Flumethasone 21-acetate is an anti-inflammatory corticosteroid. It has 300 times greater anti-inflammatory activity and 677 times greater capacity to promote liver glycogen deposition than hydrocortisone. It has anti-rheumatic potency 31 times higher than cortisol.

Diflucortolone pivalate is a glucocorticoid drug. It might be used as anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic agent.

Flumethasone or flumetasone is a corticosteroid and is an agonist of a glucocorticoid receptor with anti-inflammatory, antipruritic and vasoconstrictive properties. Flumethasone is often formulated as the pivalic acid ester, flumetasone pivalate. The immune system is suppressed by corticosteroids due to a decrease in the function of the lymphatic system, a reduction in immunoglobulin and complement concentrations, the precipitation of lymphocytopenia, and interference with antigen-antibody binding. Flumethasone binds to plasma transcortin, and it becomes active when it is not bound to transcortin. Flumethasone is used for the treatment of contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, exczema, psoriasis, diaper rash and other skin condition.

Cefteram is a semisynthetic cephalosporin formulated for oral administration as the prodrug ester, cefteram pivoxil. The mechanism of action of cefteram is inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cefteram exerts its bactericidal activity by strongly binding to penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 3, 1A, and 1Bs. The drug is available in Japan and is used for the treatment of bacterial infections.

Lorazepam (brand name Ativan) is indicated for the management of anxiety disorders or for the short-term relief of the symptoms of anxiety or anxiety associated with depressive symptoms. Anxiety or tension associated with the stress of everyday life usually does not require treatment with an anxiolytic. Lorazepam binds to an allosteric site on GABA-A receptors, which are pentameric ionotropic receptors in the CNS. Binding potentiates the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, which upon binding opens the chloride channel in the receptor, allowing chloride influx and causing hyperpolarization of the neuron. Studies in healthy volunteers show that in single high doses Ativan (lorazepam) has a tranquilizing action on the central nervous system with no appreciable effect on the respiratory or cardiovascular systems. Ativan (lorazepam) is readily absorbed with an absolute bioavailability of 90 percent. The mean half-life of unconjugated lorazepam in human plasma is about 12 hours and for its major metabolite, lorazepam glucuronide, about 18 hours. At clinically relevant concentrations, lorazepam is approximately 85% bound to plasma proteins. Lorazepam is rapidly conjugated at its 3-hydroxy group into lorazepam glucuronide which is then excreted in the urine. Lorazepam glucuronide has no demonstrable CNS activity in animal. Most adverse reactions to benzodiazepines, including CNS effects and respiratory depression, are dose dependent, with more severe effects occurring with high doses. Paradoxical reactions, including anxiety, excitation, agitation, hostility, aggression, rage, sleep disturbances/insomnia, sexual arousal, and hallucinations may occur. Small decreases in blood pressure and hypotension may occur but are usually not clinically significant, probably being related to the relief of anxiety produced by lorazepam.

Clocortolone (used in form of pivalate prodrug) is a topical glucocorticoid that was approved by FDA for the treatment of corticosteroid-responsive skin disorders. The drug exerts its anti-inflammatory action by binding to glucocorticoid receptor which results in regulation of the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and further antiproliferative, immunosuppressive, and initial vasoconstrictive effects.

Desonide is a topical glucocorticoid which was approved by FDA for the treatment of such conditions as eczema, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, etc. The exact mechanism of drug action is unknown.

Prednisolone is a synthetic adrenocortical steroid drug with predominantly glucocorticoid properties. Some of these properties reproduce the physiological actions of endogenous glucocorticosteroids, but others do not necessarily reflect any of the adrenal hormones’ normal functions; they are seen only after administration of large therapeutic doses of the drug. The pharmacological effects of prednisolone which are due to its glucocorticoid properties include: promotion of gluconeogenesis; increased deposition of glycogen in the liver; inhibition of the utilization of glucose; anti-insulin activity; increased catabolism of protein; increased lipolysis; stimulation of fat synthesis and storage; increased glomerular filtration rate and resulting increase in urinary excretion of urate (creatinine excretion remains unchanged); and increased calcium excretion. Prednisolone is used to treat certain types of allergies, inflammatory conditions, autoimmune disorders, and cancers. Some of these conditions include adrenocortical insufficiency, high blood calcium, rheumatoid arthritis, dermatitis, eye inflammation, asthma, and multiple sclerosis.