Tedizolid (also known as TR-700, DA-7157) as is an active compound, which is produced by plasma or intestinal phosphatases, after administration of the drug, tedizolid phosphate either orally or intravenously. The mechanism of action of tedizolid occurs through inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 23S ribosomal RNA of the 50S subunit, thereby preventing the formation of the 70S initiation complex and inhibiting protein synthesis.

Efinaconazole is triazole used as a 10% topical solution for the treatment of onychomycosis, a fungal infection of the nails. It was approved for use in Canada and the USA in 2014 and is marketed by Valeant Pharmaceuticals North America LLC under the name Jublia. Like other antifungal triazoles, efinaconazole inhibits the fungal cytochrome P450 enzyme lanosterol 14α demethylase (CYP51), thereby disrupting ergosterol synthesis and, consequently, membrane integrity and growth in fungi. CYP51 is evolutionarily conserved and, in mammals, mediates conversion of lanosterol to meiosis-activating sterols (MAS); MAS are intermediates in the biosynthesis of cholesterol and may have a signaling role in initiating meiosis and oocyte maturation. Azoles have higher affinity for fungal CYP51 compared to the mammalian enzyme and such selectivity contributes to the safety of this therapeutic class. Azoles have been reported to produce reproductive and developmental toxicity in both humans and laboratory animals. The mechanism is unknown but inhibition of mammalian CYP51 as well as other CYPs, e.g. CYP17, CYP19 and CYP26, have been postulated to play a role.

Ledipasvir is an inhibitor of the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) NS5A protein required for viral RNA replication and assembly of HCV virions. Approved in October 2014 by the FDA, ledipasvir and sofosbuvir (tradename Harvoni) are direct-acting antiviral agents indicated for the treatment of HCV genotype 1 with or without cirrhosis.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (INTRAROSA™, prasterone) is a major C19 steroid produced from cholesterol by the adrenal cortex. It is also produced in small quantities in the testis and the ovary. Dehydroepiandrosterone (INTRAROSA, prasterone) is structurally similar to, and is a precursor of, androstenedione, testosterone, estradiol, estrone and estrogen. It indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe dyspareunia, a symptom of vulvar and vaginal atrophy, due to menopause. The mechanism of action of dehydroepiandrosterone (INTRAROSA, prasterone) in postmenopausal women with vulvar and vaginal atrophy is not fully established.

Fosnetupitant is a prodrug form of netupitant. Netupitant is a selective antagonist of human substance P/neurokinin 1 (NK-1) receptors. Upon intravenous administration, fosnetupitant is converted by phosphatases to its active form. It competitively binds to and blocks the activity of NK-1 receptors in the central nervous system, by inhibiting binding of substance P (SP) to NK-1 receptors. This prevents delayed emesis, which is associated with SP secretion. AKYNZEO® is a combination of palonosetron, a serotonin-3 receptor antagonist, and netupitant (capsules for oral use) or fosnetupitant (injections for intravenous use). AKYNZEO® for injection is indicated in combination with dexamethasone in adults for the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy.

Ceritinib is a selective inhibitor of ALK1, a target found in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ceritinib is approved by FDA and is indicated for the treatment of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Ceritinib also targets insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R), insulin receptor (InsR), and ROS1.

MOVANTIK (naloxegol) is a peripherally-acting mu-opioid receptor antagonist indicated for the treatment of opioid-induced constipation (OIC) in adult patients with chronic noncancer pain. It is being investigated for the treatment of constipation as a side effect of prescription opioid pain medicines.

Idelalisib is a first-in-class selective inhibitor of adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) binding to PI3Kdelta kinase, resulting in inhibition of the P13K signalling pathway in malignant B cells. The compound is approved for the treatment of several types of blood cancer. Idelalisib is intended to be used in combination with rituximab as second or subsequent line therapy for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. The drug may cause fatal and/or severe diarrhea or colitis, hepatotoxicity, pneumonitis and intestinal perforation.

Ceftolozane is a novel a cephalosporin-class antibacterial drug. In combination with a beta-lactamase inhibitor tazobactam (ZERBAXA, ceftolozane/tazobactam ) ceftolozane, is currently indicated for the treatment of the adult patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections caused by designated Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms and complicated urinary tract infections caused by certain Gram-negative bacteria, including those caused by multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of ZERBAXA and other antibacterial drugs, ZERBAXA should be used only to treat infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.

Vorapaxar is a tricyclic himbacine-derived oral thrombin receptor antagonist that acts by reversible inhibition of the protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1). PAR-1 is expressed on platelets and its inhibition prevents platelets from aggregation. Vorapaxar is approved by FDA and is indicated for the reduction of recurring thrombotic cardiovascular events in patients with a history of myocardial infarction or with peripheral arterial disease. Vorapaxar at the same time may cause bleeding complications including intracranial haemorrhage (ICH), when compared to standard therapy alone. That is why Vorapaxar is contraindicated in patients with prior stroke, transient ischemic attack and ICH.