Icosapent is an important polyunsaturated fatty acid found in fish oils. It serves as the precursor for the prostaglandin-3 and thromboxane-3 families. A diet rich in eicosapentaenoic acid lowers serum lipid concentration, reduces incidence of cardiovascular disorders, prevents platelet aggregation, and inhibits arachidonic acid conversion into the thromboxane-2 and prostaglandin-2 families. EPA can be used for lowering elevated triglycerides in those who are hyperglyceridemic. In addition, EPA may play a therapeutic role in patients with cystic fibrosis by reducing disease severity and may play a similar role in type 2 diabetics in slowing the progression of diabetic nephropathy.

T-817 is a thiophenylalkyl derivative patented by Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd. as a neuroprotectant for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. T-817MA protects neurons against amyloid-b peptide- and hydrogen peroxide-induced neurotoxicity and promoted neurite outgrowth in hippocampal slice cultures and neuronal reaggregation culture. T-817MA protected against nitric oxide-induced neurotoxicity in cultured primary neurons. In a preclinical model of Alzheimer's disease, T-817 increases decreased dopamine levels and tyrosine hydroxylase immunostaining in mice's substantia nigra (SNc) and striatum. Systemic administration of T-817 rescues tau-induced synaptic abnormalities.

α-Asarone is a phytochemical compound with neuroprotective, anti-oxidative, anticonvulsive and cognitive enhancing action, isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Acorus tatarinowii. Numerous clinical studies in China had indicated the effectiveness of α-asarone against respiratory disorders and epilepsy. Asarone tablets have been clinically used as bronchial asthma and bronchitis prescription drug in China. Unfortunately, toxic and genotoxic studies of a-asarone have indicated that this compound may pose a risk to human health, including embryotoxicity and maternal toxicity in rats, hepatotoxicity in rat-cultivated hepatocytes, and in vivo and in vitro genotoxic damage in mammalian cells.