Mercufenol chloride (ortho-chloromercuriphenol) is organomercury complexe with high-confidence antiproliferative activity in thyroid cancer cells. Mercufenol chloride demonstrate marked antimicrobial activity after Topical application. Mercufenol chloride was evaluated for use only as a patient preoperative skin preparation in the 1994. Currently Mercufenol chloride is categorized for hand wash or rub or as a surgical hand scrub or rub.

This chemical compound was studied the Japan. According this investigation, there is no available information on toxicokinetics and metabolism of 6-tert-Butyl-m-cresol. The LD50 values for acute toxicity of this substance were between 320 and 800 mg/kg in males and between 130 and 320 mg/kg in females for rats, and 580 mg/kg in males and 740 mg/kg in females for mice. This substance is corrosive to skin and eyes in rabbits. However, no irritation problem has been reported at any production site where workers wear proper clothing and equipment. A reproductive toxicity study in rats revealed that this substance was toxic to the dams at 60 mg/kg, causing depression of body weight gain and a slight decrease in the number of corpora lutea and implantations. This effect in the dams influenced the outcome of pregnancy, seen as a decrease in the number of live births and depression of weight gain in the offspring. These effects were not seen at 12.5 mg/kg/day. No evidence of gross malformations was observed at any dose. Based on these findings, the NOAEL for reproductive toxicity is considered to be 12.5 mg/kg/day for both female parents and pups. Evidence of malformations was not observed at any dose.

Allantoin is a product of adenine and guanine metabolism. Allantoin exists as two enantiomers (R)-(-)-allantoin and (S)-(+)-allantoin that are subject to enzimatic racemization. The spontaneous decomposition of upstream intermediates and the nonenzymatic racemization of allantoin lead to an accumulation of (R)-allantoin, because the enzymes converting allantoin into allantoate are specific for the (S) isomer. The enzyme allantoin racemase catalyzes the reversible conversion between the two allantoin enantiomers, thus ensuring the overall efficiency of the catabolic pathway and preventing allantoin accumulation. The naturally-occurring (+)-allantoin was isolated from leaves of Platanus orientah and from the urine of cattle. (-)-Allantoin was obtained by degradation of the dextrorotatory form of the racemate by allantoinase from soy bean meal or from the liver of Raja clavata.

D-(-)-tartaric acid is isomer of tartaric acid, that industrially produced in the largest amounts. D-(-)-Tartaric acid may be used in the preparation of enantiospecific homochiral cis-4-formyl β-lactams. It may also be used as a starting material in the synthesis of D-erythro-sphingosine and L-lyxo-phytosphingosine. D-(-)-tartaric acid is widely used as an acidizing agent for beverages and other foods, and this use is similar to citric acid. Tartaric acid can be used as an acid dye mordant when it is combined with tannin. It is also used for some development and fixing operations in the photographic industry. D-(-)-Tartaric Acid is used in the preparation of synthetic analgesics. Tartaric acid is metabolically inert in the human body. When taken by mouth, only about 20% of ingested tartrate is eliminated in the urine; the remainder is not absorbed as such since it is destroyed in the intestinal tract by bacterial action. Sodium tartrate in daily doses of up to 10 or even 20 g has been used in medical practice as a laxative.

Dictamnine, a furoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. (Rutaceae) is reported to have a wide range of pharmacological activities. Dictamnine is a strong mutagen and phototoxic alkaloid with DNA as a cellular target.

Agaricic acid is a resin acid that obtained by extraction with alcohol from obtained from various fungus plants (mushroom) such as Polyporus officinalis (a wood-decay fungus). Since the late 19th century it was used as an antipyretic and antiperspirant, and was official in the German Pharmacopoeia under the name of Agaricinum. Agaricic acid is a sesquihydrate, odorless, almost tasteless, crystalline powder, little soluble in cold water. It is irritant to the gastro-intestinal tract. Experiments on the synthesis of agaricic acid as well as studies of its pharmacological properties are known since 1960s. It was found that Agaricic acid was highly inhibitory (50 to 100%) to malic and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenases of the insect trypanosomatid, Crithidia fasciculata. Agaricic acid is a mycotoxin and is considered under regulations and guidelines established in European Union to protect the consumer from the harmful effects mycotoxins in food. Agaricic acid is among the newest agents to function in the treatment of wrinkles: it inhibits the cross-linking process which leads to dermal proteins denaturation.

Glucuronic acid (α-D-GLUCURONIC ACID) is a carboxylic acid that has the structure of a glucose molecule that has had its sixth carbon atom (of six total) oxidized. The salts of glucuronic acid are known as glucuronates. Glucuronic acid is highly soluble in water. In humans, glucuronic acid is often linked to toxic or poisonous substances to allow for subsequent elimination, and to hormones to allow for easier transport. These linkages involve O-glycosidic bonds. The process is known as glucuronidation, and the resulting substances are known as glucuronides (or glucuronosides). Glucuronidation uses UDP-glucuronic acid (glucuronic acid linked via a glycosidic bond to uridine diphosphate) as an intermediate. UDP-glucuronic acid is formed in the liver of all animals. α-D-GLUCURONIC ACID is used as pharmaceutical intermediate and in chemical research.

Oleuropein is a phenylethanoid, a type of phenolic compound found in olive leaf together with other closely related compounds such as 10-hydroxyoleuropein, ligstroside, and 10-hydroxyligstroside. Oleuropein is traditionally removed from olives due to its bitterness. In preliminary laboratory research, oleuropein had activity as an agonist of the G-protein estrogen receptor. Oleuropein inhibited the enzymatic activity of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), suggesting that mTOR inhibition is at least one of the reasons for the reported anti-cancer properties of oleuropein.

Propylene glycol stearate is used in is used in foods, pharmaceutical, and personal care products. Propylene glycol monostearate can be used as a lipophiic emulsifier and emulsion stabilizer in food. In food it is mainly used in cake batters, cake icings, cake shortening, margarine, oils, oleomargarine, poultry fat, whipped toppings, icecream, and yeast.

2′-Deoxycytidine (deoxyC) is one of the deoxy nucleosides, which after phosphorylation to dCTP is used to synthesize DNA via various DNA polymerases or reverse transcriptases. Deoxycytidine is phosphorylated by deoxycytidine kinase (dCK). This enzyme catalyzes the initial conversion of the nucleosides deoxyadenosine (dA), deoxyguanosine (dG), and deoxycytidine (dC) into their monophosphate forms, with subsequent phosphorylation to the triphosphate forms performed by additional enzymes.