{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
{{facet.count}}
Restrict the search for
beta carotene
to a specific field?
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Astromicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic produced by Micromonospora spp. It is effective against major gram-negative bacterias such as Proteus, Serratia, Citrobacter, Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Astromicin sulfate has been given by intramuscular injection or intravenous infusion. Side effects are: rash, urticaria, itch, erythema, fever, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Combination with strong diuretics can cause nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
Status:
Withdrawn
Source:
Alphacetylmethadol
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Conditions:
Alphacetylmethadol (INN), aka α-acetylmethadol (AAM), is a synthetic opioid analgesic. Its levorotary enantiomer, levacetylmethadol, is an FDA-approved treatment for opioid addiction. Alphacetylmethadol is very similar in structure to methadone, a widely-prescribed treatment for opioid addiction. In the United States, it is a Schedule I controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act with an ACSCN of 9603 and a 2013 annual manufacturing quota of 2 grams. Studies in rats indicate that alphacetylmethadol also evokes the heroin-like discriminative stimulus effects.
Status:
Withdrawn
Source:
Pronethalol [UK]
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Pronetalol (Pronethalol) is a nonselective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist that is structurally related to propranolol. Pronethalol displays a ∼125–150-fold lower affinity (140–830 nM) for beta-adrenoceptors than propranolol (1.1–5.7 nM). Pronethalol was the first beta-adrenoceptor antagonist used for the treatment of coronary heart disease and cardiac arrhythmias. Pronethalol is a cationic-amphiphilic agent that exhibits membrane-stabilizing effects that are unrelated to beta-adrenoceptor blockade. Pronetalol itself never came into widespread
clinical use; it was found to produce thymic tumors in mice, and was discarded in favor of a similar, safer compound, ICI 45,520.
Status:
Withdrawn
Source:
Ganglioside GM1 [Germany]
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Ganglioside GM1 is a monosialo-glycosphingolipid belonging to the gangliotetrahexosyl series that abundant in neurons of all animal species and plays important roles in many cell physiological processes, including differentiation, memory control, cell signaling, neuronal protection, neuronal recovery, and apoptosis. Ganglioside GM1 in neurons helps to transfer information from the exterior to the interior of the cell, through specific recognition and binding of biologically active molecules (membrane receptors and ion channels), and has specific functions in nerve conduction and/or synaptic transmission. The mechanisms underlying the effects of Ganglioside GM1 remain unclear in many cases, but it appears that these effects are often due to specific interactions between Ganglioside GM1 and proteins involved in signaling processes, within Ganglioside GM1-enriched lipid rafts in the plasma membrane. Ganglioside GM1 is a major component of total ganglioside mixtures from mammalian brains, from which it can be extracted and purified in large amounts. Ganglioside GM1 was widely used in the past as a therapeutic drug for a wide variety of neurological disorders. Further studies have shown that Ganglioside GM1 has immunogenic properties and led to the production of antibodies that promoted peripheral neuropathies such as Guillain–Barré syndrome.
Status:
Withdrawn
Source:
Diethylaminoethoxyhexestrol [Japan]
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (MIXED)
Diethylaminoethoxyhexestrol is a coronary dilating agent, approved for the treatment of angina in 1958 and marketed under tradename Coralgil. Diethylaminoethoxyhexestrol was withdrawn from the market because of drug-related phospholipidosis in liver, spleen and other tissues. Studies indicate that lipidosis is caused by the accumulation of the drug in lysosomes and inhibition of phospholipase A.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2007)
Source:
ANDA065381
(2007)
Source URL:
First approved in 1991
Source:
CEFZIL by CORDEN PHARMA
Source URL:
Class:
MIXTURE
Targets:
Conditions:
Cefprozil is a 2nd generation cephalosporin that is FDA approved for the treatment of mild to moderate infections of upper respiratory tract, lower respiratory tract, and uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections. Cefprozil, like the penicillins, is a beta-lactam antibiotic. By binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, it inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Common adverse reactions include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, abdominal pain and vaginitis. Nephrotoxicity has been reported following concomitant administration of aminoglycoside antibiotics and cephalosporin antibiotics. Concomitant administration of probenecid doubled the AUC for cefprozil.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2024)
Source:
ANDA216739
(2024)
Source URL:
First approved in 1967
Source:
CLOMID by SANOFI AVENTIS US
Source URL:
Class:
MIXTURE
Targets:
Conditions:
Clomiphene (CLOMID®) is a triphenyl ethylene stilbene derivative which is an estrogen agonist or antagonist depending on the target tissue. It is an orally administered, nonsteroidal, ovulatory stimulant. Clomiphene (CLOMID®) is a mixture of two geometric isomers [cis (zuclomiphene) and trans (enclomiphene)] containing between 30% and 50% of the cis-isomer. Clomiphene (CLOMID®) initiates a series of endocrine events culminating in a preovulatory gonadotropin surge and subsequent follicular rupture. The first endocrine event in response to a course of clomiphene therapy is an increase in the release of pituitary gonadotropins. This initiates steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis, resulting in growth of the ovarian follicle and an increase in the circulating level of estradiol. Following ovulation, plasma progesterone and estradiol rise and fall as they would in a normal ovulatory cycle.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(1984)
Source:
ANDA088366
(1984)
Source URL:
First marketed in 1921
Class:
MIXTURE
Conditions:
The ammonium cation is a positively charged polyatomic ion with the chemical formula NH4+. Ammonium ions are a waste product of the metabolism of animals. In fish and aquatic invertebrates, it is excreted directly into the water. In mammals, sharks, and amphibians, it is converted in the urea cycle to urea, because urea is less toxic and can be stored more efficiently. In birds, reptiles, and terrestrial snails, metabolic ammonium is converted into uric acid, which is solid and can therefore be excreted with minimal water loss. Ammonium is an important source of nitrogen for many plant species, especially those growing on hypoxic soils. However, it is also toxic to most crop species and is rarely applied as a sole nitrogen source. The ammonium ion (NH4+) in the body plays an important role in the maintenance of acid-base balance. The kidney uses ammonium (NH4+) in place of sodium (Na+) to combine with fixed anions in maintaining acid-base balance, especially as a homeostatic compensatory mechanism in metabolic acidosis. When a loss of hydrogen ions (H+) occurs and serum chloride (Cl–) decreases, sodium is made available for combination with bicarbonate (HCO3–). This creates an excess of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) which leads to a rise in blood pH and a state of metabolic alkalosis. The therapeutic effects of Ammonium (as Ammonium Chloride) depend upon the ability of the kidney to utilize ammonia in the excretion of an excess of fixed anions and the conversion of ammonia to urea by the liver, thereby liberating hydrogen (H+) and chloride (Cl–) ions into the extracellular fluid.
Status:
Other
Class:
MIXTURE
Status:
Other
Class:
MIXTURE
