Inositol is a vitamin-like substance. It is found in many plants and animals. It is produced by the human body from glucose, it is not an essential nutrient. Inositol and some of its mono- and polyphosphates function as the basis for a number of signaling and secondary messenger molecules. Inositol is used for diabetic nerve pain, panic disorder, high cholesterol, insomnia, cancer, depression, schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, promoting hair growth, a skin disorder called psoriasis, and treating side effects of medical treatment with lithium. Inositol is also used by mouth for treating conditions associated with polycystic ovary syndrome, including failure to ovulate; high blood pressure; high triglycerides; and high levels of testosterone. Inositol is possibly safe for most adults. It can cause nausea, tiredness, headache, and dizziness.

Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) is a nucleotide, consisting of a phosphate group, the sugar ribose, and the nucleobase adenine. AMP is an activator of several enzymes in the tissues. In the glycolytic pathway, the enzyme phosphofructokinase is inhibited by ATP but the inhibition is reversed by AMP, the deciding factor for the reaction being the ratio between ATP and AMP. In medicine, AMP is used mainly as an alternative to adenosine for treatment of ischemia and as a tool compound to measure hyperresponsiveness of airways.

Glycobiarsol was known under the brand name Milibis. Glycobiarsol is found to be very effective in intestinal infections. Milibis is an antiprotozoal agent that has been used in humans as well as in dogs.

Pyrabrom (also known as mepyramine 8-bromotheophyllinate) is a pharmaceutical preparation that causes antidiuresis under conditions of water load. However, under conditions of salt load Pyrabrom increases the speed of urinary excretion.

Paramethadione is an anticonvulsant in the oxazolidinedione class developed by the Abbott Laboratories, approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1949 for the treatment of absence seizures, also called partial seizures. Paramethadione acts to reduce T-type calcium currents in thalamic neurons which has been proposed to underlie the 3-Hz spike-and-wave discharge seen on electroencephalogram (EEG) during absence seizures.

ALPHAPRODINE is an opioid analgesic. It was used in obstetrics, as pre-operative medication, and for minor surgical procedures. In addition, this drug was used in the dentistry setting to help effectively manage pain associated with dental procedures.

Caramiphen is a muscarinic M1 acetylcholine receptor antagonist, which was used for the treatment of Parkinson Disease and cough, but then there using were discontinued. Caramiphen is also used in local anesthesia, and effect could be achieved through the suppression of voltage-gated Na⁺ currents.

MERCAPTOMERIN is a mercurial diuretic used for the treatment of congestive heart failure. It is an effective diuretic not only when given intramuscularly and intravenously but also when given subcutaneously.