Isoorientin is a common C-glycosyl flavone in the human diet. It has been isolated from several plant species, including Phyllostachys pubescens, Crataegus monogyna and Crataegus pentagyna, Patrinia villosa Juss, Drosophyllum lusitanicum, buckwheat, Arum palaestinum, and Rumex and Swertia. Isoorientin possesses significant anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities. Significantly protected PC12 nerve cells from 6-OHDA-induced apoptotic neurotoxicity and reduced the proliferation of HepG2 cells. Isoorientin showed anti-RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) activity.

3,6-DIMETHYLMANGOSTIN (Fuscaxanthone C) is a constituent of Garcinia mangostana (mangosteen). Fuscaxanthone C has shown α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

Vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde), a pleasant smelling organic aromatic compound, is widely used as a flavoring additive in food, beverage, cosmetic and drug industries. It is reported to cross the blood brain barrier and also displayed antioxidant and neuroprotective activities. Vanillin is a natural substance widely found in many plant species and often used in beverages, foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products. Antioxidant and anticancer potential have been described for this compound. Vanillin has been classified as a bioantimutagen and is able to inhibit mutagenesis induced by chemical and physical mutagens in various cell systems. Vanillin, a selective agonist of TRPV1, has been shown to attenuate i.c.v. STZ and AlCl3+d-galactose induced experimental Alzheime's disease (AD).

Mangiferin, a bioactive compound derived primarily from Anacardiaceae and Gentianaceae families and found in mangoes and honeybush tea, has been extensively studied for its therapeutic properties. Mangiferin has shown promising chemotherapeutic and chemopreventative potential. In traditional medicine, different cultures have cultivated and processed mangiferin rich plants for the treatment of a range of illnesses including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, infection and cancer. Mangiferin is primarily implicated in down-regulating inflammation, causing cell cycle arrest, reducing proliferation/metastasis, promoting apoptosis in malignant cells and protecting against oxidative stress and DNA damage. Mangiferin also enhances the capacity of the monocyte-macrophage system and possesses antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.