Terikalant is a benzopyran derivative patented by Rhone-Poulenc Sante as an antiarrhythmic agent. In normal cardiac tissues studied in vitro, Terikalant dose-dependently prolonged the atrial and ventricular action potential but affected neither the upstroke of the action potential nor the diastolic potential. Patch-clamp experiments demonstrated that the prolongation of the action potential induced by Terikalant is due to a specific blockade of the inward rectifier K+ current. In vivo, i.v. administration to anesthetized dogs of low doses of Terikalant consistently induced bradycardia and prolonged the atrial, nodal, and ventricular refractory periods, but did not affect the conduction velocity.

Hydrobentizide is a diuretic.

Spiramide (AMI-193) is a spiperone derivative, a selective 5-HT2A, (Ki = 2 nM) 5-HT1A (Ki = 50 nM), and D2 receptor (Ki = 3 nM) antagonist, with negligible affinity for the 5-HT2C receptor (Ki = 4300 nM). The ability of Spiramide to serve as a functional 5-HT2A antagonist in behavioral studies was demonstrated through studies in which Spiramide blocked the discriminative - stimulus effects of the 5HT2A agonist 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOM).

Bisnafide (previously known as DMP 840), a bis-naphthalimide derivative that was developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb as a potential anticancer agent. Bisnafide acts as DNA intercalator and topo II inhibitor. This drug participated in phase I clinical trials in pediatric patients with refractory solid tumors. However, further, development has been discontinued.

Capeserod is benzodioxanoxadiazolone derivative patented by patented by pharmaceutical company Synthelabo S. A. as a novel 5-hydroxytryptamine4 receptor partial agonist with potent cognition-enhancing properties. In cells expressing the 5-HT4(b) and 5-HT4(e) splice variants, Capeserod acted as a partial agonist, stimulating cAMP prodn. with a maximal effect of 40 to 50% of serotonin. However, in the rat esophagus preparation, Capeserod acted as a 5-HT4 antagonist with a pKb of 8.81. In addition, Capeserod potently improved performance in several tests of learning and memory. In the object recognition task, it improved retention at 24 h when administered i.p. or p.o. (0.001-0.1 mg/kg). This effect was antagonized by the 5-HT4 antagonist SDZ 205,557, itself without effect, demonstrating that the promnesic effects of Capeserod are mediated by 5-HT4 agonism. Capeserod also reversed the cognitive deficits of aged rats in the linear maze task and the scopolamine-induced deficit of mice in the water maze task. Furthermore, the combined administration of an inactive dose of Capeserod with the cholinesterase inhibitor rivastigmine resulted in a significant promnesic effect, suggesting a synergistic interaction. Capeserod was devoid of unwanted cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, or central nervous system effects with doses up to more than 100-fold higher than those active in the cognitive tests. These results characterize Capeserod as a novel promnesic agent acting via 5-HT4 receptors, with an excellent preclinical profile.

Nitecapone (3-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrobenzylidine)-2,4- pentanedione, OR-462) is a selective, short-acting catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor, whose main site of action is in the gastrointestinal tract. Nitecapone displays in vivo activity in peripheral tissues but does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier. The compound increases mechanical and thermal nociception and reduces neuropathic pain in diabetic rats and in a spinal nerve ligation model. Nitecapone has been shown to have a protective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury in experimental heart transplantation and in Langendorff preparations. Nitecapone added to cardioplegia solution reduces cardiac neutrophil accumulation and transcoronary neutrophil activation during clinical cardiopulmonary bypass. Reflected by better left ventricular stroke volume, nitecapone treatment may be an additional way of reducing the deleterious effects of neutrophil activation during cardiopulmonary bypass. Nitecapone was patented as an antiparkinsonian agent but was never marketed.

Elopiprazole [DU 29894 or 1-(7-benzofuranyl)-4-[[5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-H-pyrrol-2yl]methyl]piperazine) is an antagonist at dopamine D2 and D3 receptors and an agonist at serotonin1A receptors. Elopiprazole development for the treatment of psychotic disorders has been discontinued.

Fluazuron (N-[[4-chloro-3-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxyphenyl]carbamoyl]-2,6-difluorobenzamide, trade name Acatak) is an insect growth regulator belonging to the class of benzoyl phenyl urea derivatives, a class of chitin synthesis inhibitors. Fluazuron specifically interferes with chitin formation in ticks during engorgement, molt, and hatching. The substance is intended for tick control in beef cattle applied topically as a pour-on for use at single dose levels of 1.5 and 2.5 mg/kg BW with a possible additional treatment after 3 to 6 months.

Nidroxyzone (Furadroxyl) is an antibacterial agent. It was used for the treatment of experimental trypanosomiasis in laboratory animals.