Diosgenin is a major bioactive constituent of various edible pulses and roots, well characterized in the seeds of fenugreek as well as in the root tubers of wild yams. The findings from pre-clinical and mechanistic studies strongly implicate the use of diosgenin as a novel multi-target based chemo preventive or therapeutic agent against several chronic diseases. Diosgenin has been shown to increase cholesterol secretion fiveto seven-fold in the bile of rats without altering the output of bile salts and phospholipids (Kosters et al., 2005; Nervi et al., 1988; Nibbering et al., 2001). Recently, it was shown that the biliary cholesterol secretion stimulated by diosgenin and leading to fecal cholesterol excretion is independent of intestinal cholesterol absorption. The anti-cancer effects of diosgenin in vitro through different mechanisms was investigated and was shown that it could use in the treatment Colon cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer and some others. Also was investigates the effect of diosgenin on hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication and was shown that compound can inhibits HCV replication at low µM concentrations. Diosgenin was able to protect the kidney from morphological changes associated with ovariectomy. The mechanism is responsible for this protection was the conversion of diosgenin to progesterone. The extensive pre-clinical and clinical research should be carried out prior to advocating the safe and efficacious use of diosgenin and diosgenin-rich plant extracts against the prevention and control of diseases.

Fluocinolone participated in clinical trials for the treatment of Oral Lichen Planus and Candida Infection.

Arildone (also known as Win 38020), an antiviral agent that inhibits replication of herpes simplex virus type 2 and is capable to prevent the poliovirus-induced death in mice.

A radioconjugate of synthetic active thyroid hormone, liothyronine (T3), labeled with Iodine 131. Liothyronine involves many important metabolic functions and is essential to the proper development and differentiation of all cells. I131 liothyronine may be used in radiotherapy in thyroid cancers.

Cimoxatone is a fully reversible inhibitor selective for the A form of monoamine oxidase. Oral administration of Cimoxatone increased brain noradrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin and decreased DOPAC , 5-HIAA, and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylene glycol sulfate.

Medroxalol is a competitive antagonist at alpha1-adrenergic receptors and beta1-adrenergic receptors. Medroxalol also an agonist at beta2-adrenergic receptors. Medroxalol exerts antihypertensive and vasodilating effects. It was concluded that the principal action of medroxalol was to produce a fall in blood pressure by decreasing peripheral vascular resistance more than cardiac output.

Tempol is used as an industrial catalyst and chemical oxidant. However, its ability to scavenge free oxygen species has generated interest in the biochemical potential of this compound. Biologically Tempol catalyzes the disproportionation of superoxides, facilitates hydrogen peroxide metabolism, and inhibits Fenton chemistry. These properties generated investigational interest for the use of tempol to mediate radiation damage during chemotherapy. Tempol has been used in human clinical trials for mitigation of radiation damage in related to anal cancer, and brain cancer. Tempol has also been investigated in a number of animal and invitro models for conditions, such as oxidative damage, brain hemorrhage, anxiety, malaria, platelet agregation,

Androsterone, a neurosteroid, acts as a positive allosteric modulator of GABA(A) receptors, that can cross into the brain and could have effects on brain function. It was discovered, that the association of beta subunits with alpha subunits GABA(A) receptor affects the sensitivity of glycine receptors to androsterone. In spite of that, androsteron is considered as an inactive metabolite of testosterone. In addition, was studied that androsterone possessed anticonvulsant properties. Although of low potency, the androsterone was present in high abundance and was able to represent endogenous modulator of seizure susceptibility.

Oradon was developed as a mercurial diuretic for oral administration. Information about the current use of this drug is not available.