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Restrict the search for
betamethasone dipropionate
to a specific field?
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
MEPRANE DIPROPIONATE by R&C
(1961)
Source URL:
First approved in 1947
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (MIXED)
Methestrol is a nonsteroidal synthetic estrogen that has never been marketed.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
Monomestrol by Wallace & Tiernan
(1943)
Source URL:
First approved in 1943
Source:
Monomestrol by Wallace & Tiernan
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Status:
US Previously Marketed
First marketed in 1921
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Propionic acid (PA), also known as propanoic acid, with chemical formula C3H6O2, is an organic acid used as a food additive and found naturally on the skin and in the gastrointestinal tract. It is a byproduct of fermentation reactions and is also produced industrially from ethylene or ethanol and carbon monoxide. Propionic acid is a fungicide and bactericide, registered to controlfungi and bacteria in stored grains, hay, grain storage areas, poultry litter,and drinking water for livestock and poultry. As a food preservative, propionic acid prevents mold in bread and baked goods, and it is used as a flavoring agent in cheese and other packaged goods. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency considers it safe and therefore, has no limitation on its use. It has been demonstrated that PA lowers fatty acids content in liver and plasma, reduces food intake, exerts immunosuppressive actions and probably improves tissue insulin sensitivity. Thus increased production of PA by the microbiota might be considered beneficial in the context of prevention of obesity and diabetes type 2. The molecular mechanisms by which PA may exert this plethora of physiological effects are slowly being elucidated and include intestinal cyclooxygenase enzyme, the G-protein coupled receptors 41 and 43 and activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, in turn inhibiting the sentinel transcription factor NF-κB and thus increasing the threshold for inflammatory responses in general. Taken together, PA emerges as a major mediator in the link between nutrition, gut microbiota and physiology. The sodium salt of propionic acid was previously approved in Canada as an active ingredient in Amino-Cerv (used to treat inflammation or injury of the cervix).
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
BLA022523
(2010)
Source URL:
First approved in 2010
Source:
BLA022523
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
NADA141071
(1997)
Source URL:
First approved in 1997
Source:
NADA141071
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Imidocarb is a carbanilide derivative with antiprotozoal activity. It is usually administered as the dipropionate salt. Imidocarb is a drug sold under the brand name Imizol and is used to treat canine ehrlichiosis. wo mechanisms of action have been proposed:
As the effect of imidocarb on Trypanosoma brucei is antagonized by excess polyamines, it is has been suggested that imidocarb interferes with their production and/or use. Imidocarb blocks the entry of inositol into erythrocytes containing Babesia, resulting in starvation of the parasite. It is generally accepted in that imidocarb has anticholinesterase activity.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
First approved in 1996
Source:
NADA141063
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Conditions:
Florfenicol (Nuflor) is a fluorinated synthetic analog of thiamphenicol. Florfenicol is indicated for the treatment of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) associated with Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Haemophilus somnus, for treatment of bovine interdigital phlegmon (foot rot, acute interdigital necrobacillosis, infectious pododermatitis) associated with Fusobacterium necrophorum and Bacteroides melaninogenicus. Florfenicol is a broad-spectrum, primarily bacteriostatic, antibiotic with a range of activity similar to that of chloramphenicol, including many gram-negative and gram-positive organisms; however, florfenicol does not carry the risk of inducing human aplastic anemia that is associated with chloramphenicol. It also has activity against some chloramphenicol resistant strains of bacteria, possibly because it is less affected by the major enzyme produced in plasmid-mediated bacterial resistance against chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol. Although the activity of florfenicol against obligate anaerobes is not addressed in the literature, it is likely to be quite effective. Antibiotic principle of Florfenicol is similar to that of chloramphenicol and Thiamphenicol. Florfenicol inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 70S ribosomal 50S subunits of susceptible bacteria, leading to the inhibition of peptidyl transferase and thereby preventing the transfer of amino acids to extending peptide chains and subsequent protein formation. The bacterial receptor that is the site of action for florfenicol is also considered to be the same as that for chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol. Florfenicol has a fluorine atom instead of the hydroxyl group located at C-3 in the structure of chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol. This prevents the acetylation of bacterial acetyltransferase in this site as to allow florfenicol to be less susceptible to deactivation by bacteria with plasmid-transmissible resistance that involves acetylation of the C-3 hydroxyl group in chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol, and prevents their interaction with bacterial ribosomes.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
19-Norandrostenediol by Epochem Co., Ltd.
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Bolandiol (INN), also known as 19-nor-4-androstenediol, estr-4-en-3β,17β-diol, or 3β-dihydronandrolone, is an anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) that was never marketed. Bolandiol bound with lower affinity to the recombinant rat androgen receptor (AR) than the other androgens and had low, but measurable, affinity for recombinant human progestin receptors (PR-A, PR-B), and estrogen receptors (ERalpha and beta-1). Functional agonist activity was assessed in transcription assays mediated by AR, PR, or ER. Bolandiol that until recently was available as a dietary supplement used by athletes to enhance performance. Bolandiol is on the World Anti-Doping Agency's list of prohibited substances and is therefore banned from use in most major sports. It is a potential metabolic precursor to nandrolone. However, several clinical studies have concluded that bolandiol does not alter the strength, body composition, or exercise performance. Bolandiol suppresses gonadotropins and endogenous testosterone production.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Bolandiol is an anabolic-androgenic steroid that was never marketed. A dipropionate ester, bolandiol dipropionate (brand names Anabiol, Storinal; former developmental code name SC-7525), has been marketed. Bolandiol dipropionate is an androgen receptor agonist. Research has shown the enhancing effect of Anabiol on hepatocarcinogenesis.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Octaplasma by Octapharma Pharmazeutika Produktionsges M B H [Canada]
Source URL:
First approved in 2013
Source:
BLA125416
Source URL:
Class:
MIXTURE
