Benzenesulfonic acid (conjugate base benzenesulfonate) is the simplest aromatic sulfonic acid, that is soluble in water and ethanol, slightly soluble in benzene and insoluble in nonpolar solvents like diethyl ether. Benzenesulfonic acid was first obtained, together with diphenyl sulfone, by E. MITSCHERLICH in 1834 by heating benzene with fuming sulfuric acid. The industrially important reaction of benzenesulfonic acid with alkali hydroxide to form phenol (alkali fusion) was developed by A. WURTZ and A. KEKUL_e in 1867 and by P. O. DEGENER in 1878. Until the early 1960s benzenesulfonic acid was used chiefly in the manufacture of phenol. Benzenesulfonic acid has the characteristic reactions of a strong aromatic sulfonic acid. Acid hydrolysis at 175 C splits it into benzene and sulfuric acid. Additional sulfonation with fuming sulfuric acid gives 1,3-benzenedisulfonic acid, which reacts further to 1,3,5-benzenetrisulfonic acid, and also diphenyl sulfone disulfonic acid. Benzenesulfonic acid is used as an acid catalyst. The sodium salt is used to standardize dyes. A variety of pharmaceutical drugs are prepared as benzenesulfonate salts and are known as besilates (INN) or besylates (USAN).

Sodium myristate is the sodium salt of myristic acid. It is used in the food as the binder, emulsifier and anticaking agent. It is one of the commonly occurring soaps. It is used in cosmetic as a cleansing and emulsifying agent.

Ethyl valerate is a substance responsible for green apple flavor. It has various applications in the food and cosmetic industry.

Glyceryl 1-oleate (1-O-Oleyl-rac-glycerol, Glyceryl oleate, Monoolein), is a surfactant that releases free glycerol and oleic acid upon hydrolysis. Monoolein has been used in liquid crystal studies and research shows that in the presence of monoolein, the penetration of the drug cisplatin (sc-200896) is doubled. Monoolein (1-Oleoyl-rac-glycerol) is used in the development of monoolein-based nanoparticulate liquid dispersions as possible vehicles for drug delivery. Glyceryl oleate is the monoester of glycerin and oleic acid. It's part of the hair lipids and skin lipids and has re-fating properties. Used as emulsifier and nonionic co-surfactant in various skin and hair care products. Creates water-in-oil emulsions (HLB value 3.5) but can also be used as a co-emulsifier and thickener for oil-in-water formulations. Add to oil/emulsifier phase of formulas. Typical use level: 0.5-3%. If used in surfactant systems, typical use level is 0.5-1% which should still keep shampoos clear and transparent.

ATBC, Acetyl Tributyl Citrate is a plasticizer which can easily substitute those plasticizers to be phased out by the EU by February 2015. Actually, one of the main ATBC application is substitution of Phthalates plasticizers (Acetyl Tributyl Citrate is a Phthalate-FREE, bio based plasticizer). ATBC, is a safe, non-toxic plasticizer, biodegradable, mainly used as plasticizer of PVC, cellulose resin and synthetic rubber. Some of its main applications are toys for children, medical products such as blood bags, food packaging materials, and cosmetics; as well as all main PVC compounds, and fixative of inks in the flexographic industry. ATBC is almost colourless and odourless oily liquid, free of foreign materials, insoluble in water but soluble in alcohols and organic solvents. Compared with benzoates plasticizers, ATBC is perfectly odourless. Compared with other Phthalate-FREE plasticizers, ATBC is biodegradable, 100% biobased and it is not a kind of hydrogenated phthalate. Acetyl Tributyl Citrate is recognized as a Safe and Biodegradable plasticizer, with fewer biochemical effects.

Aluminum Stearate (C54H105AlO6) exists as white powder and is an aluminum salt of stearic acid. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used as an anticaking agent; colorant; emulsion stabilizer; and viscosity increasing agent. According to the FDA, aluminum stearate is considered safe for general or specific, limited use in food. Aluminum stearate is not classifiable as a human carcinogen (cancer-causing agent).

Magnesium Tartrate is magnesium salt of tartaric acid

Adipic acid has been incorporated into controlled-release formulation matrix tablets to obtain a pH-independent release for both weakly basic and weakly acidic drugs. It has also been incorporated into the polymeric coating of hydrophilic monolithic systems to modulate the intragel pH, resulting in zero-order release of hydrophilic drugs. The disintegration at intestinal pH of the enteric polymer shellac has been reported to improve when adipic acid was used as a pore-forming agent without affecting release in the acidic media. Adipic acid is used to make bisobrin an antifibrinolytic.

Carminic acid is a natural compound extracted from cochineal insects, such as the cochineal, Armenian cochineal, and Polish cochineal. . The chromophore in this molecule is the conjugated pi system extending across the central anthraquinone ring system. Carminic acid can combine with various metals to form the pigment carmine.2 In industry, it is commonly complexed with aluminum to produce a purple/pink precipitate (with calcium as a counterion). Carmine’s color differs depending on the metal it is complexed to. For centuries, carminic acid and carmine have been used as dyes. The source material is cochineal, a blood-like fluid found within the cochineal insect. Currently, carminic acid and carmine have a multitude of applications in the modern world. They are used as nontoxic food additives and biological stains and are finding new uses as electrochemical modifiers and photosensitizers.

Amprolium Hydrochloride is a broad spectrum, potent coccidiostat (anti-protozoal) used for the treatment and prevention of Coccidiosis in cattle, goats, sheep, and poultry (chicken and turkey) in veterinary. Amprolium probably acts by inhibiting thiamine uptake by parasites and thus creates disorders in the metabolism of parasites.