVANTRONE in combination with other approved drug(s) is indicated in the initial therapy of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) in adults. This category includes myelogenous, promyelocytic, monocytic, and erythroid acute leukemias.

Launch Date

1987
Primary
NOVANTRONE

Approved Use

NOVANTRONE is indicated for reducing neurologic disability and/or the frequency of clinical relapses in patients with secondary (chronic) progressive, progressive relapsing, or worsening relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (i.e., patients whose neurologic status is significantly abnormal between relapses). NOVANTRONE is not indicated in the treatment of patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis. The clinical patterns of multiple sclerosis in the studies were characterized as follows: secondary progressive and progressive relapsing disease were characterized by gradual increasing disability with or without superimposed clinical relapses, and worsening relapsing-remitting disease was characterized by clinical relapses resulting in a step-wise worsening of disability. NOVANTRONE in combination with corticosteroids is indicated as initial chemotherapy for the treatment of patients with pain related to advanced hormone-refractory prostate cancer. NOVANTRONE in combination with other approved drug(s) is indicated in the initial therapy of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) in adults. This category includes myelogenous, promyelocytic, monocytic, and erythroid acute leukemias.

Launch Date

1987
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
6.429 mg/L
90 mg/m² single, intravenous
dose: 90 mg/m²
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
MITOXANTRONE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
5.195 mg × h/L
90 mg/m² single, intravenous
dose: 90 mg/m²
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
MITOXANTRONE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
1922 ng × h/mL
40 mg/m² single, intravenous
dose: 40 mg/m²
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
MITOXANTRONE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
1.26 μg × h/mL
12 mg/m² 1 times / 3 weeks multiple, intravenous
dose: 12 mg/m²
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
MITOXANTRONE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE
food status: UNKNOWN
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
37.1 h
40 mg/m² single, intravenous
dose: 40 mg/m²
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
MITOXANTRONE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
19.83 h
12 mg/m² 1 times / 3 weeks multiple, intravenous
dose: 12 mg/m²
route of administration: Intravenous
experiment type: MULTIPLE
co-administered:
MITOXANTRONE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNHEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE
food status: UNKNOWN
Funbound

Funbound

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
22%
MITOXANTRONE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: UNKNOWN
age: UNKNOWN
sex: UNKNOWN
food status: UNKNOWN
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
39 mg/m2 1 times / 4 weeks multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 39 mg/m2, 1 times / 4 weeks
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 39 mg/m2, 1 times / 4 weeks
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 11
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: metastatic breast cancer
Age Group: adult
Sex: F
Population Size: 11
Sources:
DLT: Granulocytopenia...
Other AEs: Thrombocytopenia, Nausea and vomiting...
Dose limiting toxicities:
Granulocytopenia (grade 4, 11 patient)
Other AEs:
Thrombocytopenia (grade 3, 11 patient)
Nausea and vomiting (grade 1-2, 9 patients)
Stomatitis (grade 1-3, 6 patients)
Alopecia (grade 1-3, 5 patients)
Diarrhea (grade 1-2, 3 patients)
Sources:
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Disc. AE: Urinary tract infection, Leukopenia...
Other AEs: Nausea, Alopecia...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Urinary tract infection (32%)
Leukopenia (19%)
Depression (1 patient)
Left ventricular dysfunction (1 patient)
Bone pain (1 patient)
Emesis (1 patient)
Renal failure (1 patient)
Other AEs:
Nausea (76%)
Alopecia (61%)
Menstrual disorder (61%)
Amenorrhea (43%)
Upper respiratory tract infection (53%)
Stomatitis (19%)
Arrhythmia (18%)
Diarrhea (16%)
Urine abnormal (11%)
ECG abnormal (11%)
Constipation (10%)
Back pain (8%)
Sinusitis (6%)
Headache (6%)
Gamma-GT increased (15%)
SGOT increased (8%)
Granulocytopenia (6%)
Anemia (6%)
SGPT increased (5%)
Sources:
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Diarrhea grade 1-2, 3 patients
39 mg/m2 1 times / 4 weeks multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 39 mg/m2, 1 times / 4 weeks
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 39 mg/m2, 1 times / 4 weeks
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 11
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: metastatic breast cancer
Age Group: adult
Sex: F
Population Size: 11
Sources:
Nausea and vomiting grade 1-2, 9 patients
39 mg/m2 1 times / 4 weeks multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 39 mg/m2, 1 times / 4 weeks
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 39 mg/m2, 1 times / 4 weeks
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 11
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: metastatic breast cancer
Age Group: adult
Sex: F
Population Size: 11
Sources:
Alopecia grade 1-3, 5 patients
39 mg/m2 1 times / 4 weeks multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 39 mg/m2, 1 times / 4 weeks
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 39 mg/m2, 1 times / 4 weeks
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 11
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: metastatic breast cancer
Age Group: adult
Sex: F
Population Size: 11
Sources:
Stomatitis grade 1-3, 6 patients
39 mg/m2 1 times / 4 weeks multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 39 mg/m2, 1 times / 4 weeks
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 39 mg/m2, 1 times / 4 weeks
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 11
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: metastatic breast cancer
Age Group: adult
Sex: F
Population Size: 11
Sources:
Thrombocytopenia grade 3, 11 patient
39 mg/m2 1 times / 4 weeks multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 39 mg/m2, 1 times / 4 weeks
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 39 mg/m2, 1 times / 4 weeks
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 11
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: metastatic breast cancer
Age Group: adult
Sex: F
Population Size: 11
Sources:
Granulocytopenia grade 4, 11 patient
DLT
39 mg/m2 1 times / 4 weeks multiple, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 39 mg/m2, 1 times / 4 weeks
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 39 mg/m2, 1 times / 4 weeks
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 11
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: metastatic breast cancer
Age Group: adult
Sex: F
Population Size: 11
Sources:
Bone pain 1 patient
Disc. AE
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Depression 1 patient
Disc. AE
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Emesis 1 patient
Disc. AE
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Left ventricular dysfunction 1 patient
Disc. AE
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Renal failure 1 patient
Disc. AE
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Constipation 10%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
ECG abnormal 11%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Urine abnormal 11%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Gamma-GT increased 15%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Diarrhea 16%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Arrhythmia 18%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Stomatitis 19%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Leukopenia 19%
Disc. AE
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Urinary tract infection 32%
Disc. AE
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Amenorrhea 43%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
SGPT increased 5%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Upper respiratory tract infection 53%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Anemia 6%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Granulocytopenia 6%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Headache 6%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Sinusitis 6%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Alopecia 61%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Menstrual disorder 61%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Nausea 76%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Back pain 8%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
SGOT increased 8%
12 mg/m2 1 times / 3 months multiple, intravenous
Recommended
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Route: intravenous
Route: multiple
Dose: 12 mg/m2, 1 times / 3 months
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 62
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: multiple sclerosis
Age Group: adult
Sex: M+F
Population Size: 62
Sources:
Overview

Overview

CYP3A4CYP2C9CYP2D6hERG



Drug as perpetrator​

Drug as perpetrator​

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
weak [Ki 85 uM]
weak
weak
yes [IC50 3.39 uM]
yes
yes
yes
Drug as victim
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
A systematic overview of chemotherapy effects in acute myeloid leukaemia.
2001
Salvage chemotherapy with mitoxantrone, fludarabine, cytarabine, and cisplatin (MIFAP) in relapsing and refractory lymphoma.
2001
Mitoxantrone and paclitaxel combination chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer.
2001
HER-2 expression is a prognostic factor in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with a combination of high-dose cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone, paclitaxel and autologous blood stem cell support.
2001 Apr
Double reinforcement with fludarabine/high-dose cytarabine enhances the impact of autologous stem cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia patients.
2001 Apr
Acute promyelocytic leukemia with additional chromosome abnormalities in a renal transplant case.
2001 Apr
High remission rate in acute myeloblastic leukemia with only two days of chemotherapy.
2001 Apr
High-dose therapy with autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with peripheral T cell lymphomas.
2001 Apr
Immunomodulatory drugs for multiple sclerosis: a systematic review of clinical and cost effectiveness.
2001 Apr
Treatment of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in elderly patients with thiotepa, Novantrone (mitoxantrone), vincristine, prednisone (TNOP).
2001 Aug
CMF (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil) versus cnf (cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone, 5-fluorouracil) as adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II lymph-node positive breast cancer: a phase III randomized multicenter study.
2001 Aug
The DNA helicase activity of yeast Sgs1p is essential for normal lifespan but not for resistance to topoisomerase inhibitors.
2001 Aug
TRAIL/Apo2L ligand selectively induces apoptosis and overcomes drug resistance in multiple myeloma: therapeutic applications.
2001 Aug 1
Postremission therapy in older patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia: a randomized trial comparing mitoxantrone and intermediate-dose cytarabine with standard-dose cytarabine.
2001 Aug 1
Resistance to topoisomerase poisons due to loss of DNA mismatch repair.
2001 Aug 15
Multiple sclerosis treatment 2001.
2001 Feb
Docetaxel in prostate cancer.
2001 Feb
Effectiveness of interferon-alfa and mid-cycle chemotherapy added to an anthracycline-based regimen in the treatment of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
2001 Jan
Mitoxantrone and fludarabine in the treatment of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma failing primary therapy with a doxorubicinor mitoxantrone-containing regimen.
2001 Jan
Phase II study of combination human recombinant GM-CSF with intermediate-dose cytarabine and mitoxantrone chemotherapy in patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (RAEB, RAEBT, and CMML): an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study.
2001 Jan
Detection of human herpesvirus 6 and JC virus in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy complicating follicular lymphoma.
2001 Jul
Radiation therapy after a partial response to CHOP chemotherapy for aggressive lymphomas.
2001 Jul 1
Resistance to mitoxantrone in multidrug-resistant MCF7 breast cancer cells: evaluation of mitoxantrone transport and the role of multidrug resistance protein family proteins.
2001 Jul 15
Functional characterization of the human multidrug transporter, ABCG2, expressed in insect cells.
2001 Jul 6
Efficacy of fludarabine, intermittent sequential high-dose cytosine arabinoside, and mitoxantrone (FIS-HAM) salvage therapy in highly resistant acute leukemias.
2001 Jun
[Chemotherapy in gastroenterologic neuroendocrine tumors].
2001 Jun
Secondary acute myelogenous leukemia and myelodysplasia without abnormalities of chromosome 11q23 following treatment of acute leukemia with topoisomerase II-based chemotherapy.
2001 Jun
The prognostic value of cytogenetics is reinforced by the kind of induction/consolidation therapy in influencing the outcome of acute myeloid leukemia--analysis of 848 patients.
2001 Jun
Magnetic resonance imaging detection of avascular necrosis of the bone in children receiving intensive prednisone therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia or non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
2001 Jun
Results of a phase III prospective, randomised trial, comparing mitoxantrone and vinorelbine (MV) in combination with standard FAC/FEC in front-line therapy of metastatic breast cancer.
2001 Jun
Incremental net benefit in randomized clinical trials.
2001 Jun 15
Esters of 2-(1-hydroxyalkyl)-1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinones with melphalan as multifunctional anticancer agents.
2001 Jun 4
A functional assay for detection of the mitoxantrone resistance protein, MXR (ABCG2).
2001 Jun 6
Heterogeneity of proteinkinase C activity and PKC-zeta expression in clinical breast carcinomas.
2001 Mar
Cladribine in combination with mitoxantrone and cyclophosphamide(CMC) in the treatment of heavily pre-treated patients with advanced indolent lymphoid malignancies.
2001 Mar
Pretreatment leukaemia cell drug resistance is correlated to clinical outcome in acute myeloid leukaemia.
2001 Mar
Cemp, a mitoxantrone containing combination, in the treatment of intermediate and high grade non-hodgkin's lymphoma: an effective and non toxic therapeutic alternative for adult and elderly patients.
2001 Mar
Selection and characterization of a high-activity ribozyme directed against the antineoplastic drug resistance-associated ABC transporter BCRP/MXR/ABCG2.
2001 Mar
Intensive postremission chemotherapy in Taiwanese adults with acute myelogenous leukemia.
2001 Mar-Apr
Combination therapy of percutaneous mitoxantrone injection, percutaneous ethanol injection, and transcatheter arterial embolization for intrahepatic hepatocellular carcinoma and adrenal metastasis.
2001 Mar-Apr
Longitudinal effects of high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation on quality of life in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer.
2001 May
Estrogen-receptor-directed neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer: results of a randomised trial using formestane and methotrexate, mitozantrone and mitomycin C (MMM) chemotherapy.
2001 May
Phase I study of BBR 2778, a new aza-anthracenedione, in advanced or refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
2001 May
Cardiac metabolism and function in patients with multiple sclerosis: a combined 31P-MR-spectroscopy and MRI study.
2001 May
Neoadjuvant high dose chemotherapy plus peripheral blood progenitor cells in inflammatory breast cancer: a multicenter phase II pilot study.
2001 May
In vitro induction of apoptosis of neoplastic cells in low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas using combinations of established cytotoxic drugs with bendamustine.
2001 May
Combined action of PSC 833 (Valspodar), a novel MDR reversing agent, with mitoxantrone, etoposide and cytarabine in poor-prognosis acute myeloid leukemia.
2001 May
Phase II study of docetaxel, estramustine, and low-dose hydrocortisone in men with hormone-refractory prostate cancer: a final report of CALGB 9780. Cancer and Leukemia Group B.
2001 May 1
Improved treatment results in high-risk pediatric acute myeloid leukemia patients after intensification with high-dose cytarabine and mitoxantrone: results of Study Acute Myeloid Leukemia-Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster 93.
2001 May 15
Mitoxantrone is superior to doxorubicin in a multiagent weekly regimen for patients older than 60 with high-grade lymphoma: results of a BNLI randomized trial of PAdriaCEBO versus PMitCEBO.
2001 May 15
Patents

Sample Use Guides

The recommended dosage of NOVANTRONE (Mitoxantrone) is 12 mg/m2 given as a short (approximately 5 to 15 minutes) intravenous infusion every 3 months.
Route of Administration: Intravenous
In Vitro Use Guide
Treatment of B-CLL cells for 48 h with mitoxantrone (0.5 ug/ml) induced a decrease in cell viability as determined by MTT assay.
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
Edited
by admin
on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
Record UNII
BZ114NVM5P
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
MITOXANTRONE
INN   MI   VANDF   WHO-DD  
INN  
Official Name English
mitoxantrone [INN]
Common Name English
NSC-279836
Code English
MITOXANTRONE [IARC]
Common Name English
Mitoxantrone [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
Mitozantrone
Common Name English
MITOXANTRONE [VANDF]
Common Name English
MISOSTOL
Brand Name English
MITOXANTRONE [MI]
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 128499
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
NCI_THESAURUS C253
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 125199
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
WHO-ATC L01DB07
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
NDF-RT N0000000176
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
NDF-RT N0000175609
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
LIVERTOX NBK547931
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
WHO-VATC QL01DB07
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 96696
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
Code System Code Type Description
MESH
D008942
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
INN
4922
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
BZ114NVM5P
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
BZ114NVM5P
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL58
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
MITOXANTRONE
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000092117
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
CAS
65271-80-9
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
4212
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID4046947
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
RXCUI
7005
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY RxNorm
CHEBI
50729
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
NSC
279836
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C62050
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB01204
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB09012MIG
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
IUPHAR
7242
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
LACTMED
Mitoxantrone
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
m7572
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY Merck Index
DRUG CENTRAL
1821
Created by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 15 15:06:50 GMT 2023
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
TRANSPORTER -> SUBSTRATE
TRANSPORTER -> SUBSTRATE
TRANSPORTER -> SUBSTRATE
TRANSPORTER -> INHIBITOR
Related Record Type Details
METABOLITE INACTIVE -> PARENT
METABOLITE -> PARENT
METABOLITE -> PARENT
METABOLITE INACTIVE -> PARENT
Related Record Type Details
ACTIVE MOIETY
Name Property Type Amount Referenced Substance Defining Parameters References
Volume of Distribution PHARMACOKINETIC