9-methoxyellipticine is an indole alkaloid from the roots of Ochrosia acuminata. Antitumor properties of 9-methoxyellipticine were demonstrated. 9-Methoxyellipticine possesses a relatively broad spectrum of antitumor activity, 10 of 17 mouse neoplasms tested having responded. Both intraperitoneal and oral activity have been noted. Significant activity was seen against both the ascites and solid forms of the Walker rat carcinosarcoma 256. 9-methoxyellipticine binds DNA through a single step mechanism, can be considered as a pure intercalator.

Alternariol is the mycotoxin produced by Alternaria fungi. It occurs naturally in foodstuffs and is frequently found as contaminant in fruit and grain products. It forms reactive oxygen species and interacts with DNA topoisomerase, thereby generating both single- and double-strand DNA beaks. Alternariol demonstrated dual inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase (MAO-A) enzymes extracted from whole and five different parts of male albino rat brains; namely: frontal cortex, basal ganglia, cerebellum, pons, medulla oblongata. In vitro studies have suggested that Alternariol may be linked to reduced immune response in case of infections and/or a disturbed balance of the adaptive immune system. Although the absorption appears to be relative low, it is nevertheless important to further clarify the mode of genotoxicity.

Myosmine (3-(1-pyrrolin-2-yl)pyridine) is a minor tobacco alkaloid widely occurring in food products of plant and animal origin. Myosmine expresses significant genotoxic effects in human target cells of carcinogenesis. After nitrosation and/or peroxidation, myosmine gives rise to reactive pyridyloxobutylating species which are capable of forming pyridyloxobutylated DNA adducts.